10 results on '"Isabell Brikell"'
Search Results
2. Cumulative ADHD medication use and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults: a Swedish Register study
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Lin Li, Soffia Gudbjörnsdottir, Shengxin Liu, Henrik Larsson, Brian M D’Onofrio, Le Zhang, Zheng Chang, Agnieszka Butwicka, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Ebba Du Rietz, Isabell Brikell, and Zihan Dong
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Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background Little is known about the impact of cumulative attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).Objective The objective is to examine the association between cumulative use of ADHD medication and risk of incident T2D.Methods A nested case–control study was conducted in a national cohort of individuals aged 18–70 years with incident ADHD (n=138 778) between 2007 and 2020 through Swedish registers. Individuals with incident T2D after ADHD were selected as cases (n=2355) and matched with up to five controls (n=11 681) on age at baseline, sex and birth year. Conditional logistic regression models examined the association between cumulative duration of ADHD medication use and T2D.Findings Compared with no use, a decreased risk of T2D was observed for those on cumulative use of ADHD medications up to 3 years (ORs: 03 years, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.12)). When investigating medication types separately, methylphenidate showed results similar to main analyses, lisdexamfetamine showed no association with T2D, whereas long-term (>3 years) use of atomoxetine was associated with an increased risk of T2D (OR: 1.44 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.04)).Conclusion Cumulative use of ADHD medication does not increase the risk for T2D, with the exception of long-term use of atomoxetine.Clinical implications Findings suggest that clinicians should be aware of the potential risk of T2D associated with the cumulative use of atomoxetine among patients with ADHD; however, further replication is strongly needed.
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- 2024
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3. Multi-PGS enhances polygenic prediction by combining 937 polygenic scores
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Clara Albiñana, Zhihong Zhu, Andrew J. Schork, Andrés Ingason, Hugues Aschard, Isabell Brikell, Cynthia M. Bulik, Liselotte V. Petersen, Esben Agerbo, Jakob Grove, Merete Nordentoft, David M. Hougaard, Thomas Werge, Anders D. Børglum, Preben Bo Mortensen, John J. McGrath, Benjamin M. Neale, Florian Privé, and Bjarni J. Vilhjálmsson
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The predictive performance of polygenic scores (PGS) is largely dependent on the number of samples available to train the PGS. Increasing the sample size for a specific phenotype is expensive and takes time, but this sample size can be effectively increased by using genetically correlated phenotypes. We propose a framework to generate multi-PGS from thousands of publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with no need to individually select the most relevant ones. In this study, the multi-PGS framework increases prediction accuracy over single PGS for all included psychiatric disorders and other available outcomes, with prediction R 2 increases of up to 9-fold for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to a single PGS. We also generate multi-PGS for phenotypes without an existing GWAS and for case-case predictions. We benchmark the multi-PGS framework against other methods and highlight its potential application to new emerging biobanks.
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- 2023
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4. Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
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Lin Li, Honghui Yao, Le Zhang, Miguel Garcia‐Argibay, Ebba Du Rietz, Isabell Brikell, Marco Solmi, Samuele Cortese, J. Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga, Marta Ribasés, Zheng Chang, and Henrik Larsson
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attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder ,cardiovascular diseases ,meta‐analysis ,observational studies ,systematic review ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co‐occurs with other psychiatric and physical diseases. However, available evidence on associations between ADHD and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is mixed. To systematically review, quantitatively synthesize, and appraise available evidence on the link between ADHD with CVDs, we searched relevant articles in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to May 1, 2022. Study quality was assessed by using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale, and random‐effects model meta‐analyses were performed. A total of 18,391,169 (ADHD: n = 421,224) individuals from 11 studies were included in our systematic review and 8,196,648 (ADHD = 332,619) individuals from five studies were included in the main meta‐analysis of adjusted estimates. Pooled estimates showed that ADHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVDs in analyses based on adjusted effect size (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19–2.23, Q = 140.74, PQ
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- 2023
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5. Temporally ordered associations between type 2 diabetes and brain disorders – a Danish register-based cohort study
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Theresa Wimberley, Henriette T. Horsdal, Isabell Brikell, Thomas M. Laursen, Aske Astrup, Giuseppe Fanelli, Janita Bralten, Geert Poelmans, Veerle Van Gils, Willemijn J. Jansen, Stephanie J. B. Vos, Valérie Bertaina-Anglade, Lucia Camacho-Barcia, Bernat Mora-Maltas, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Mònica B. Bonet, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Barbara Franke, and Søren Dalsgaard
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Epidemiology ,Insulin signaling ,Neurological disorders ,Psychiatric disorders ,Temporally ordered analysis ,Type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked with several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, either as a comorbid condition or as a risk factor. We aimed to expand the evidence by examining associations with a broad range of brain disorders (psychiatric and neurological disorders, excluding late-onset neurodegenerative disorders), while also accounting for the temporal order of T2DM and these brain disorders. Methods In a population-based cohort-study of 1,883,198 Danish citizens, born 1955–1984 and followed until end of 2016, we estimated associations between T2DM and 16 brain disorders first diagnosed between childhood and mid-adulthood. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in temporally ordered analyses (brain disorder diagnosis after T2DM and vice versa), adjusted for sex, age, follow-up, birth year, and parental factors. Results A total of 67,660 (3.6%) of the study population were identified as T2DM cases after age 30 and by a mean age of 45 years (SD of 8 years). T2DM was associated with most psychiatric disorders. Strongest associations were seen with other (i.e. non-anorectic) eating disorders (OR [95% CI]: 2.64 [2.36–2.94]) and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (2.73 [2.63–2.84]). Among neurological disorders especially inflammatory brain diseases (1.73 [1.57–1.91]) and epilepsy (1.67 [1.60–1.75]) were associated with T2DM. Most associations remained in both directions in the temporally ordered analyses. For most psychiatric disorders, associations were strongest in females. Conclusions T2DM was associated with several psychiatric and neurological disorders, and most associations were consistently found for both temporal order of disorders. This suggests a shared etiology of T2DM and those brain disorders. This study can form the starting point for studies directed at further elucidating potential causal links between disorders and shared biological mechanisms.
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- 2022
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6. The role of ADHD genetic risk in mid-to-late life somatic health conditions
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Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Ebba du Rietz, Yi Lu, Joanna Martin, Elis Haan, Kelli Letho, Sarah E. Bergen, Paul Lichtenstein, Henrik Larsson, and Isabell Brikell
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Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Growing evidence suggests that ADHD, an early onset neurodevelopmental disorder, is associated with poor somatic health in adulthood. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are poorly understood. Here, we tested whether ADHD polygenic risk scores (PRS) are associated with mid-to-late life somatic health in a general population sample. Furthermore, we explored whether potential associations were moderated and mediated by life-course risk factors. We derived ADHD-PRS in 10,645 Swedish twins born between 1911 and 1958. Sixteen cardiometabolic, autoimmune/inflammatory, and neurological health conditions were evaluated using self-report (age range at measure 42–88 years) and clinical diagnoses defined by International Classification of Diseases codes in national registers. We estimated associations of ADHD-PRS with somatic outcomes using generalized estimating equations, and tested moderation and mediation of these associations by four life-course risk factors (education level, body mass index [BMI], tobacco use, alcohol misuse). Results showed that higher ADHD-PRS were associated with increased risk of seven somatic outcomes (heart failure, cerebro- and peripheral vascular disease, obesity, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and migraine) with odds ratios ranging 1.07 to 1.20. We observed significant mediation effects by education, BMI, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse, primarily for associations of ADHD-PRS with cardiometabolic outcomes. No moderation effects survived multiple testing correction. Our findings suggests that higher ADHD genetic liability confers a modest risk increase for several somatic health problems in mid-to-late life, particularly in the cardiometabolic domain. These associations were observable in the general population, even in the absence of medical treatment for ADHD, and appear to be in part mediated by life-course risk factors.
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- 2022
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7. Harnessing Twitter data to survey public attention and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in the UK
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Seena Fazel, Le Zhang, Babak Javid, Isabell Brikell, and Zheng Chang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Attitudes to COVID-19 vaccination vary considerably within and between countries. Although the contribution of socio-demographic factors to these attitudes has been studied, the role of social media and how it interacts with news about vaccine development and efficacy is uncertain. We examined around 2 million tweets from 522,893 persons in the UK from November 2020 to January 2021 to evaluate links between Twitter content about vaccines and major scientific news announcements about vaccines. The proportion of tweets with negative vaccine content varied, with reductions of 20–24% on the same day as major news announcement. However, the proportion of negative tweets reverted back to an average of around 40% within a few days. Engagement rates were higher for negative tweets. Public health messaging could consider the dynamics of Twitter-related traffic and the potential contribution of more targeted social media campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy.
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- 2021
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8. Genetic association study of childhood aggression across raters, instruments, and age
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Hill F. Ip, Camiel M. van der Laan, Eva M. L. Krapohl, Isabell Brikell, Cristina Sánchez-Mora, Ilja M. Nolte, Beate St Pourcain, Koen Bolhuis, Teemu Palviainen, Hadi Zafarmand, Lucía Colodro-Conde, Scott Gordon, Tetyana Zayats, Fazil Aliev, Chang Jiang, Carol A. Wang, Gretchen Saunders, Ville Karhunen, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Daniel E. Adkins, Richard Border, Roseann E. Peterson, Joseph A. Prinz, Elisabeth Thiering, Ilkka Seppälä, Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Felix R. Day, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Andrea G. Allegrini, Kaili Rimfeld, Qi Chen, Yi Lu, Joanna Martin, María Soler Artigas, Paula Rovira, Rosa Bosch, Gemma Español, Josep Antoni Ramos Quiroga, Alexander Neumann, Judith Ensink, Katrina Grasby, José J. Morosoli, Xiaoran Tong, Shelby Marrington, Christel Middeldorp, James G. Scott, Anna Vinkhuyzen, Andrey A. Shabalin, Robin Corley, Luke M. Evans, Karen Sugden, Silvia Alemany, Lærke Sass, Rebecca Vinding, Kate Ruth, Jess Tyrrell, Gareth E. Davies, Erik A. Ehli, Fiona A. Hagenbeek, Eveline De Zeeuw, Toos C.E.M. Van Beijsterveldt, Henrik Larsson, Harold Snieder, Frank C. Verhulst, Najaf Amin, Alyce M. Whipp, Tellervo Korhonen, Eero Vuoksimaa, Richard J. Rose, André G. Uitterlinden, Andrew C. Heath, Pamela Madden, Jan Haavik, Jennifer R. Harris, Øyvind Helgeland, Stefan Johansson, Gun Peggy S. Knudsen, Pal Rasmus Njolstad, Qing Lu, Alina Rodriguez, Anjali K. Henders, Abdullah Mamun, Jackob M. Najman, Sandy Brown, Christian Hopfer, Kenneth Krauter, Chandra Reynolds, Andrew Smolen, Michael Stallings, Sally Wadsworth, Tamara L. Wall, Judy L. Silberg, Allison Miller, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Christian Hakulinen, Laura Pulkki-Råback, Alexandra Havdahl, Per Magnus, Olli T. Raitakari, John R. B. Perry, Sabrina Llop, Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard, Jordi Sunyer, Terho Lehtimäki, Louise Arseneault, Marie Standl, Joachim Heinrich, Joseph Boden, John Pearson, L. John Horwood, Martin Kennedy, Richie Poulton, Lindon J. Eaves, Hermine H. Maes, John Hewitt, William E. Copeland, Elizabeth J. Costello, Gail M. Williams, Naomi Wray, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Matt McGue, William Iacono, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Andrew Whitehouse, Craig E. Pennell, Kelly L. Klump, S. Alexandra Burt, Danielle M. Dick, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Nicholas G. Martin, Sarah E. Medland, Tanja Vrijkotte, Jaakko Kaprio, Henning Tiemeier, George Davey Smith, Catharina A. Hartman, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Miquel Casas, Marta Ribasés, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundström, Robert Plomin, Meike Bartels, Michel G. Nivard, and Dorret I. Boomsma
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Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Childhood aggressive behavior (AGG) has a substantial heritability of around 50%. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAMA) of childhood AGG, in which all phenotype measures across childhood ages from multiple assessors were included. We analyzed phenotype assessments for a total of 328 935 observations from 87 485 children aged between 1.5 and 18 years, while accounting for sample overlap. We also meta-analyzed within subsets of the data, i.e., within rater, instrument and age. SNP-heritability for the overall meta-analysis (AGGoverall) was 3.31% (SE = 0.0038). We found no genome-wide significant SNPs for AGGoverall. The gene-based analysis returned three significant genes: ST3GAL3 (P = 1.6E–06), PCDH7 (P = 2.0E–06), and IPO13 (P = 2.5E–06). All three genes have previously been associated with educational traits. Polygenic scores based on our GWAMA significantly predicted aggression in a holdout sample of children (variance explained = 0.44%) and in retrospectively assessed childhood aggression (variance explained = 0.20%). Genetic correlations (r g ) among rater-specific assessment of AGG ranged from r g = 0.46 between self- and teacher-assessment to r g = 0.81 between mother- and teacher-assessment. We obtained moderate-to-strong r g s with selected phenotypes from multiple domains, but hardly with any of the classical biomarkers thought to be associated with AGG. Significant genetic correlations were observed with most psychiatric and psychological traits (range $$\left| {r_g} \right|$$ r g : 0.19–1.00), except for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Aggression had a negative genetic correlation (r g = ~−0.5) with cognitive traits and age at first birth. Aggression was strongly genetically correlated with smoking phenotypes (range $$\left| {r_g} \right|$$ r g : 0.46–0.60). The genetic correlations between aggression and psychiatric disorders were weaker for teacher-reported AGG than for mother- and self-reported AGG. The current GWAMA of childhood aggression provides a powerful tool to interrogate the rater-specific genetic etiology of AGG.
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- 2021
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9. The association between polygenic scores for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and school performance: The role of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, polygenic scores for educational attainment, and shared familial factors
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Andreas Jangmo, Isabell Brikell, Ralf Kuja‐Halkola, Inna Feldman, Sebastian Lundström, Catarina Almqvist, Cynthia M. Bulik, and Henrik Larsson
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ADHD ,polygenic scores ,school performance ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Polygenic scores (PGS) for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) negatively predicts educational attainment (EA), but it remains unclear how ADHD symptoms, PGS for EA, and shared familiar factors influence the associations between PGS for ADHD and school performance. Method We combined survey data on ADHD symptoms, PGS, and register‐based, objective measures of compulsory school performance at age 16 for 6049 twins in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden. Linear and instrumental variable (IV) regression models were used to estimate the association between PGS for ADHD and grade point average (GPA), overall and by natural science, humanities, and practically oriented (e.g., sports, arts, music) subject categories. The models were adjusted for parent‐rated ADHD symptoms, PGS for EA, and shared familial factors (dizygotic twin comparisons) to examine how these factors influenced the associations between PGS for ADHD and school performance. Results PGS for ADHD were negatively associated with school performance; β = −0.12, 95% confidence interval = (−0.15, −0.09) for overall GPA with minor differences by subject category. Adjustment for ADHD symptoms attenuated these associations to a small degree compared to PGS for EA, and shared familial factors respectively. Stronger associations were observed using IV regressions compared to linear regression. However, in the IV regression analyses, most associations between PGS for ADHD and GPA in the practically oriented subject category were not significant. Conclusion Associations between PGS for ADHD and school performance are to a small degree influenced by ADHD symptoms, compared to PGS for EA and shared familial factors. These results highlight important considerations for research using PGS for ADHD to control for genetic factors, and for future clinical applications aiming to determine genetic liability towards ADHD.
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- 2021
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10. Correction: The role of ADHD genetic risk in mid-to-late life somatic health conditions
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Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Ebba du Rietz, Yi Lu, Joanna Martin, Elis Haan, Kelli Lehto, Sarah E. Bergen, Paul Lichtenstein, Henrik Larsson, and Isabell Brikell
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Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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