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Introduction: the basis of disease is the occurrence of disorders at the molecular level, so the health professional should be able to understand the varied internal manifestations of a disease caused by alterations in the biomolecules that systemically interact and the important role that the oxidative stress plays in this process. Objective: to make a literature review on the oxidative stress and the diseases affecting the oral cavity. Methods: a literature review was made in the period of September 2014 through January 2016. MEDLINE, PubMed and SciELO databases were consulted; the subject headings were oxidative stress in oral diseases in Spanish and in English. Several articles in English and Spanish and publications of the last five years, in addition to 6 articles published prior to this period, were all included. A total of 110 articles were reviewed, but for the study, 49 were selected on account of a more comprehensive approach on these topics. Data analysis and integration: the oxidative stress is closely related to periodontal disease, mucositis, pulpal diseases, Sjögren syndrome, burning mouth syndrome, oral aphthas and premalignant lesions such as leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. Conclusions: there is association of the oxidative stress and many other diseases affecting the oral cavity, which has an impact on the pathogenesis of many diseases.

Introducción: El miedo al odontólogo es una sensación desagradable experimentada por la mayoría de los pacientes. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes atendidos en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana con presencia de miedo al odontólogo. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasversal en 200 pacientes adultos que acudieron a consulta estomatológica en la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana, desde Septiembre del 2012 a Marzo del 2014. Se trabajó con todo el universo. Se aplicó, como base para esta investigación, un cuestionario de miedos dentales y se examinó el estado de salud bucal, mediante índices epidemiológicos internacionales. Resultados: 90 pacientes presentaron mucho miedo representando 45%. Los pacientes con miedo al odontólogo, que tuvieron el estado de salud bucal medianamente favorable, representaron el 83%. De los que tienen miedo, 144 pacientes no tienen percepción de riesgo de contraer una enfermedad bucal (82%). Conclusiones: Predominó la categoría de mucho miedo al odontólogo en los estudiados. Correspondió la presencia de miedo al odontólogo con el estado de salud bucal. La mayoría de los pacientes que tenían miedo al odontólogo no tenían percepción de riesgo de contraer una enfermedad bucal.

Introduction: The combination of non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft and distraction osteogenesis in a second surgical intervention has only been described to achieve alveolar ridge augmentation. This technique is not recommended to treat bone defects of the jaws caused by firearm projectile. Case presentation: 40-year-old woman with a segmental mandibular defect in the mandible body caused by the impact of a firearm projectile at the age of 1 year. The patient developed a severe Class II dentofacial anomaly that required a two-stage treatment; she underwent mandibular reconstruction with free iliac crest bone graft followed by a bilateral mandibular distraction at the level of the iliac crest bone graft. With these interventions, a remarkable improvement of the patient's malformation was achieved. Conclusion: Horizontal distraction of the free iliac crest bone graft is a safe and predictable procedure to treat dentolabial anomalies requiring mandibular reconstruction. This procedure was performed in the patient without complications. Further studies on the effectiveness of this technique are required.