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В исследованных халькогенидных стеклообразных полупроводников (ХСП) обнаружен эффект влияния модификации на характер температурной зависимости электропроводности. Величина последней увеличивается с уменьшением ширины запрещенной зоны и, соответственно, с увеличением энергии активации. Указанная энергия коррелирует с изменением высоты потенциального барьера на контакте между металлом и халькогенидным стеклообразным полупроводником для различных составов материалов As2Se3 и As2S3. Отмечена существенная роль одиночной пары электронов, принадлежащей атомам модифицирующей примеси. Пара электронов отвечает за реализацию неупорядоченной и дефектной структуры, а также за формирование энергетической системы локальных состояний, оказывающих влияние на процесс переноса носителей заряда.

В статье рассматривается анализ фреймов рекламных сообщений в период XX-XXI веков. Анализ позволяет выделить типологию модификаций, которые обнаруживаются в утрате или актуализации информации о том или ином качестве товара. Динамика данного явления прослеживается на примере фреймов ХХ - ХХI веков «какао» и «чай».

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся структурно-семантической организации паремийных трансформантов коронавирусной эпохи. Паремии имеют относительную независимость значений от контекста употребления и способны сохранять «прозрачность» внутренней формы высказывания в условиях разных событийных фонов; в паремиях отсутствует конкретное лицо, осуществляемое действие, и указание на время этого действия; паремии выступают в качестве средства в языковой игре. Паремийные трансформанты коронавирусной эпохи контекстуально обусловлены, поскольку модификация актуализируется в определенном контексте, определенное время, они выступают в качестве одного из средств в языковой игре. Трансформации паремий обусловлены их активным употреблением носителями языка. В коронавирусном дискурсе выбор паремии обусловлен прагмалингвистической задачей: 1) моделирование уникальной ситуации, с одной стороны, и типовой (так как рапространяется на все и на всех), с другой; 2) выбор соответствующих языковых единиц, модификации которых наиболее адекватно будут отражать дискурсивную практику; 3) решение поставленной коммуникативной задачи в целях адаптации к условиям пандемии; 4) номинация участников, событий, явлений, процессов, феноменов коронавирусной эпохи; 5) выражение оценки к факторам коронавирусного дискурса; 6) выявление и описание актуальных дискурсивных топиков. Модификация паремий обусловливает формирование новых актуальных смыслов, характеризующихся образным, ярким, эмоциональным и экспрессивным характером.

The aim of this study is preparation and characterization of carboxymethylated cornstarch (CMCS) for potential application as water based drilling fluids. The cornstarch was modified by sodium monochloroacetate. The structure of cornstarch and CMCS was established by H1 NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The degree of carboxymethylation of cornstarch determined by H1 NMR spectroscopy was equal to 80%. The morphological properties of cornstarch and CMCS were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structural-mechanical, filtration and filter cake forming properties of drilling fluids and fluid loss indicators of CMCS were found. Studies have shown that the proposed new composition of drilling mud is superior in quality to drilling mud based on unmodified corn starch.

The article is devoted to studying the types of modifications of phraseological units with mythological allusions. The functions performed by them in the English discourse are characterized. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient knowledge of intentionally modified precedent units - phraseological units with a mythological component - and the specifics of their functioning in the discursive space of the English language. The novelty of the study is seen in the explicitation of the modifications (transformations) classification of precedent units in relation to phraseological units containing mythonyms that refer to ancient Greek myths. The author identifies three main modification types of the precedent units of phraseological units with a mythonym component: semantic, structural-lexical and syntactic. Particular attention is paid to identifying the functions of modified phraseological units in multi-discourse English texts. It is shown that the modification of the considered precedent units allows the author of the statement to originally identify the situations and events illuminated by him (the qualifying function of the modified phraseological units), give the text expressiveness and brightness (expressive-decorative function), convincingly express his point of view (persuasive function), convey irony or create humorous effect through a language game (human function), identify their group affiliation (password function).

The role of modernization of aircraft engines in the repair and the requirements for the design documentation. It is analyzed a set of repair documentation, which should include design repair and process documentation for repairs with product upgrades. Emphasis is placed on the repair design documentation, which includes drawings, specifications, diagrams containing data for the preparation of repair production, repair and control of the product after repair. These drawings, as a rule, contain only those images of the product, dimensions, maximum dimensional deviations, parts of the product, parts, circuit elements and additional data that are needed to carry out repairs and control of the product during and after repair. The differences of modernization from the repair of products of aircraft engines are established and the definition of repair with modernization is given. The purpose of the repair with the modernization of the aircraft engine is to obtain a new product modification (engine park). Engineers continue to improve the design of aircraft engines while pursuing, basically, two goals at once - reducing noise and reducing fuel consumption. While retaining all the advantages of the base engines, each subsequent modification of the engine is planned to implement the following new solutions: optimization of the blade shape, measures to expand the operating temperature range, the use of modern electrical systems, plasma ignition, fuel injection system with electronic control system, parts design and assembly units of light modern materials, reducing the size and more. The design documentation is an important link. These are graphic and text documents, which, complete or separately, determine the composition and design of the product and contain all the necessary data for monitoring, operation, and repair. The set of design documentation for a product or its part necessarily includes the main design document, which fully and unambiguously identifies this product and its composition.Repair with modernization is an improvement of the product, a change in the design following the requirements of modernity, which is one of the most important components of the transition to an effective market structure focused on customer satisfaction.

The article is devoted to experimental evaluation of the influence of electric-mode parameters of the original surface treatment of wire cutting tool on its surface in the process of cutting them brittle materials using free abrasive. The description of the established systems and procedures are set out questions for experimental studies. The results, reflecting the influence of the profile, the surface treatment of wire electro samples on their cutting ability are presented and analyzed.

Glial tumors, and in particular anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are aggressive brain tumors with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. Current treatment strategies are based on open surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, not a single one of these methods of treatment, alone or in combination, is effective in combating this disease, resulting in the average life expectancy following the diagnosis of under 15 months. Treatments are inefficient mainly due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that makes the delivery of drugs into the tumor mass difficult. With the development of nanotechnology the effectiveness of the drugs currently in use is on an increase and the reach to glial brain tumors is expanding. Nanoparticles are a preferred carrier of medicinal agents and dyes due to their size, availability of surface modification and the flexibility enabling the integration of several functional components into a single system. This makes it possible to direct the development of nanoparticles towards applications in the treatment and diagnosis of glial tumors. This dual approach helps to understand the location of the tumor tissue, bio-distribution of nanoparticles, and treatment progress and effectiveness. In order to improve the treatment and diagnosis approaches, various strategies can be applied to modify the surface of nanoparticles, including surface markers or so-called ligands and use the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment with specific targets which respond to specific stimuli. In this paper we review various strategies for the improvement of treatment and diagnosis of glial tumors, describe some surface markers and talk about opportunities for the introduction of nanoparticles into everyday clinical practice.

Задача календарного планирования распределенных предприятий заключается в назначении заданий территориально удаленным предприятиям и определении удобного рабочего графика для каждого из предприятий. Целью решения данной задачи является минимизация общего времени изготовления на всех предприятиях. Данная статья является первым шагом к решению задачи календарного планирования с использованием различных версий алгоритма муравьиной колонии: классический муравьиный алгоритм, алгоритм системы муравьиных колоний и модифицированный алгоритм муравьиной колонии.

Article is devoted to problems of studying of the biographic myth of Yu.O. Dombrovsky. Sources of the biographic myth are specified in article. Biographic implications of works of the Russian writers are investigated, the problem of the cultural self-identification of Yu. Dombrovsky based on understanding of the cultural and genetic accessory by him is analyzed. As evidential base Yu. Dombrovsky’s statements about the Gipsy origin are attracted. In article the Gipsy motive is considered as one of constant in the Russian literature. The conclusion is drawn that the concept of “Roma” in the Russian literary tradition is an image archetypic; the implicatures put in him are capable to report conceptually important data on the writer.

The article is devoted to the importance of selecting the optimal methods of stimulation and motivation for learning. In modern conditions it is very important that the teacher did not give the students ready knowledge, but pointed out the way for the acquisition of knowledge, taught them to gain knowledge. This demands from the philologist the choice of effective forms of working with texts of different types and styles of speech, listening, speaking. In this connection a special attention should be paid to the lessons of speech development. There is a special group of methods to stimulate the development of communicative competence. Among them, the method of discussion, which is increasingly being used during the Russian language lessons. The specificity of using this method in class for teaching Russian as a foreign language, its basic functions (teaching, developing, educating) are considered. The key rules for conducting a discussion at the Russian language classes, the main and additional functions-roles of the teacher, the participants, the minute-taker are analyzed. The advantages of the discussion in Russian in comparison to the discussion in the students’ native language are summarized.