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PD-L1 (CD274) amplification occurs in a small subset of malignancies and may predict anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy responsiveness. We hypothesized that both copy number (CN) and focality of cancer-related PD-L1 amplifications impact protein expression, and, thus, analyzed solid tumors that underwent comprehensive genomic profiling between March 2016 and February 2022 at Foundation Medicine. PD-L1 CN alterations were detected using a comparative genomic hybridization-like method. PD-L1 CN changes were correlated with PD-L1 protein expression (DAKO 22C3 antibody) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Overall, 60,793 samples were analyzed (most frequent histologies: lung adenocarcinoma (20%), colon adenocarcinoma (12%), lung squamous carcinoma (8%)). Using a definition of CD274 CN ≥ specimen ploidy +4 (6 copies), 1.21% of tumors (738/60,793) were PD-L1 amplified. Focality category distribution was as follows:

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors may be associated with multiple immune-related toxicities. Cardiovascular adverse effects are underreported in clinical trials. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate cardiovascular adverse effects incidence among patients with solid tumors receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors in randomized clinical trials and the relative risk of presenting these effects compared to placebo or best supportive care. The search was conducted through MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases from January 1st, 2010 until July 1st, 2020. Outcomes were reported following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: 57 randomized clinical trials including 12,118 patients were included. All grade CV AEs incidence rate was 8.32% (95% CI = 6.35%-10.53%). When only grade 3–5 CV AEs were considered, ICIs were significantly associated with increased risk than placebo or BSC (RR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.06–1.73; p = 0.01). Conclusion: This meta-analysis corroborates the hypothesis of increased CV risk related to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

There has been a rapid increase in the volume of genomic data gathered from different cancers, this has helped to develop new tumor classifications as well as to select better tailored therapies for the patients. Some of the genomic markers identified are also prognostic and predictive factors. Additionally, many technologies have been used to investigate these alterations, each with different benefits and caveats. The Genomics Committee from the Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Clínica (SBOC) put together a group of specialists, from different regions of Brazil that work both in the private and public scenario, to gather and organize the information regarding the utility of somatic mutation testing in solid tumors. This special article summarizes their recommendations on how to better incorporate this information into clinical practice.

Background: Renal cell cancer (RCC) is one of the 10 most common cancers in the world, and its incidence is increasing, whereas mortality is declining only in developed countries. Therefore, two collaborative groups, The Latin American Oncology Cooperative Group-Genitourinary Section (LACOG-GU) and the Latin American Renal Cancer Group (LARCG), held a consensus meeting to develop this guideline. Methods: Issues (134) related to the treatment of RCC were previously formulated by a panel of experts. The voting panel comprised 26 specialists (urologists and medical oncologists) from the LACOG-GU/LARCG. A consensus was reached if 75% agreement was achieved. If there was less concordance, a new discussion was undertaken, and a consensus was determined by the most votes after a second voting session. Results: The expert meeting provided recommendations that were in line with the global literature; 75.0% of the recommendations made by the panel of experts were evidence-based level A, 22.5% of the recommendations were level B, and 2.5% of the recommendations were level D. Conclusions: This review suggests recommendations for the surgical treatment of RCC according to the LACOG-GU/LARCG experts.