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Rui Wang,1,2 Meng Li,2 Yao Wang,1 Chao Zhi Tang,3 Yuan Chen Wang4 1Department of Neurology, Henan Rongjun Hospital, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang City, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Rui Wang, Email 2360062620@qq.comObjective: To explore the effect of infection on hyperglycemic hemichorea.Methods: The clinical data of 11 patients with hyperglycemic hemichorea admitted to the Affiliated People’ s Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College and the Second People’s Hospital of Xinxiang were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, clinical symptoms, imaging features, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, infection indicators, and treatment conditions.Results: Eleven patients had acute or sub-acute onset, including 9 females and 2 males, with an average age of 74.55 years. Nine patients presented with unilateral limb involuntary movement and 2 patients presented with bilateral limb involuntary movement. Imaging findings of 9 patients showed abnormalities in the basal ganglia region. Random blood glucose levels were all elevated at admission, with an average blood glucose value of 26.20 mmol/l. Urine ketone bodies were positive in 2 patients, inflammatory indexes were elevated in 7 patients, symptoms of hypoglycemic treatment and anti-infection treatment in 10 patients disappeared, and symptoms of 1 patient disappeared after improved microcirculation treatment.Conclusion: The disease tends to occur in middle-aged and elderly women, and the blood glucose may fluctuate significantly during the onset. Infection may lead to the occurrence and development of the disease. Active control of blood sugar, inflammation and improvement of brain metabolism can effectively control symptoms and prevent recurrence.Keywords: hyperglycemia, infection, hemichorea, clinical analysis

Yunyan Zheng,1,* Weiwei Shi,1,2,* Huiying Wang,1 Ruzhi Zhang3 1Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ruzhi Zhang, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 10 Kangfu Road, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangruzhi628@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to improve the understanding of sporotrichosis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, mycological features, and pathological characteristics of the disease in eastern China.Methods: Clinical data of 49 patients diagnosed with cutaneous sporotrichosis in dermatology clinics over a 20-year period were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The analysis included patient demographics, occupations, clinical types, lesion sites, misdiagnosis rates, laboratory investigations, treatment and outcomes.Results: The study included 22 male and 27 female patients, with a mean age of 52.4 years. Farmers (42.86%) and manual workers (28.57%) had a higher risk of infection. The most common clinical types were lymphocutaneous (30.61%) and fixed (69.39%), predominantly affecting the face and upper limbs. Misdiagnosis as other infectious skin diseases occurred in 35 patients (71.43%). Fungal culture and histopathological examination were important diagnostic tools. Treatment with oral itraconazole for three months led to relief and regression of the skin lesions in most patients, although a few experienced recurrences.Conclusion: Cutaneous sporotrichosis mainly affects individuals working in agriculture and manual labour, with lymphocutaneous and fixed types being the predominant clinical manifestations. The high misdiagnosis rate emphasizes the importance of early recognition, accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment for the prognosis and cure of sporotrichosis. Fungal culture and histopathological examination are essential for diagnosis, and oral itraconazole is an effective treatment option.Keywords: sporotrichosis, cutaneous form, clinical analysis, epidemiology, misdiagnosis

Objective To explore the characteristics of systemic sclerosis with acro-ulceration (SSc-DUs) and its association with organ involvement and autoantibodies in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with SSc-DUs were analyzed retrospectively, and the sites of ulcer and organ involvement were also analyzed. The clinical data of 155 patients with systemic sclerosis without acroulcers (SSc-No-DUs) were used as controls to assess the association between SSc-DUs and organ involvement and autoantibodies. Results The most common sites of ulcers were the fingertips (51.43%), interphalangeal joints (22.86%) and toes (15.71%), while the involvements of the heel, elbow and ankle joints were relatively rare. The rates of heart failure (31.42%) and esophageal involvement (65.71%) in SSc-DUs group were higher than those in SSc-No-DUs group (both P0.05). Conclusions The ulcers in patients with SSc-DUs are more common in the fingertips and interphalangeal joints. SSc-DUs patients are more likely to have esophageal involvement and a higher incidence of heart failure. Anti-Scl-70 antibody (+), anti-SSA antibody (+), and anti-Ro-52 antibody (+) may be danger signs of the development of ulcers.

BackgroundChiari malformation type I with syringomyelia (CM-I-S) is a very common disease in neurosurgery. There are also various surgical methods. But it is controversial. There are few reports about children, especially the treatment of multi-segmental beaded syringomyelia. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical effects of atlanto-occipital decompression (AOD) in the management of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with multi-segmental beaded syringomyelia (MSBS) in pediatric patients.MethodsThis retrospective study were pediatric patients with CM-I combined with MSBS who were treated in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2023. The patients who received the AOD treatment were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcomes were assessed by comparison of pre- and postoperative clinical, Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS), the diameter and volume of the syringomyelia, morphological parameters of posterior cranial fossa (cervical spinal cord angle of medulla oblongata, CSC-MO) and complications in the enrolled children.ResultsThis study ultimately included 21 eligible pediatric patients with CM-I and MSBS. All the patients successfully completed the operation, which consists of atlanto-occipital decompression, partial resection of the posterior arch of the atlas, electrocoagulation of the cerebellar tonsil, pseudomembrane resection of the central canal orifice (latch) of the spinal cord, and artificial dura mater expansion repair. No death, no relapses, no serious neurological dysfunction and other complications. At the last follow-up, the clinical symptoms of all patients basically disappeared. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the average preoperative cerebellar tonsillar hernia was 12.4 ± 4.6 mm, and the postoperative were all above the foramen magnum. The average preoperative syringomyelia volume was 11.7 ± 3.7 cm2, and the syringomyelia disappeared or significantly shrunk after operation, with the volume unable to be accurately measured. The median preoperative CSC-MO was 132.5°, and the median postoperative CSC-MO was 150°, with a significant difference. The median preoperative pain and non-pain score of CCOS was 4 and 3 respectively. The symptoms disappeared after operation, and the score was 4. Only 5 children had cerebrospinal fluid leakage.ConclusionThe AOD is safe and effective in CM-I with MSBS in pediatric patients. Pseudomembrane resection of the central canal orifice (latch) of the spinal cord is crucial for the treatment of syringomyelia.

Qin Yang,1,2 Xiao Huang,2 Yanhong Lin,1 Ke Chen,1 Qinghua Lu,1 Weinan Lin,1 Xing Wang,2 Yishu Teng,3 Peng Jiang,3 Sandip Patil,3 Yuejie Zheng1 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sleep Centre, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sandip Patil, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +85-755-82008283, Email sandippatil1309@yahoo.com Yuejie Zheng, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email shine1990@sina.comBackground: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifaceted disorder marked by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, often coexisting with various medical conditions. This study, aimed to comprehensively analyze the Multifaceted Landscape of Pediatric Insights into Prevalence, Severity, and Coexisting Conditions. With a sample of 1928 participants, our study sought to determine the prevalence, severity, and associations between OSA and diverse conditions.Methods: Conducted retrospectively from February 2019 to April 2023, the study included pediatric patients. Data were collected through electronic health records, involving clinical assessments, medical histories, and diagnostic tests to establish OSA and coexisting condition diagnoses. Relationships between sleep parameters, apnea types, and severity indices were evaluated.Results: High OSA prevalence was evident across age groups, with severity peaking between 3 to 12 years. Among the participants, coexisting conditions included allergic rhinitis (59.6%), tonsillar hypertrophy (49.7%), adenoid hypertrophy (28.4%), and obesity (15.3%). Analysis revealed intriguing relationships between different sleep parameters and apnea types. Notable associations were observed between Obstructive Apnea (OA) and Central Apnea (CA), and Mixed Apnea (MA) displayed associations with both OA and CA. Hypopnea correlated directly with the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), reflecting its role in OSA severity.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics between pediatric OSA and coexisting conditions. The prevalence of OSA and its coexistence with various conditions underscore the need for comprehensive evaluation and management strategies. By revealing associations between different sleep parameters and apnea types, the study emphasizes the complexity of OSA diagnosis and management. These findings hold the potential to enhance clinical approaches, ultimately leading to improved care and outcomes for affected children.Keywords: pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, coexisting conditions, prevalence, severity, relationships, sleep parameters, management, clinical analysis, comprehensive evaluation, outcomes

Abstract Objective The clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with acute poisoning were analyzed to provide a reference for preventing poisoning and seeking effective prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 112 children with acute poisoning admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were collected and analyzed from different perspectives. Results The majority of acute poisoning cases that occurred in children were in early childhood and preschool age (89 cases, accounting for 79.4%). The most common types of poisoning were pesticide poisoning and drug poisoning, and the main ways of poisoning were accidental administration via the digestive tract and accidental ingestion. Poisoning occurred slightly more in spring and summer all year round, and most children had a good prognosis after timely treatment. Conclusion Acute poisoning often occurs in children. Parental education and intensified child supervision are needed to prevent the incidence of unintentional poisoning.

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and treatment options for pediatric adrenal incidentalomas(AIs) to guide the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. Methods The clinical data of AI patients admitted to our hospital between December 2016 and December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into neonatal and nonneonatal groups according to their age at the time of the initial consultation. Results In the neonatal group, 13 patients were observed and followed up, and the masses completely disappeared in 8 patients and were significantly reduced in size in 5 patients compared with the previous findings. Four patients ultimately underwent surgery, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was neuroblastoma in three patients and teratoma in one patient. In the nonneonatal group, there were 18 cases of benign tumors, including 9 cases of ganglioneuroma, 2 cases of adrenocortical adenoma, 2 cases of adrenal cyst, 2 cases of teratoma, 1 case of pheochromocytoma, 1 case of nerve sheath tumor, and 1 case of adrenal hemorrhage; and 20 cases of malignant tumors, including 10 cases of neuroblastoma, 9 cases of ganglioneuroblastoma, and 1 case of adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclusions Neuroblastoma is the most common type of nonneonatal AI, and detailed laboratory investigations and imaging studies are recommended for aggressive evaluation and treatment in this population. The rate of spontaneous regression of AI is high in neonates, and close observation is feasible if the tumor is small, confined to the adrenal gland and has no distant metastasis.

ABSTRACT Clinical metaproteomics has the potential to offer insights into the host-microbiome interactions underlying diseases. However, the field faces challenges in characterizing microbial proteins found in clinical samples, usually present at low abundance relative to the host proteins. As a solution, we have developed an integrated workflow coupling mass spectrometry-based analysis with customized bioinformatic identification, quantification, and prioritization of microbial proteins, enabling targeted assay development to investigate host-microbe dynamics in disease. The bioinformatics tools are implemented in the Galaxy ecosystem, offering the development and dissemination of complex bioinformatic workflows. The modular workflow integrates MetaNovo (to generate a reduced protein database), SearchGUI/PeptideShaker and MaxQuant [to generate peptide-spectral matches (PSMs) and quantification], PepQuery2 (to verify the quality of PSMs), Unipept (for taxonomic and functional annotation), and MSstatsTMT (for statistical analysis). We have utilized this workflow in diverse clinical samples, from the characterization of nasopharyngeal swab samples to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Here, we demonstrate its effectiveness via analysis of residual fluid from cervical swabs. The complete workflow, including training data and documentation, is available via the Galaxy Training Network, empowering non-expert researchers to utilize these powerful tools in their clinical studies.IMPORTANCEClinical metaproteomics has immense potential to offer functional insights into the microbiome and its contributions to human disease. However, there are numerous challenges in the metaproteomic analysis of clinical samples, including handling of very large protein sequence databases for sensitive and accurate peptide and protein identification from mass spectrometry data, as well as taxonomic and functional annotation of quantified peptides and proteins to enable interpretation of results. To address these challenges, we have developed a novel clinical metaproteomics workflow that provides customized bioinformatic identification, verification, quantification, and taxonomic and functional annotation. This bioinformatic workflow is implemented in the Galaxy ecosystem and has been used to characterize diverse clinical sample types, such as nasopharyngeal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Here, we demonstrate its effectiveness and availability for use by the research community via analysis of residual fluid from cervical swabs.

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and evaluate the different types of thyroid dysfunction in babies with neonatal hyperthyroidism.MethodsThe clinical data of 19 neonates with hyperthyroidism admitted to the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2012 and April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsFifteen (78.9%) infants were born to mothers with Graves’ disease. Eleven (57.9%) infants were premature; two babies were born at small for gestational age. The age at diagnosis ranged from 3 to 34 days, with a mean of 18.53 ± 6.85 days. The majority of the babies presented with goiter (84.2%) and tachycardia (94.7%) after birth. Nine (47.4%) of them presented with abnormal weight gain, seven (36.8%) presented with stare or ocular protrusion, six (31.6%) presented with hyperexcitability, four (21.1%) presented with jaundice and liver dysfunction, two (10.5%) presented with sweating, one (5.3%) presented with fever, and one case presented without any symptoms. Transient hyperthyroidism was the main thyroid dysfunction in our study. Overt hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in 13 (68.4%) neonates. Another three babies (15.8%) presented with hyperthyroidism with slightly elevated free triiodothyronine levels, normal thyroxine (T4) levels, and low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Normal thyroid hormone levels with low TSH levels were observed in three (15.8%) neonates. Ten children were treated with antithyroid drugs. Eighteen children recovered normal thyroid function at 1–3 months of age; one baby in the study group required further levothyroxine supplementation due to primary hypothyroidism (HT). One child was found to have developmental delay at 2 years of age during follow-up.ConclusionsOur study highlights the need for prolonged monitoring of thyroid function in suspected patients. A single normal screening for hyperthyroidism or the absence of a maternal history of hyperthyroidism cannot exclude this disease.

BackgroundThe clinical similarity of lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) and other papular granulomatous facial disorders often makes its correct diagnosis challenging. Diagnosis often requires the assistance of pathological examination, and dermoscopy can be used as an auxiliary and non-invasive examination method, however, the current findings remain incomplete.ObjectivesThis study aimed to summarize the clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features of LMDF in the Chinese Han population and aiming to provide practical significance to correct diagnosis.Methods109 patients of LMDF were collected in the Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from August 2015 to August 2023. The clinical and histopathological manifestations of all patients, as well as the dermoscopic image features of 44 cases, including background, follicular findings, vessels, and other structures, were summarized and evaluated.ResultsThe most significant histopathological features of LMDF in 109 cases is epithelioid granulomatous infiltrate in the superficial dermis, with or without caseation. The most significant dermoscopic features of LMDF in all 44 cases were orange structureless background (30/44), follicular plug (32/44), follicular white scar-like area (32/44), unspecific linear vessels (24/44), linear vessels with branch (24/44) and white streaks (18/44).ConclusionHistopathologically, LMDF is characterized by the presence of epithelioid granulomatous infiltrate in the superficial dermis, with or without caseation. Dermoscopically, it exhibits a distinctive orange structureless background, follicular plug, follicular white scar-like area, nonspecific linear vessels, linear vessels with branches, and white streaks.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a public health problem that must be addressed through the early detection of specific biomarkers and effective treatment. To address this critical issue, it is imperative to implement effective methodologies for specific biomarker detection of lung cancer in real clinical samples. Electrochemical methods, including microfluidic devices and biosensors, can obtain robust results that reduce time, cost, and assay complexity. This comprehensive review will explore specific studies, methodologies, and detection limits and contribute to the depth of the discussion, making it a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in lung cancer diagnosis.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate specific clinical diagnostic methods for children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) complicated by acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 171 cases of IM diagnosed in the infectious disease ward of Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2020 and December 2020. All IM patients underwent abdominal ultrasound examinations to assess the liver, gallbladder, and spleen. Fourteen patients with symptoms of AAC underwent a follow-up assessment one week later.ResultsThe estimated incidence of AAC in hospitalized IM children was 8.2%. Both groups of patients presented with fever, abdominal pain, and eyelid edema upon admission. Characteristic radiological findings of AAC were observed, including gallbladder (GB) distention, increased GB wall thickness and increased common bile duct diameter. Analysis of laboratory results revealed no statistically significant differences in leukocyte, absolute lymphocyte count, CD3+, CD3 + CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), or Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels between the AAC(+) and AAC(−) groups on admission. However, these parameters were not significant risk factors for AAC. After discharge, relevant indicators in non-AAC patients gradually decreased to normal levels, while those in AAC(+) patients did not show a significant decrease.ConclusionWhile cases of IM complicated by AAC are relatively uncommon, the utilization of abdominal ultrasound offers a reliable tool for confirming this diagnosis. Routine abdominal ultrasound examinations are recommended for IM patients to improve early detection and treatment of associated conditions.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of endovideoscopic urethra-sparing simple prostatectomy via an extraperitoneal approach (EUSP) for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods. In the period from January 2021 until September 2022 8 patients underwent EUSP. Initial clinical datas, perioperative and postoperative outcomes, implications, IPSS questionnaires, IIEF-5 and ejaculatory datas have been evaluated. The technique of the present method was adopted from Ping Wang, Dan Xia, SunYi Ye, DeBo Kong, Jie Qin, TaiLe Jing, YeQing Mao, HongZhou Meng, Shuo Wang (2018). Results. Seven (87.5%) patients underwent EUSP successfully, 1 (12.5%) patient needed conversion into open simple prostatectomy. Mean time of operation was 171 minutes (150–185), mean blood loss was 232 ml (180–300). In 2 (25%) cases urethral reconstruction after damage was needed. Mean catheterization time was 1.5 days (1–4). According to Clavien–Dindo classification (2004) such complications were found: low degree – 2 (1 or 2 group), 3а group – 1 (severe hematuria, when bladder infusion is needed). Mean management time was 8.4 months (6–11). Results from post-operative questionnaire IPSS (p0.1) и QoL (p0.1) significantly improved. Totally 4 patients had secure erectile function: 3 of them had normal erection, the last one (1) – retrograde ejaculation. Conclusion. EUSP is technically applicable for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patients have shorter time of catheterization, risk profile, significant improvement of urination и support of antegrade ejaculation.

Abstract Trephine bone marrow biopsy is an effective technique for diagnosing hematological malignancies in patients of different ages. During trephine biopsy, bone marrow cores are obtained for detailed morphological evaluation to look for any abnormality and arrive at a diagnosis. The primary goal of this work is to perform a survey on Indian patients of various ages for the trephine bone marrow biopsy process. In the present study, data related to 274 trephine biopsy samples from 300 patients were acquired at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, India. Pain was found to be the sole major procedure-related complication, and patients reported no/less pain in 41 BMB (14.96%) patients, moderate pain in 82 (29.92%) cases, and unbearable pain in 151 (55.1%) BMB cases. In addition, the patients were evaluated by the authors and hematologist as non-anxious for the procedure in 34 (12.4%), anxious in 92 (33.57%), and very/highly anxious in 148 (56%) cases. The bone texture of the patients significantly affected the needle bending, number of repetitions required, and size of the bone marrow sample. This demonstrates the need for improvement in the biopsy procedure. To this end, a survey was conducted to assess the numerous difficulties and diagnostic outcomes throughout the trephine biopsy process.

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB), also known as Sanfilippo syndrome type B, is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in both alleles of the NAGLU gene encoding for the enzyme α-N-acetylglucosaminidase. A malfunction of this enzyme causes inability to degrade heparan sulfate, which leads to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the cells. MPS IIIB is associated with different symptoms such as neurodegeneration, extreme hyperactivity, sleeping problems, aggressive behavior, reduced fear, and cognitive deterioration. The condition is by now not curable. Here we describe a patient with MPS IIIB diagnosed at the age of 5 presenting with communication problems, motor dysfunctions, and speech and sleeping problems.Standard biochemical tests for neurodegenerative disorders and DNA analyses including NAGLU mutation screening were performed. We also did some psychological tests assessing the patient’s communication skills and behavior. The patient was heterozygote for two mutations in the gene NAGLU (Y140C and Ser169fs). Thus, he suffered from MPS IIIB due to two mutations in the disease-causing gene.The patient presented with clear signs and symptoms of MPS IIIB with at least one of the two mutations affecting the α-N-acetylglucosaminidase protein function severely. Here we report the combination of a well-known and previously unreported mutation in the NAGLU gene; this could be dependent on geographical origin of the patient, which needs to be clarified by molecular studies of more MPS IIIB patients from Southeast Europe.

Aim. To estimate the efficacy of endovideoscopic simple prostatectomy via extraperitoneal research as treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods. In the period since January 2021 until May 2022 45 males with prostatic volume 60 g have underwent extraperitoneal endovideoscopic retropubic prostatectomy was. Endovideoscopic research consisted of standard technical steps: the creation of preperitoneal workspace, hemostasis control in the area of lateral peduncles and dorsal venous complex, anterior transverse incision of prostatic capsule, simple prostatectomy and organ extraction. Results. Mean weight of resected prostatic tissue was 79.3±17.4 g. Mean operation time was 104.3±25.4 min. No conversion into open prostatectomy was needed. Blood transfusion was provided in 3 patients. After 6 months 40 patients demonstrated decrease of mean IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) from 25.5±2.4 to 6.2±2.1, increase of Qmax from 6.1±2.8 to 18.7±3.4 ml/s. No patients had urinary incontinence. Conclusion. Endovideoscopic retropubic simple prostatectomy via extraperitoneal research (Millin’s method) is workable and technically simple surgical method.

The present work proposes the development of a simple and easy-to-make microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) as a prototype chromatic device for the simultaneous determination of copper and zinc in urine. The µPAD comprises a main circular sampling zone with two identical arms, each containing a circular pretreatment zone and a circular detection zone. Copper(II) and zinc(II) react with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) reagent, at pH 6.0 and room temperature, to form chelates colored red and pink, respectively, that can be quantified by digital imaging analysis. The colorimetric reaction sensitivity significantly improved by coating the paper substrate surface with 5% 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and applying three successive additions of standard or sample onto the sampling zone, without any prior sample preparation step. These combined analytical strategies increased the color intensity of the metal chelates formed on µPAD surface, allowing to detect the desired elements at trace level concentrations. The reaction interferences associated with the presence of foreign elements were eliminated or reduced through the addition of masking agents at different concentrations for each case. Under optimized conditions, excellent linear relationships were obtained in the range 0.1−10 µg mL−1, with determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9957. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), respectively, were 27.1 µg L−1 and 90.3 µg L−1 for copper and 35.9 µg L−1 and 119.7 µg L−1 for zinc. The developed prototype device was validated by analyzing urine certified material samples, obtaining a good concordance without significant difference between the certified values and the measured values. Its application for clinical analysis offers simple, quick, cheap, noninvasive, and environmentally friendly measurements, which are desirable analytical features for point-of-care testing.

Dermatology, as a highly intuitive clinical discipline, requires dermatologists to apply their own knowledge and clinical experience to make a reasonable diagnosis for various skin diseases. However, the diagnosis results are largely affected by the subjective consciousness of dermatologists, and there is a certain misdiagnosis rate, especially in areas with low medical levels. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more accurate, objective, and efficient auxiliary diagnostic tools to improve the diagnostic level of skin diseases. Facing an increasing number of patients and higher requirements for accurate diagnosis of diseases, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has attracted considerable attention in the field of dermatology. As a nonorganism, the computer is not affected by subjective consciousness, emotion, fatigue, and other factors in the recognition process. It helps to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and assists human doctors to provide objective and accurate diagnosis results. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of AI in the diagnosis and application of skin cancers, acne, rosacea, onychomycosis, psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and eczema diseases at home and abroad in recent years, hoping to help dermatologists have a deeper understanding of AI.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of dental trauma and provide data support for clinical work and health education, the clinical data of patients in the Guangzhou area were reviewed. Methods The clinical data of patients attending the general Emergency Department of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2017 to January 2022 were analyzed according to gender, age, trauma cause, trauma type, tooth position and trauma duration, and postoperative time of trauma. Results The ratio of males to females was 1.07:1, and the ratio of patients aged 10-19 years was 2.76:1. Falls and collisions were the main causes of the trauma. Concussion and uncomplicated crown fracture were the most frequent subcategories of dental trauma. For tooth position, the upper maxillary middle incisors had the highest rate of trauma, followed by the maxillary lateral incisors. January and December were the two months with the highest incidence of trauma, while the rate of dental trauma on weekends was slightly higher than on weekdays, and 77.81% of patients visited within 24 h after the trauma. Conclusion Dental trauma commonly occurs in the adolescent maxillary incisors, and crown fracture and concussion are the main types of injury. The major causes are falls and collisions. The general population should pay more attention to strengthening the protection of teeth during outdoor activities and learn emergency dental treatment methods. At the same time, dentists should be more skilled in the treatment of dental trauma, and uncommon types of dental trauma should be given more attention to avoid poor outcomes.

Injection of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium can be used for systemic and/or local infections, including soft tissue infection, bacterial septicemia, bone and joint infection, multiple bacterial infection （various bacterial infections in suspected infection sites）. As a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of burns and wounds, the most common adverse reactions are skin reactions, gastrointestinal symptoms and anaphylaxis. However, central nervous system symptoms, such as convulsion or numbness, are extremely rare. In this article, clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and literature review was performed. The diagnosis and treatment of one case of systemic muscle tremor and numbness induced by injection of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium were reported, aiming to captivate the attention of clinicians, deepen the understanding of adverse reactions induced by this kind of drugs, reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

Abstract Background Clinical neurology is difficult for young residents. To familiarize with neurological emergencies as soon as possible for young doctors, the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were analyzed. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the urgent inpatient neurologic consultations in a large tertiary hospital for 4 consecutive years. Results A total of 1437 cases were included, and the annual consultation cases gradually decreased from 573 to 257, involving 29 clinical departments. The disorders of urgent inpatient neurologic consultations were divided into three categories: neurological disorders (77.8%), non‐neurological disorders (10.4%), and undiagnosed disorders (11.8%), common causes in consultation were disturbance of consciousness (36.0%), convulsions/stiffness (13.6%), limb weakness (8%), and mental disorder (5.6%). Common neurological disorders included acute cerebrovascular disease (33.6%), epilepsy/status epilepticus (15.8%), and metabolic or infectious toxic encephalopathy (14.9%). Conclusion Urgent inpatient neurologic consultations involve multidisciplinary critical diseases, mainly neurological diseases. The standardized training of residents may help to rapidly improve the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment ability of young residents and is suitable for use in hospitals at all levels.

Background: Right ventricular involvement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is uncommon. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes of the modified septal myectomy in patients diagnosed with biventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (BHCM), a subject seldom explored in the literature. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2019 to January 2023, enrolling 12 patients with BHCM. Each patient underwent a modified septal myectomy and was followed postoperatively. Clinical data and echocardiographic parameters, including the ventricular outflow tract peak pressure gradient and maximum interventricular septum thickness, were collected and analyzed. Results: The study cohort had a median age of 43.0 (interquartile range 14.5–63.0) years at surgery, with four patients (33.3%) being children. Two patients (16.7%) previously underwent percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation. Surgical relief of biventricular outflow tract obstruction (BVOTO) was achieved in five patients (41.7%), aside from those managed solely for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In five instances, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology assisted in surgical planning. The postoperative interventricular septum thickness was significantly reduced (21.0 mm preoperative vs. 14.5 mm postoperative, p < 0.001), effectively eliminating residual ventricular outflow tract obstruction. There were no severe complications, such as septal perforation or third-degree atrioventricular block. During a mean follow up of 21.2 ± 15.3 months, no sudden deaths, residual outflow tract obstruction, permanent pacemaker implantation, recurrent systolic anterior motion, or reoperations were reported. Conclusions: Our findings affirm that the modified septal myectomy remains the gold standard treatment for BHCM, improving patient symptoms and quality of life. BVOTO relief can be safely and effectively achieved through septal myectomy via transaortic and pulmonary valve approaches in selected patients. For intricate cases, the application of 3D printing technology as a preoperative planning tool is advised to optimize surgical precision and safety.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and evaluate the diagnostic value of Metagenomic Next‐Generation Sequencing (mNGS). A total of 44 patients diagnosed with Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia using mNGS were retrospectively analysed. The demographic and clinical features, laboratory data, imaging findings and clinical outcomes were collected. Results showed that 65.91% of the patients had a history of exposure to poultry or birds. All patients presented with fever. Apart from systemic and respiratory symptoms, some patients also presented with digestive and neurological symptoms. Respiratory failure was common among patients. The key laboratory tests were normal white blood cell counts, slightly elevated PCT, changes in levels of cardiac enzymes, liver enzymes and hyponatremia. Chest imaging revealed that most of the lesions contained patchy exudation or lobar consolidation of one lobe, especially in the lower lobe. Consolidation of both lungs was seen in critically ill patients. Although quinolones were effective in most patients, tetracyclines should be the first choice of treatment. The overall prognosis was good; however, patients who developed severe pneumonia had poor prognosis. The incidence of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia may be underestimated due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations and lack of confirmatory testing methods. The use of mNGS has increased the number of patients diagnosed with chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. mNGS is an effective diagnostic method for chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.

Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor. Effective screening methods for ovarian cancer are lacking because early symptoms and signs are not significant and the onset is elusive. The incidence of ovarian cancer complicated with ovarian abscess or malignant transformation from ovarian abscess to ovarian cancer is extremely low. The diagnosis depends on clinical laboratory examinations, pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining. Surgery is the main treatment, supplemented with chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. Clinical efficacy is not satisfactory. In this article, medical records and related literature reviews were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a case of ovarian adenocarcinoma complicated with ovarian abscess were reported, aiming to captivate extensive attention from clinicians, deepen the understanding of this type of disease, and provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment.

Summary: Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of systemic administration combined with microwave ablation (MWA) under computed tomography (CT) and fiberoptic bronchoscope for treating lung cancer. Methods: Sixty-six patients with advanced lung cancer admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were collected and divided into control group and experimental group with 33 patients in each group. The control group was treated with systemic administration, and the experimental group was treated with systemic administration combined with MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope. Overall response rate (ORR), adverse events (AEs) during treatment, and survival analysis were used to evaluate the curative effect of lung cancer treatment in each group. Results: MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope could safely remove the cancerous tissues by point burning without destroying the adjacent normal tissues with high success rate. The ORR of the control group was 24.4%, and that of the experimental group was 63.6%, which was better than the control group. The AEs occurred during treatment in each group were of level 1 or level 2, and no serious life-threatening AEs occurred. Progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OS) time in the experimental group were both longer than those in the control group. Patients treated with MWA had a lower risk of disease progression and death than those treated with systemic administration alone. Conclusion: The treatment of lung cancer using systemic administration combined with MWA under CT and fiberoptic bronchoscope is more effective than using systemic administration alone, which can be promoted in clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and enzyme replacement therapy(ERT) of Fabry disease (FD) in children.MethodsThe clinical data, laboratory tests, genetic variations and treatment of 10 FD children diagnosed in Shandong Provincial Hospital from September 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAmong the 10 cases from 6 families, 7 patients were boys of 4 to 13 years of age, and 3 were girls of 12 to 15 years of age. There were 7 symptomatic patients, including 6 boys and 1 girl. All 7 patients presented with acral neuralgia. Five patients had little or no sweating. Five patients presented with cutaneous angiokeratoma. Two patients had abdominal pain. One patient developed joint symptoms. Four patients had corneal opacity. One patient had hearing loss; one patient had short stature. One patient had mild proteinuria and 1 patient had dysplasia of the right kidney with decreased eGFR (55.28 ml/min.1.73 m2). The left ventricular mass index was slightly elevated in 1 patient. Three patients had mild obstructive ventilatory dysfunction; a small amount of effusion in the intestinal space of the lower abdomen or mild fatty liver was found in 2 patients. Partial empty sella turcica in 1 patient. A total of 6 GLA gene variants were detected in 10 children, among which C.1059_1061delGAT (p.met353del) was a newly discovered mutation. Five children received ERT, of which 4 were treated with agalsidase beta and 1 was treated with agalsidase alpha. Only 1 patient had anaphylaxis. Lyso-GL-3 levels decreased significantly in the first 3 months of ERT initiation and remained relatively stable thereafter in 3 patients. The Lyso-GL-3 level was decreased, but renal impairment continued to progress in 1 patient treated with agalsidase alpha.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations of FD in childhood are diverse, and it is necessary to make a definite diagnosis by combining family history, enzyme activity, biomarkers, gene testing and other indicators. Pedigree screening and high-risk population screening are helpful for early identification, early diagnosis and early treatment. No serious adverse reactions were found during the short-term treatment with agalsidase alpha and beta.

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical technique where ions are separated in the gas phase based on their mobility through a buffer gas in the presence of an electric field. An ion passing through an IMS device has a characteristic collisional cross section (CCS) value that depends on the buffer gas used. IMS can be coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), which characterizes an ion based on a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), to increase analytical specificity and provide further physicochemical information. In particular, IMS-MS is of ever-increasing interest for the analysis of lipids, which can be problematic to accurately identify and quantify in bodily fluids by liquid chromatography (LC) with MS alone due to the presence of isomers, isobars, and structurally similar analogs. IMS provides an additional layer of separation when combined with front-end LC approaches, thereby, enhancing peak capacity and analytical specificity. CCS (and also ion mobility drift time) can be plotted against m/z ion intensity and/or LC retention time in order to generate in-depth molecular profiles of a sample. Utilization of IMS-MS for routine clinical laboratory testing remains relatively unexplored, but areas do exist for potential implementation. A brief update is provided here on lipid analysis using IMS-MS with a perspective on some applications in the clinical laboratory.

Introduction and Objectives: Liver injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant- and Omicron subvariant-infected patients is unknown at present, and the aim of this study is to summarize liver injury in these patients. Patients and Methods: In this study, 460 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients were enrolled. Five severe or critical patients were excluded, and 34 patients were also excluded because liver injury was not considered to be related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Liver injury was compared between Omicron and non-Omicron variants- and between Omicron subvariant-infected patients; additionally, the clinical data related to liver injury were also analyzed. Results: Among the 421 patients enrolled for analysis, liver injury was detected in 76 (18.1%) patients, including 46 Omicron and 30 non-Omicron variant-infected patients. The ratios did not differ between Omicron and non-Omicron variant-, Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 subvariant-infected patients (P>0.05). The majority of abnormal parameters of liver function tests were mildly elevated (1-3 × ULN), the most frequently elevated parameter of liver function test was γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT, 9.5%, 40/421), and patients with cholangiocyte or biliary duct injury markers were higher than with hepatocellular injury markers. Multivariate analysis showed that age (>40 years old, OR=1.898, 95% CI=1.058–3.402, P=0.032), sex (male gender, OR=2.031, 95% CI=1.211–3.408, P=0.007), serum amyloid A (SAA) level (>10 mg/ml, OR=3.595, 95% CI=1.840–7.026, P

Gastric cancer is the abnormal growth of stomach cells. The symptoms of this disease include difficulty in swallowing, heartburn, stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial and genetic disease, and many genes and factors are involved in it. DCC and CDH1 are the genes silenced by hypermethylation in gastric cancer and play an influential role in suppressing gastric cancer tumors. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the genome and proteome level and evaluation and comparison of the expression of DCC and CDH1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the CDH1 gene is more expressed in the thyroid gland and Parathyroid gland and the DCC gene is more expressed in the testis, hippocampal formation, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebral cortex, and hypothalamus. The expression analysis of these genes showed that both genes generally are more active in glands and have little expression in other body organs. Cellular analysis of DCC and CDH1 genes by antibodies that bind to the proteins of the target genes showed that both genes are active in the Golgi apparatus, with the difference that the DCC gene is more present in the nucleus and the CDH1 gene is more present in the plasma membrane. The expression level of the CDH1 gene is relatively higher than that of the DCC gene. Also, phenotypic studies of the DCC gene showed that this gene is related to colorectal cancer, and it was found that the CDH1 gene is effective in Blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1. Finally, considering the role of CDH1 and DCC genes as tumor suppressor genes, these items can be used for targeted treatments in gastric cancer.

The utilization of electrochemical detection techniques in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) has revolutionized point-of-care (POC) testing, enabling the precise and discerning measurement of a diverse array of (bio)chemical analytes. The application of electrochemical sensing and paper as a suitable substrate for point-of-care testing platforms has led to the emergence of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). The inherent advantages of these modified paper-based analytical devices have gained significant recognition in the POC field. In response, electrochemical biosensors assembled from paper-based materials have shown great promise for enhancing sensitivity and improving their range of use. In addition, paper-based platforms have numerous advantageous characteristics, including the self-sufficient conveyance of liquids, reduced resistance, minimal fabrication cost, and environmental friendliness. This study seeks to provide a concise summary of the present state and uses of ePADs with insightful commentary on their practicality in the field. Future developments in ePADs biosensors include developing novel paper-based systems, improving system performance with a novel biocatalyst, and combining the biosensor system with other cutting-edge tools such as machine learning and 3D printing.

Background and Aim: When analyzing the gain-frequency response of a hearing aid, data can be analyzed both clinically and statistically. This study aimed to investigate and compare the gain-frequency responses using statistical and clinical analyses under active digital noise reduction (DNR-on) and inactive digital noise reduction (DNR-off) conditions. Methods: The gain-frequency responses of a hearing aid for one of the most well-known commercial digital hearing aid manufacturers were measured using the FP35 hearing aid analyzer (Frye Electronics Inc., USA) by presenting two types of signals (digital speech and composite noise) at input levels of 65 and 80 dB SPL under the DNR-on and DNR-off conditions. Data analysis was performed both statistically (using Wilcoxon signed rank test) and clinically (using 3 dB difference criterion). Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the gain-frequency responses for all speech and noise input levels between the two conditions; while a clinically significant difference was observed only at noise input levels of 65 and 80 dB SPL. Conclusion: For analyzing the hearing aid performance, both clinical and statistical analyses should be considered.

Abstract Background In the clinical setting, workflows for analyzing individual genomics data should be both comprehensive and convenient for clinical interpretation. In an effort for comprehensiveness and practicality, we attempted to create a clinical individual whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis workflow, allowing identification of genomic alterations and presentation of neurooncologically-relevant findings. Methods The analysis workflow detects germline and somatic variants and presents: (1) germline variants, (2) somatic short variants, (3) tumor mutational burden (TMB), (4) microsatellite instability (MSI), (5) somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), (6) SCNA burden, (7) loss of heterozygosity, (8) genes with double-hit, (9) mutational signatures, and (10) pathway enrichment analyses. Using the workflow, 58 WES analyses from matched blood and tumor samples of 52 patients were analyzed: 47 primary and 11 recurrent diffuse gliomas. Results The median mean read depths were 199.88 for tumor and 110.955 for normal samples. For germline variants, a median of 22 (14–33) variants per patient was reported. There was a median of 6 (0–590) reported somatic short variants per tumor. A median of 19 (0–94) broad SCNAs and a median of 6 (0–12) gene-level SCNAs were reported per tumor. The gene with the most frequent somatic short variants was TP53 (41.38%). The most frequent chromosome-/arm-level SCNA events were chr7 amplification, chr22q loss, and chr10 loss. TMB in primary gliomas were significantly lower than in recurrent tumors (p = 0.002). MSI incidence was low (6.9%). Conclusions We demonstrate that WES can be practically and efficiently utilized for clinical analysis of individual brain tumors. The results display that NOTATES produces clinically relevant results in a concise but exhaustive manner.

Personalized health care (PHC) includes personalized, preventive, predictive and participatory approaches that are significant in new diagnostics. This personal health care requires fast, accurate and minimally invasive diagnostic tools that make it possible to evaluate and monitor the process of disease by diagnosing specific disease biomarkers. Point-of-care testing (POCT) involves a wide range of diagnostic tools that meet this purpose. Electrochemical paper-based devices (ePADs) have been introduced as simple, inexpensive, portable and disposable measurement devices to be used in many POCT applications, especially in handling emergencies and outpatient as well as remote usages. Electrochemical detection is a real quantitative detection method with better sensitivity, selectivity and detection limits than indirect measurement methods. In recent years, there has been a revolution in quantitative detections by POCT, thanks to the benefits of electro­chemical sensors and paper substrates. In this paper, recent developments in ePADs, focus­ing on the properties of paper, reasons for its use in the devices, techniques of device and electrode fabrications, and their application particularly in clinical diagnosis, are reviewed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the one‐stage repair of a posterior oblique ligament avulsion fracture combined with a medial collateral ligament injury. Methods This study was a retrospective trial. From February 2007 to May 2017, five patients with posterior oblique ligament avulsion fracture combined with medial collateral ligament injury were included in this study. The patients were aged 37–58 years old with a mean of 45.2 years. All patients underwent the primary repair of a posterior oblique ligament avulsion fracture and medial collateral ligament injury. The main observational index included Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, and range of motion (ROM). Results The results showed that the average time of follow‐up was 53.6 months (range, 20–86 months). When compared to preoperative scores, the preoperative Lysholm score was significantly increased (47.8 ± 5.1 vs 95.0 ± 3.7, P

This article describes selected historical milestones in the field of neutral ionophore-based sensors, starting with the first discovery by Wilhelm Simon and their impact to analytical sciences despite the initial difficulty to understand their function. The reader is then guided through topics in which the author has been involved over the years, from understanding thermodynamic aspects to the field of non-equilibrium potentiometry, polyion sensors, trace level potentiometry, instrumentally controlled ion sensors and finally potentiometry involving local perturbations and transient currents that allow for new readout possibilities. Discussed applications include clinical diagnostics, environmental in situ sensing/profiling and speciation analysis. The article loosely follows the content of the Simon-Widmer Award lecture of the same title presented by the author at the CH Analysis 2019 conference in Beatenberg, Switzerland.

ABSTRACT Bacterial resistance is a reality in both human and veterinary health, it limits the therapeutic arsenal and raises the costs of the patient’s treatment. A dog with signs of cystitis received treatment with 5mg/kg enrofloxacin at three consecutive times, with low effectiveness. The presence of urethral uroliths was identified and urohydropulsion was done. The animal presented a new obstruction, for which a cystotomy was performed, but continued with signs of infection. Uroculture and antimicrobial susceptibility test were then performed. Escherichia coli was identified, which was resistant to 13 antibiotics, being sensitive only to piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin. In the screening test for β-lactamase, the production of ESβL was detected. The qPCR indicated the presence of the bla CTXm, bla DHA, bla OXA, bla IMP, bla TEM, bla GIM, bla SIM, bla SPM and bla SME genes, which may lead to a phenotypic resistance profile for ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, cefepime cefoxitin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam. This case reaffirms the value that laboratory analysis adds to the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis and urolithiasis, which can define the direction of evolution of the prognosis and the speed at which the patient's health will be restored.

This article analyzes the serum electrolyte disturbances of patients through deep learning algorithms. Among the 104 patients with electrolyte disturbances, 6 cases of serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium electrolyte disturbances have occurred, the proportion of occurrence The order is sodium > chlorine > calcium > potassium > phosphorus > magnesium. This paper proposes a deep learning algorithm for serum electrolyte disorder, and analyzes and implements the functions at various levels according to the characteristics of the Hadoop framework. The system includes electronic medical records shared storage, distributed realization of definite learning algorithms, classification and recognition of myocardial ischemia by deep learning, and Web system assisting doctor diagnosis, which lays the foundation for the construction of serum electrolyte disorder scientific research data center. In order to explore this relationship, without artificially extracting features, a deep learning model of convolution and long-term and short-term memory circulation neural network cascade was proposed to determine the positive or negative myocardial ischemia by classifying serum disorders. Conduct clinical experiments, including patients with suspected coronary heart disease and coronary angiography as the research object, taking coronary angiography results as the detection standard. Experimental results show that the model has an accuracy of 89.0% for detecting myocardial ischemia, a sensitivity of 91.7%, and a specificity of 81.5%. A linear combination model of CNN and LSTM is proposed to classify and recognize serum electrolyte disorders. Determine the learning theory to dynamically model the ST-T segment in the ECG to obtain serum electrolyte disturbance, which more vividly shows the changes in electrical information under myocardial ischemia. In order to reveal the relationship between serum electrolyte disturbance and myocardial ischemia, this paper builds a neural network model to learn and train serum electrolyte disturbance data to realize the classification of positive or negative myocardial ischemia. Tests on serum electrolyte disturbance data collected in clinical experiments show that this model can better achieve early detection of myocardial ischemia.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have gained growing interest among researchers worldwide, due to their key features that make these materials interesting candidates for implementation as receptors into sensor applications. In fact, MIP-based glucose sensors could overcome the stability issues associated with the enzymes present in commercial glucose devices. Various reports describe the successful development of glucose MIPs and their coupling to a wide variety of transducers for creating sensors that are able to detect glucose in various matrices. In this review, we have summarized and critically evaluated the different production methods of glucose MIPs and the different transducer technologies used in MIP-based glucose sensors, and analyzed these from a commercial point of view. In this way, this review sets out to highlight the most promising approaches in MIP-based sensing in terms of both manufacturing methods and readout technologies employed. In doing so, we aim at delineating potential future approaches and identifying potential obstacles that the MIP-sensing field may encounter in an attempt to penetrate the commercial, analytical market.

OBJECTIVE: To determine Clinical presentation and risk factors of Ectopic pregnancy to highlight and drawing attention for early diagnosis and prompt management. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from January 2018 to December 2018. During one year of study period, 25 cases of ectopic pregnancies were enrolled in the study. In all cases age, parity, gestational age, risk factors, signs and symptoms, site of ectopic pregnancy and surgical intervention were noted on Performa and data was analyzed, results depicted in charts and tables. RESULTS: Most patients aged between 20-30 years with gestational age of 2 months, in parity 08 were primigravida, 06 were gravida 1, 05 were gravida 2, 03 in each gravida 3 and 4. One patient had a history of miscarriage, 02 underwent infertility treatment, 03 had previous ectopic pregnancy, 02 patients with previous cesarean section, while 08 patients given the history of pelvic inflammatory diseases. Six patients were diagnosed clinically while 15 cases through abdominal ultrasound and 4 through transvaginal ultrasound. Amenorrhea was present in 22 patients, vaginal bleeding in 20 cases and lower abdominal pain in 18 cases, while 08 patients presented in shock. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis prevents complications such as rupture of ectopic pregnancy, which end up with excision of fallopian tube or ovary badly affecting fertility.

The aim was to better understand the clinical characteristics of patients with mucormycosis in western China. We retrospectively investigated the clinical, laboratory, radiological and treatment profiles of mucormycosis patients during a 10-year period (2010–2019). As a result, 59 proven mucormycosis were enrolled in this study. It was found that 52.5% of patients had worse clinical outcomes. Pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) was the most common clinical manifestation. The most frequent risk factor was diabetes mellitus (38, 64.4%) for mucormycosis patients. Cough (43, 93.5%), fever (24, 52.2%) and hemoptysis/bloody phlegm (21, 45.7%) were the most common manifestations of PM. There were no differences in clinical manifestations, risk factors and laboratory tests between different clinical outcome groups (P>0.05). Lymph node enlargement (30, 65.2%), patchy shadows (28, 60.9%), cavitation (25, 53.3%) and bilateral lobe involvement (39, 84.8%) were the most common on chest CT. Nodule was more common in good outcome group (P

From 2018 to 2020, the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak re-emerged in Thailand with a record of more than 10,000 cases up until the end of 2020. Here, we studied acute CHIKV-infected patients who had presented to the Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases from 2019 to 2020 by assessing the relationship between viral load, clinical features, and serological profile. The results from our study showed that viral load was significantly high in patients with fever, headache, and arthritis. We also determined the neutralizing antibody titer in response to the viral load in patients, and our data support the evidence that an effective neutralizing antibody response against the virus is important for control of the viral load. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CHIKV strains we studied belonged to the East, Central, and Southern African (ECSA) genotype, of the Indian ocean lineage (IOL), and possessed E1-K211E and E1-I317V mutations. Thus, this study provides insight for a better understanding of CHIKV pathogenesis in acute infection, along with the genomic diversity of the current CHIKV strains circulating in Thailand.

AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)in preterm infants with very low birth weight. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of 3 121 premature infants who were admitted to the ophthalmic clinic and neonatal department of our hospital from December 2009 to June 2018 and underwent fundus examination. There were 1 862 males and 1 259 females. Among them, there were 400 premature infants with very low birth mass whose body mass was less than 1 500g. 191 males and 209 females. To compare the detection rate of ROP, gestational age, gender ratio, diagnosis time of ROP, severity of ROP and prevalence of other eye diseases, among different birth quality groups in preterm infants with extremely low birth mass.RESULTS: In this study, 3 121 premature infants were screened, and the ROP detection rate was 8.2%(255/3 121). There were 400 premature infants with very low birth mass with a body mass less than 1 500g, ROP detection rate was 23.8%(95/400), stage 1-2 lesions that do not require treatment were 93.7%(89/95), pre-threshold and threshold lesions were 3.2%(3/95), stage 4-5 lesions were 3.2%(3/95). ROP detection rates of birth weight(g)PP>0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of other eye diseases in different birth weight groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The lower of birth weight, with the higher of incidence of ROP. The severity of ROP in preterm infants with birth weight

Abstract Background Congenital tuberculosis is rare and carries a high mortality rate. Our objective was to summarize the current experience of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with congenital tuberculosis. Methods In total, 73 reported cases of congenital tuberculosis published in Chinese and 19 patients with congenital tuberculosis admitted to West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, were retrospectively reviewed. Results Sixty-four male and 28 female patients were identified. The majority of the patients were less than 3 weeks old at the time of presentation (range, 0–67 days). With regard to the tuberculosis type, 89 patients had pulmonary tuberculosis, and 20 patients had hepatic tuberculosis. There was active tuberculosis in 71 mothers, no tuberculosis in 12 mothers, and an unknown history of tuberculosis in 9 mothers. Fever, cyanosis, jaundice, shortness of breath, cough, pulmonary moist rales, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and abdominal distention were the main clinical symptoms at the time of presentation. The abnormal ratios of chest, abdomen and head radiographic images were 97.53, 75 and 81.25%, respectively. The positive rates of acid-fast staining of sputum smears and tuberculosis bacillus DNA were 62.50 and 66.67%, respectively. The misdiagnosis rate was 59.78%. The overall mortality due to congenital tuberculosis was 43.48%. Respiratory failure was the most common cause of death. Sixty-five patients received anti-tuberculosis therapy, and of those, only 16 (15.38%) died. Conclusions The clinical manifestations and radiographic findings of congenital tuberculosis are nonspecific. It is important to thoroughly evaluate the mothers of infants with suspected congenital tuberculosis. Good outcomes can be achieved in infants with the early identification of congenital tuberculosis and early administration of anti-tuberculosis treatment.

AIM:To analyse of refractive regression after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in moderate and high myopic eyes.METHODS:A retrospective study. Thirty patients(60 eyes)with refractive regression after LASIK in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected for statistical analysis. According to preoperative refraction, they were divided into three groups: moderate myopia group(-10.00D). The visual acuity, diopter, corneal curvature, CCT, intraocular pressure, ocular axis and residual corneal matrix thickness were analyzed before and after surgery.RESULTS:The refractive regression rate was 8.6%(60/700 eyes). At 6mo after operation, the refractive regression of the patients were as follows: moderate myopia group, 1.31±0.15D, high myopia group, 1.76±0.23D, ultra-high myopia group: 2.53±0.35D(PPPP>0.05), but there was difference between the two groups(PPP>0.05).CONCLUSION: The occurrence of refractive regression after LASIK is related to preoperative refraction. High myopia and ultra-high myopia may have refractive regression due to progressive growth of eye axis, while moderate myopia may have refractive regression due to increased corneal thickness and corneal curvature changes caused by post-operative matrix repair.

To study the Sustained Low Efficiency Dialysis (SLED) in the treatment of end-stage renal disease with refractory heart failure and the clinical curative effect of refractory hypertension. choose department of Nephrology, third People's Hospital of Gansu Province of 54 cases of end-stage renal disease with refractory heart failure. The patients with intractable hypertension were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 27 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Intermittent HemoDialysis (IHD), the observation group was treated with SLED for 2 weeks. The levels of Scr, mean arterial pressure (MAP), BUN, heart rate (HR), CRP, IL-1β, TNF-α, TP, Alb and Hb in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and Closer to normal. The continuous low-efficiency and slow approach is better than the intermittent approach for hemodialysis in the treatment of end-stage renal disease complicated by refractory heart failure and refractory hypertension, which has a better treatment and prognostic effect, and can be promoted in clinical treatment.

Purpose Renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs), which include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-2 receptor 1 blockers (ARBs), have been reported to be associated with lung cancer metastasis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Until now, very limited clinical data for RASBs’ diagnostic and prognostic effects has existed for lung cancer chemotherapy in Chinese patients. Methods There were a total of 678 lung cancer patients with hypertension, of which 461 (68%) were in the non-RASBs group and 217 (32%) were in the RASBs group. Patients’ gender, age, smoking status, histologic differentiation, tumor size, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage and progression-free survival (PFS) were retrospectively analyzed between these two groups. The clinical effects of ACEIs and ARBs in lung cancer patients were compared via t tests, and χ2 test, and potential prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results Significant differences were observed in lymph node metastasis between the RASBs and non-RASBs groups. The RASBs group (62.8% vs 71.7%, p = 0.037) and ARBs group (60.0% vs 71.7%, p = 0.030) had lower lymph node metastasis, and patients with RASBs had a lower pathological stage than those in non-RASBs groups (67.1% vs 77.4%, p = 0.044 ). The PFS of the RASBs (10.7 vs. 6.7 months, p = 0.040) and ACEIs (12.9 vs 6.7 months, p = 0.021) groups were longer than that of the non-RASBs group, while no statistical difference was shown between the ACEIs and ARBs groups. Moreover, the significant results of PFS were further confirmed in pathological stage III–IV patients. In the non-RASB group, 55% of patients took calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and the ACEIs group have a significantly longer PFS compared to the non-CCBs group (6.4 vs 12.9 months, p = 0.036). Conclusion In this study, we showed that the use of RASBs is a positive factor for pathological stage and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to actively evaluate medical history, especially the use of anti-hypertension medication, in patients with lung cancer and reflect medical history in the treatment and management plans of these patients.

The development of diagnostic tools for measuring a wide spectrum of target analytes, from biomarkers to other biochemical parameters in biological fluids, has experienced a significant growth in the last decades, with a good number of such tools entering the market. Recently, a clear focus has been put on miniaturized wearable devices, which offer powerful capabilities for real-time and continuous analysis of biofluids, mainly sweat, and can be used in athletics, consumer wellness, military, and healthcare applications. Sweat is an attractive biofluid in which different biomarkers could be noninvasively measured to provide rapid information about the physical state of an individual. Wearable devices reported so far often provide discrete (single) measurements of the target analytes, most of them in the form of a yes/no qualitative response. However, quantitative biomarker analysis over certain periods of time is highly demanded for many applications such as the practice of sports or the precise control of the patient status in hospital settings. For this, a feasible combination of fluidic elements and sensor architectures has been sought. In this regard, this paper shows a concise overview of analytical tools based on the use of capillary-driven fluidics taking place on paper or fabric devices integrated with solid-state sensors fabricated by thick film technologies. The main advantages and limitations of the current technologies are pointed out together with the progress towards the development of functional devices. Those approaches reported in the last decade are examined in detail.

Emerging and validated biomarkers promise to revolutionize clinical practice, shifting the emphasis away from the management of chronic disease towards prevention, early diagnosis and early intervention. The challenge of detecting these low abundance protein and nucleic acid biomarkers within the clinical context demands the development of highly sensitive, even single molecule, assays that are also capable of selectively measuring a small number of defined analytes in complex samples such as whole blood, interstitial fluid, saliva or urine. Success relies on significant innovations in nanomaterials, bioreceptor engineering, transduction strategies and microfluidics. Primarily using examples from our work, this article discusses some recent advance in the selective and sensitive detection of disease biomarkers, highlights key innovations in sensor materials and identifies issues and challenges that need to be carefully considered especially for researchers entering the field.