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Pediatric neuro-meningeal tuberculosis leads to high rates of mortality and morbidity. Prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment are challenging; imaging findings play a key role in establishing the presumptive diagnosis. General brain imaging findings are well reported; however, specific data on cerebral vascular and spinal involvement in children are sparse. We report the case of a 10-month-old infant who presented to the emergency department with an acute febrile meningeal syndrome, complicating a prior delay in motor development. A brain MRI, including sections through the thorax, revealed cerebro-meningeal and thoracic lesions compatible with multifocal tuberculous involvement revealed by the neurological symptoms.

Nephroblastoma tumor is the most common renal tumor in children aged 1 to 5 years, typically presenting as an abdominal mass. However, other nonspecific signs may also reveal the disease. An unusual presentation, such as acute pyelonephritis or a subcapsular renal hematoma, is rarely an initial warning sign and should prompt investigation of an underlying cause, especially in the absence of trauma history. We report here a particular case of Wilms tumor, revealed by acute pyelonephritis and complicated by a subcapsular hematoma in a 6-year-old girl. We emphasize the importance of considering the diagnosis of Wilms tumor in any child presenting with renal hemorrhage, to improve prognosis and initiate therapeutic management as early as possible.

Extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare tumor that most frequently occur in the head and neck region, with the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx and tonsils being the most common sites. Diagnostic criteria for EMP include histological confirmation of a solitary plasma cell lesion, the presence of fewer than 5% plasma cells in the bone marrow, and the absence of end-organ damage commonly associated with multiple myeloma. CT scans and MRI features are nonspecific and can mimic those of other conditions. EMP of the nasopharynx presents as a slow-growing, radiosensitive mass with a favorable prognosis.We present the case of a 55-year-old male patient who sought medical attention for recurrent epistaxis. An endoscopic examination revealed a tumor located in the nasopharynx, which was confirmed by MRI as a confined nasopharyngeal mass. Subsequent pathology studies, laboratory results, and bone marrow biopsy were consistent with a solitary EMP of the nasopharynx.

Cystic lymphangioma is a benign lymphatic malformation that primarily affects children, with rare occurrences in adults. These malformations are most commonly found in the head and neck region, though their presence in the abdominal cavity is infrequent. In this report, we present the case of 71-year-old women with a cystic lymphangioma located in the omental bursa. The rarity of this condition in adults, combined with its unusual abdominal location, highlights the unique aspects of this case. This report explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for these uncommon lymphatic malformations.

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma (PHL) is a rare malignant tumor, which originates from smooth muscles. The imaging features are nonspecific and the diagnosis is often delayed until the tumor reaches a large size, which leads often to a dismal prognosis. We report a case of a 46-year-old male patient who was complaining about abdominal pain for 2 months. The imaging revealed the presence of a large mass in the liver with adrenal and liver metastasis. Diagnosis of PHL was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. In this case report, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects of the disease, as well as the treatment modalities.

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IP) is a rare type of benign tumor. Although initially identified in the lung, it has now been identified in a number of somatic and visceral sites, but mesenteric presentation is uncommon and has a variable clinical presentation. As inflammatory pseudotumor mimic malignancy both clinically and radiologically, the radiologist should be familiar with this entity. The only effective treatment is complete surgical resection. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with chronic abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a mesenteric inflammatory pseudotumor, in an attempt to illustrate the different imaging aspects of this benign condition in ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and to simplify the description of these tumors.

Proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) dislocation is a rare but significant traumatic knee injury that often goes undetected due to its subtle presentation and the rarity of the condition. It accounts for less than 1% of all knee injuries, making it an uncommon diagnosis in clinical practice. Despite its rarity, the implications of missing this injury can be profound, leading to chronic pain, instability, and potential nerve damage if not appropriately managed.Effective management, from closed reduction to open reduction, requires awareness from both clinicians and radiologists.In this case report, we present the clinical presentation, radiological investigations, treatment, and outcome of a 38-year-old woman who presented with a painful left knee following a domestic accident. The diagnosis of anterolateral tibiofibular dislocation was confirmed through careful clinical and radiological assessment. This case underscores the critical importance of early recognition and appropriate management of this uncommon knee injury to prevent long-term complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes.By detailing this case, we aim to raise awareness among clinicians about the need for vigilance in diagnosing PTFJ dislocations and to highlight the key steps in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. This case report contributes to the growing body of literature on PTFJ dislocations, emphasizing the clinical and radiological cues that should prompt consideration of this diagnosis.

Multiple primary malignancies can occur as either synchronous or metachronous tumors, particularly in adults. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare malignancy arising from adipose tissue, while gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide. The simultaneous occurrence of these 2 malignancies is extremely rare, with only 1 case reported worldwide. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old man diagnosed with both retroperitoneal liposarcoma and gastric adenocarcinoma, marking the second reported case in the world.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus. Echinococcus Granulosus is the most common cause of hydatid disease in humans. Bone involvement is rare, accounting for only 0.9% to 2.5% of all cases. We report the case of an 8-year-old child admitted with right arm pain, revealing a hydatid cyst on the humerus. Lesion assessment revealed a hydatid cyst of the humerus with extension to the adjacent soft tissues. The surgical procedure involved the excision of the cyst along with drainage. In this case report, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects of the disease, as well as the treatment modalities. Bone hydatid disease is infiltrative, diffuse, slow, and progressive, making diagnosis late, and compromising the quality of treatment.

Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare congenital condition characterized by a triad of septum pellucidum dysgenesis, optic nerve hypoplasia, and hypothalamic-hypophyseal dysfunction. In some cases, additional brain anomalies such as schizencephaly can occur, leading to a more complex presentation known as septo-optic dysplasia plus (SOD+). This case report describes a 2-year-old boy presenting with delayed psychomotor development and visual impairment, ultimately diagnosed with SOD+.

Gastrointestinal duplication is an infrequent congenital disorder characterized by the presence of a muscular layer covered by mucosa. Gastric duplication cysts account for approximately 2%-9% of all gastrointestinal duplication cysts. The typical clinical presentation often includes symptoms such as epigastric pain, vomiting, and the presence of a palpable abdominal mass. However, these symptoms can overlap with more common conditions. Diagnostic confirmation usually necessitates additional imaging studies, and surgical intervention is the recommended treatment approach. In this case report, we present the case of a 9-year-old girl who presented with chronic abdominal pain and vomiting. Following a comprehensive evaluation, including a CT scan and various diagnostic tests, a diagnosis of gastric duplication cyst was established. The patient subsequently underwent a laparotomy procedure, during which the cyst was completely excised. Follow-up visits indicated an uneventful recovery, with complete resolution of all symptoms. The aim of this work is to report on the clinico-radiological aspects of gastric duplication cysts and their surgical treatment.

Uterine rupture is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication. It is commonly a complication that happens in the third trimester of pregnancy. Its occurrence in early pregnancy is very rare. We report a case of a patient who presented with uterine rupture on a scarred uterus during the termination of pregnancy with misoprostol at 10 weeks' amenorrhea. In this case, we discuss the clinical warning signs, risk factors, and diagnostic methodology, and compare our approach with the literature.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), an endocrine disorder most commonly caused by parathyroid adenoma (PTA), manifests with a diverse array of symptoms, reflecting the multisystem impact of parathyroid hormone: nephrolithiasis, peptic ulcer disease, psychiatric disorders, muscle weakness, constipation, polyuria, pancreatitis, myalgia, and arthralgia. Rarely do these PTA attain a significant size. PHPT is usually diagnosed through biochemical tests, and radiological imaging characterizes the adenoma. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are useful in explaining the large adenoma size. Here, we report a rare case of a 60-year-old female from Morocco who presented with marked dyspnea due to a giant PTA.

The arteria lusoria or retroesophageal right subclavian artery is the most common malformation of the aortic arch. It may be discovered with some symptoms of airway and/or esophageal compression, such as dyspnea or dysphagia, but in most cases it is an asymptomatic pathology. We report a case of a 3 months old patient diagnosed with Down syndrome who was admitted for pulmonary infection with incidental finding of retrooesophageal right subclavian artery.

The white cerebellum sign is a concerning but uncommon radiological imaging result that is frequently seen in patients with severe, frequently irreversible anoxic-ischemic brain injury. Due to its frequent correlation with an unfavorable prognosis, radiologists must recognize this sign. We report the case of a 1 year old girl with history of epilepsy who presented with deterioration of conscious level and focal fits and brain computed tomography scan done on her revealed the white cerebellum sign.

Maldevelopment of the vagina and cervix is frequently accompanied by uterine aplasia or hypoplasia. Complete cervico-vaginal aplasia with a normally developing uterus is a very uncommon type of developmental failure. Failure to treat the condition can result in complications such as hematometra and hematosalpinx caused by the retrograde flow of blood into the fallopian tubes. In this case report, we describe the case of a 32-year-old woman experiencing cyclic abdominal pain and primary amenorrhea. The patient exhibited cervico-vaginal agenesis, with a functional uterus that was complicated by hematometra and bilateral hematosalpinx.

Multiseptated gallbladder also known as “Honeycomb gallbladder” is a rare condition that was first described by Tandon in 1963. It is described as a congenital anomaly in most of the cases. It may be asymptomatic or may lead symptoms. We present the case of a multiseptate gallbladder in a 5 year old girl who was admitted for managament of acute appendicitis.

Spinal tuberculosis usually presents as destroyed contiguous vertebral bodies associated with intervertebral discs and paravertebral or psoas abscesses. Atypical forms are uncommonly reported. Vertebral involvement without disk destruction is a rare form that improves satisfactorily after appropriate medical management. We report the case of a 36-year-old male who had spine tuberculosis without disk involvement, associated with intercurrent active pulmonary location with good clinical improvement after treatment and follow-up imaging showing spectacular regression of bone lesions. By reporting this case, we also review the literature on this rare form of tuberculosis.

Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia is an uncommon benign bone condition that predominantly affects children and typically leads to varus deformities in the proximal tibia. It was first described by Bell in 1985. The etiology remains unknown and the diagnosis is radiological; biopsy is not necessary. We present a case of a 2-year-old child who presented to our department for a right limb varus deformity caused by focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia.