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Since time immemorial human beings have constantly been fighting against viral infections. The ongoing and devastating coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic represents one of the most severe and most significant public health emergencies in human history, highlighting an urgent need to develop broad‐spectrum antiviral agents. Salicylamide (2‐hydroxybenzamide) derivatives, represented by niclosamide and nitazoxanide, inhibit the replication of a broad range of RNA and DNA viruses such as flavivirus, influenza A virus, and coronavirus. Moreover, nitazoxanide was effective in clinical trials against different viral infections including diarrhea caused by rotavirus and norovirus, uncomplicated influenza A and B, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. In this review, we summarize the broad antiviral activities of salicylamide derivatives, the clinical progress, and the potential targets or mechanisms against different viral infections and highlight their therapeutic potential in combating the circulating and emerging viral infections in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel salicylamide derivatives containing neonicotinoid pharmacophore were designed and synthesized via multi-step reactions. These compounds were characterized by satisfied spectrum analyses mainly including H NMR and ESI-MS. The preliminary bioassays indicated that some of target compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities against Heliothis armigera and Plutella xylostella at the dosage of 31.25 μg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new series of pyridazine, pyrazoles, pyrazolidine-3,5-dione, Semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazides, hydantoin, thiohydantoins, 1,2,4-triazoles, S-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles incorporated indirectly into salicylamide moiety at position 2 were synthesized. Also the synthesis of novel series of 3-salicylamido-2-hydroxypropyl-amine derivatives were prepared. Several of these compounds were screened for antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and ulcerogenic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) display a wide range of tissue tropism and can cause an array of symptoms from mild respiratory illnesses to disseminated and life-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals. However, no antiviral drug has been approved specifically for the treatment of HAdV infections. Herein, we report our continued efforts to optimize salicylamide derivatives and discover compound 16 (JMX0493) as a potent inhibitor of HAdV infection. Compound 16 displays submicromolar IC50 values, a higher selectivity index (SI > 100) and 2.5-fold virus yield reduction compared to our hit compound niclosamide. Moreover, unlike niclosamide, our mechanistic studies suggest that the antiviral activity of compound 16 against HAdV is achieved through the inhibition of viral particle escape from the endosome, which bars subsequent uncoating and the presentation of lytic protein VI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]