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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: The association of dietary patterns (DPs) linked to the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) is little known. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between major DPs and the severity of CAD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among423 newly discovered CAD patients (both genders, aged 35-65 years), who underwent coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was assessed by the Gensini score. All patients were tested using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and other related data through face-to-face interviews. Factor analysis and logistic regression were applied by using SPSS version-24. RESULTS: By principal component analysis, two major DPs were identified: "Unhealthy" DP that characterized mainly by high intakes of sugar and sweets, soft drinks, salts, cooking oils, and processed meats, and "Healthy" DP that consisting high intakes of fruits, fish, poultry, vegetables, whole grains. After adjustment for confounding variables, the odds of severe CAD was significantly higher in the third (T3) and second (T2) tertile of the unhealthy pattern by 4.79 and 2.48 times more compared to the first tertile (T1) (OR 4.79; 95%CI 2.60, 8.83; P<0.001) and (OR 2.48; 95%CI 1.40, 4.39; P=0.002), respectively. However, the odds of CAD severity in the T3 and T2 of the healthy pattern was lowered by 0.24 and 0.38 times less compared to the T1 (OR 0.24; 95%CI 0.12, 0.47; P=0.002) and (OR 0.38; 95%CI 0.20, 0.73; P=0.006), respectively. CONCLUSION: The severity of CAD was significantly increased by the unhealthy dietary pattern, while decreased by adherence to the healthy pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Depression is one of the effective factors in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery stenosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression symptoms and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients scheduled for angiography. Method: This prospective, cross sectional research was conducted on as many as 401 patients scheduled to undergo angiography at Dr. Heshmat heart hospital as the referral center in the north of Iran in 2016. Before cardiac catheterization, patients' demographic information (age, gender, level of education, and place of residence) and patients' medical history (history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and family history of cardiac disease) were obtained. Also, Beck Depression Questionnaire 2 (BDI II) was completed by a psychologist before angiography. After collecting the data, SPSS v.21 and statistical tests such as Spearman correlation, and Mann-Whitney U regression were used to analyze the data. Results: After controlling for age, sex, and having history of diabetes mellitus, no relation was found between having depression symptoms and more frequency of vessel involvement (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.98, P =0.130) or higher severity of CAD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.28, P = 0.087). The results were similar for the relation between severity of depression symptoms and CAD extent or CAD severity. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in patients undergoing angiography, depression symptoms were not related to CAD severity and number of involved vessels. Depression was associated with angina, independently of CAD severity. Our study found no significant correlation between CAD severity and severity of depression. The reason may be that measuring depression at a single time point cannot accurately reveal the impact of this problem on the trend of atherosclerosis over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) constitute the group with the highest risk of contrast-induced nephropathy development. Contrast media exposure might increase in patients who have lesions with >70% stenosis in the major epicardial arteries. Also, the impaired kidney function is associated with severity of coronary artery disease. We evaluated the relationship with severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) calculated by Gensini score and contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with mild renal insufficiency in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Material and Methods: We enrolled 227 patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were divided into groups according to CIN development. Severity of CAD was evaluated by Gensini score. Logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariate) was performed to evaluate the predictors of CIN using variables that are clinically related to CIN. The 95% confidence interval (CI) and odds ratios (OR) were presented. Receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the Gensini score. Results: A total of 69 (30.1%) patients with ACS had CIN. Compared to CIN (-) patients, CIN (+) patients had higher Gensini score, incidence of diabetes mellitus and amount of contrast media. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that Gensini score, DM and amount of contrast media were independent risk factors for CIN development (p < 0.05 for all parameters). Conclusion: Gensini score, which simply shows severity of CAD, may be helpful in the determination of CIN risk in patients with ACS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between NT-proBNP and SYNTAX score, which is a measure of the complexity of coronary artery disease. Materials and methods: We enrolled 405 consecutive patients with myocardial infarction who underwent coronary angiographic examination. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their SYNTAX scores. Those with SYNTAX score ≤22 were included in the low SYNTAX score group (LSTX), those with a score of 23-32 were included in the intermediate SYNTAX score group (ISTX), and those with a score of ≥33 were included in the high SYNTAX score group (HSTX). Results: NT-proBNP levels were found to be significantly higher in the HSTX group compared to the other groups (P < 0.001) and in the ISTX group compared to the LSTX group (P < 0.001). The NT-proBNP levels demonstrated an increase from low SYNTAX score to high SYNTAX score tertiles. Conclusions: NT-ProBNP levels in patients with myocardial infarction on admission were independently associated with extent, severity, and complexity of coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by SYNTAX score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine correlation between duration of diabetes and severity of coronary artery disease (Gensini score) in patients, undergoing coronary angiography at tertiary care cardiac hospital. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Cardiology, Tabba Heart Institute, Karachi from 17 September 2014 to 17th March 2015. All type 2 diabetic patients with 5 years or more duration of either gender with age 40 to 70 years, who had co-morbid like hypertension, smoking, and dyslipidemia been included in the study. The severity of coronary artery disease was found determined on Modified Gensini score correlate with duration of diabetes. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Pearson correlation, univariate, and multiple linear regressions were applied. Results: Coronary artery disease was found more than double in men as in women. In female patients mean Gensini score was 63.43±45.25 whereas in male it was much higher (84.40±57.26). The mean Gensini score in patients of age =60 years was higher than patients' with age > 60 years. The male gender and duration of diabetics were found strong relation with the Gensini score. Conclusion: The duration of diabetic mellitus and male gender are positively correlated with the Modified Gensini score and appears to be the important determinants of severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is one of the features which predicts severe organic heart disease. In this study, we aimed to examine the predictive role of Gensini score as marker of severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with LBBB and its relationship with other CAD risk factors and complications. We have included patients who referred to our center for selective coronary angiography with transient and or permanent LBBB on their surface electrocardiography (ECG). Cases with pacemaker rhythm and known non-CAD related causes of LBBB pattern on surface ECG were excluded from this study. Demographic variables and clinical features were studied. To determine severity of CAD, Gensini score was measured. The relationship between presence of CAD and deteriorated ejection fraction has been demonstrated by previous works, but we found no association between severity of CAD and degree of ejection fraction deterioration. This might imply to the role of non-CAD factors toward reduction of ejection fraction. In cases with hypertension in the setting of LBBB, higher Gensini scores were seen regardless of ventricular ejection fraction. Thus, earlier screening for possible CAD in cases with LBBB and hypertension seems rational. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent genome-wide association studies identified the common genetic variants in 9p21 were associated with the coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether this locus could predict the severity of CAD in Chinese Han population is unclear. 499 CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) have been enrolled for this study. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs2383207 and rs2383206 in 9p21 were genotyped in 499 CAG cases and 1519 controls in Chinese Han population. The gene dosage of 9p21 was stratified by the degree of vascular lesions and tested for association with the severity of CAD. Rs2383207 and rs2383206 demonstrated significant associations with 2-vessel and 3-vessel disease ( P = 2.0×10−3 and 1.9×10−4, respectively). GG genotypes of rs2383206 occurred higher proportion of left main trunk (LM) disease ( P = 6.0×10−3). GG genotypes of rs2383207 occurred higher proportion of left anterior descending artery disease (LAD) and right CAD (RCA) ( P = 2.7×10−6 and 1.6×10−4, respectively). The risk allele G of rs2383207 was associated with severity of CAD estimated by the Gensini score ( P = 3.6×10−5). Rs2383207 may strongly influence the development of CAD in Chinese Han population. The gene dosage in 9p21 could predict the severity of CAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences) is the property of Xian Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is degenerative, fibrous calcification of the mitral valve annulus. It is more common in people over 70 years old. It is a marker of increased cardiovascular risk which occurs in a graded fashion by MAC severity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of Mitral annular calcification with severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients under 65 years old. Methods: A total of 140 patients with IHD were enrolled by purposive sampling. Study populations were divided into MAC group and non MAC group. MAC was detected by Trans-thoracic echocardiography as an intense echo-producing structure located at the junction of the atrio-ventricular groove and posterior mitral leaflet in parasternal long axis view. MAC is measured in millimeters from the leading anterior to the trailing posterior edge and quantified as mild to moderate (1 to 4 mm) and severe (>4 mm) considering its thickness. Assessment of angiographic severity of CAD was done in the same hospital stay by Vessel score, Friesinger score and Leaman score. Results: Patients of MAC and non MAC groups were similar in terms of age and sex. Smoking (p=0.001) and family history of IHD (p=0.03) were significantly higher in MAC group. Anterior MI was significantly higher in MAC group (p=0.03). Left main and TVD were significantly higher in MAC group (p=0.001, p=0.01) whereas normal vessels were more in non MAC group (p=0.001). Intermediate and high Friesinger score (e"5) were significantly higher in MAC group whereas low Friesinger score (<5) were more in non MAC group. There was significant (p=0.01) positive correlation between MAC and CAD severity in terms of vessel score (r=0.76) Friesinger score (r=0.75) and Leaman score(r=0.42). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MAC was independent predictors of significant CAD (p=0.02, OR= 2.84). Conclusion: Echocardiographically detected mitral annual calcification (MAC) can be an independent predictor of significant coronary artery disease. There is positive correlation between severity of MAC and severity of CAD. Cheap, available and radiation free nature of the echocardiographic detection of MAC may be a marker of significant CAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to cause microvascular and possibly macrovascular complications. This study was performed to find the association between glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level and the severity of coronary artery disease. One hundred and ten consecutive patients admitted to hospital with acute myocardial infarction were studied. Seventy-eight patients (70.9%) had DM, 73 (93.58%) had HbA1C > 7%, 52 (47.3%) were hypertensive, 19 (17.3%) had a history of smoking and 37 (33.6%) had raised cholesterol. Coronary angiography was carried out in 87 (79.1%) patients and the severity of disease was assessed using the Gensini score. The mean Gensini score was 53.36±36.94 and the mean HbA1C was 8.4±2.39%. There was a significant association between Gensini score and DM (p=0.003) and between Gensini score and hypertension (p=0.018). HbA1C (r=0.427, p=0.001) and duration of DM (r=0.362, p=0.004) had a positive linear correlation with the Gensini score. Multiple regression analysis showed HbA1C to be an independent factor that influenced the Gensini score (p=0.021). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Comparative analysis of coronary arteriography and exercise ECG recordings of 33 patients with ischae-mic heart disease is presented. Linear regression was found between the increase of heart rate (HR) as well as increase of systolic blood pressure-heart rate product (SBPxHR) and the level of ST-segment depression developing during exercise. A significant correlation was established between the slope of the regression line (i.e. 'm'coefficient of y=mx+b) expressing the rate of change of ST-segment depression and the degree of coronary artery disease confirmed by arteriography. The average value of 'm' coefficients differed significantly according to the number of diseased vesseb (P< 001-0.001). The ratio of maximal ST depression and maximal HR (ST/HR) measured at the end of the exercise indicated reliably the severity of coronary artery disease and is suggested for everyday practice. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]