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BackgroundOutbreaks of silicosis have occurred among workers in the artificial stone (AS) industry, and there is currently no effective antifibrosis treatment for silicosis.DesignA retrospective cohort study.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 89 artificial stone-associated silicosis patients treated in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (China). Patients who agreed to be administered tetrandrine entered the observation group and those who disagreed entered the control group. Changes in chest HRCT, pulmonary function, and clinical symptoms of patients in two groups were compared pre- and post-treatment.ResultsAfter treatment for 3–12 months, 56.5%–65.4% of patients in the observation group showed improvements in HRCT imaging, while there was no improvement in the control group (p 0.05), respectively, while those in the control group decreased (145.8 ± 356.5; 107.5 ± 272.1; 1.9 ± 3.8). After 6 months of treatment, FVC, FEV1, and DLco in the observation group increased by 207.8 ± 372.2 mL (p > 0.05), 107.8 ± 295.2 mL (p > 0.05) and 0.7 ± 6.0 mL/min/mmHg (p > 0.05), respectively, while those of the control group decreased (383.3 ± 536.7; 215.6 ± 228.9; 1.4 ± 1.7). The incidences of clinical symptoms such as cough, expectoration, dyspnea, chest tightness, and chest pain in the observation group were decreased-after treatment (all p 0.05).ConclusionTetrandrine can control and delay the progression of AS-associated silicosis fibrosis, with improved chest HRCT imaging and pulmonary function.