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Abstract Background Given that the Medication Use Review (MUR) can be used as a tool to improve the quality, safety, and appropriate use of medications, it has been implemented in several countries around the world. The MUR pilot project was carried out in Latvia, followed by this study to identify obstacles, favorable factors, and benefits of this service from the perspective of pharmacists, being one of the key stakeholders. Methods Qualitative data were obtained through a semi-structured focus group interview with pharmacists participating in the project. Inductive thematic analysis was performed on transcript to describe potential gains, obstacles, and prerequisites for implementing the MUR service from the pharmacist’s perspective. Results Lack of payment, cooperation with physicians, problems with patient involvement and insufficiency of competence, were identified as the main barriers to implementation of the MUR service as a pharmacist-led service in community pharmacy. However, there were also contributing factors for MUR service, such as the interest of patients and pharmacists involved in the project, the support from the employer, the benefit for physicians, the improvement of patient health literacy and medication adherence. Conclusions Despite the potential obstacles, the findings in Latvia, as well as other countries, show that the MUR service contributes to the benefit of patients, pharmacists and also physicians; therefore, further steps should be taken to eliminate obstacles and gain additional insights to implement the MUR service in Latvia.

The Tawny owl (Strix aluco) is a common owl species in Europe, demonstrating generalist diet strategy. Its main prey are small rodents and numerous studies show that the composition of its diet broadly reflects changes in prey species abundance in its habitats. Due to strictly sedentary habits of adult birds and their year-round territoriality, it is possible to locate habitats of their prey with a precision of several hundred metres. Analysis of owl pellets is a traditional method in faunistic studies to provide data on distribution of small mammals, especially cryptic species which are hard to be found using trapping.Here, we present a dataset on mammals found in Tawny owl pellets collected during up to 13-year studies in the Kharkiv Region, Ukraine in three territories. Data from two territories were collected in a systematic way and allowed us to make analysis of seasonal, year-to-year and habitat variability in the Tawny owl diet and local mammal species composition.

ObjectiveTo investigate gene frequency of MNS and Mur blood group system in Li ethnic group in Hainan province and the differences in the genes′ distribution compared to other ethnic groups for providing references to the establishment of rare blood group bank and clinical blood transfusion. MethodsThe study was conducted in Limu Mountain area of Qiongzhong county in Hainan province during January 2020 and the voluntary participants were 300 permanent residents (180 males and 120 females aged 18 – 60 years) being Li nationality within three generations and without serious diseases and familial genetic diseases. Venous blood samples (3 – 5 ml for each sample) were collected from all the participants. MNS and Mur blood group alleles were detected and genotyped with sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) and the gene frequencies were analyzed and compared with other ethnic groups in China. ResultsThe number of participants with various phenotypes of MNS blood group were 199 for MM, 93 for MN, 8 for NN, 1 for SS, 15 for Ss, and 284 for ss; the allele frequencies were 0.8183 for M, 0.1817 for N, 0.0283 for S, and 0.9717 for s, respectively. The participants′ distributions of MNS blood group allele frequencies were significantly different from those of Han ethnic groups in Yueyang city of Hunan province/Chengdu city of Sichuan province/Yuncheng city of Shanxi province, Hui/Uygur/Kazak ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Tibetan ethnic group in Tibet Autonomous Region, and Yi ethnic group in Sichuan province (P < 0.01 for all). The number of participants with various phenotypes of Mur blood group were 173 for Mur + , 127 for Mur –, with the allele frequencies of 0.5767 for Mur + and 0.4233 for Mur –; the participants′ Mur blood group allele frequencies were significantly different from those of Han ethnic groups in Shanghai city/Xi′an city of Shanxi province/Panyu city of Guangdong province/Sichuan province/Yueyang city of Hunan province and Man ethnic group in Harbin city of Heilongjiang province (P < 0.001 for all). The antigen incompatibility rates of M/N and S/s were 25.76% and 5.35%, respectively. ConclusionThe genetic status of MNS and Mur blood group system genes remains relatively stable in Li ethnic group in Hainan province. The gene frequencies of MNS blood group system are polymorphic, and the frequency of Mur blood group positive gene is higher, indicating unique ethnic distribution characteristics compared with that in other ethnic groups in China.

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is at the core of many processes in the oceans. Various remote sensing platforms have been used to obtain SST products of different scales, but their validation remains a topic of ongoing research. One promising platform is an uncrewed surface vehicle called Saildrone. We use the data from eight Saildrone deployments of the USA West Coast 2019 campaign to validate MODIS level-2 and Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) level-4 satellite SST products at 1 km spatial resolution and to assess the robustness of the quality levels of MODIS level-2 products over the California Coast. Pixel-based SST comparisons between Saildrone and the satellite products were performed, as well as thermal gradient comparisons computed both at the pixel-base level and using kriging interpolation. The results generally showed better accuracies for the MUR products. The characterization of the MODIS quality level proved to be valid in areas covered by bad-quality MODIS pixels but less valid in areas covered by lower-quality pixels. The latter implies possible errors in the MODIS quality level characterization and MUR interpolation processes. We have demonstrated the ability of the Saildrones to accurately validate near-shore satellite SST products and provide important information for the quality assessment of satellite products.

In Morocco, as in Tunisia, the political integration of the two main Islamist parties has given rise to a project of «specialisation» aimed at introducing a distinction between partisan activities and associative and preaching activities. Starting from the trajectories of the Ennahdha party and the Moroccan PJD, this article proposes to highlight the differences in the «specialization» processes initiated by the two parties. This transformation is analysed here as referring to a separation between political activists and preachers. It underlines the complex relations between the PJD and the MUR, as well as between the militants of Ennahdha and the associative field in the light of the «specialisation». It also identifies the phenomenon of movement of members of different organisations between the political domain and the sphere of social and religious action. The analysis shows that in the two studied cases the «specialisation» does not lead to an effective separation between partisan action and social and preaching activity and does not eliminate the porosity of the limits between politics and religion.

In order to realize the modeling and numerical simulation of the electromagnetic field distribution and wave propagation in interconnects of interposers for three-dimensional integration, the Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) method is used in this paper to reveal the propagation of two-dimensional TE(Transverse Electric) wave. Variations of the magnetic field at the boundary are compared when adding Mur and PML(Perfectly Matched Layer) absorbing boundary conditions respectively. The error curves and isophasal lines are plotted to validate the absorbing performance of these two boundary conditions. The results show that PML can be used as the absorbing boundary of a two-dimensional TE wave to ensure a more appropriate absorbing effect in engineering simulation.

This study proposes a method to detect ocean fronts from in situ temperature and density glider measurements. This method is applied to data collected along the CalCOFI Line 90, south of the California Current System (CCS), over the 2006–2013 period. It is based on image-processing techniques commonly applied to sea surface temperature (SST) satellite data. Front detection results using glider data are consistent with those obtained in other studies carried out in the CCS. SST images of the Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR) dataset were also used to compare the probability of occurrence or front frequency (FF) obtained with the two datasets. Glider and MUR temperatures are highly correlated. Along Line 90, frontal frequency exhibited the same maxima near the transition zone (~130 km offshore) as derived from MUR and glider datasets. However, marked differences were found in the bimonthly FF probability with high (low) front frequency in spring-summer for glider (MUR) data. Methodological differences explaining these contrasting results are investigated. Thermohaline-compensated fronts are more abundant towards the oceanic zone, although most fronts are detected using both temperature and density criteria, indicating a significant contribution of temperature to density in this region.

Elegy is one of the most common and existing genres in the literature of most languages and dialects. The southern Kurdish literature that is known with feyli and Kalhori dialects, has also not gone away from the use of this genre of literature. In a kind of elegy that is called “Pâêa muri” or "Mur" in the southern Kurdish region, the honors, praised personality traits, good morals, and sometimes physical appearance of the dear deceased ones are counted. Sometimes, the speaker in this memorial speaks for his own sufferings as well. The woman, the man of the house, and the child are among the privileged individuals mentioned in the Kurdish elegies. The authors of this research collected these musicals with field surveys among older men and women - as the main guardians of the suspicion. In order to explain Mur as one of the cultural phenomena, in addition to categorizing, they examined the content and explained and analyzed them.

The article discusses the phenomenon of border fences erected in the 1990s in Ceuta and Melilla. The fences are understood as objects which have a specific agency and whose existence raises a number of activities in the political sphere, as well as having a strong impact on the symbolic sphere. On the one hand, as a consequence of the material existence of fences, there are nume-rous decisions made that influence practical legal solutions concerning immigrants. Immigrants themselves are also forced to take actions and decisions they would not do without the physical presence of the fence. On the other hand, recordings and photos of people who try to cross it serve as the visual message contributing to the creation of a simplified and negative image of immigrants in Europe. Furthermore, fences constitute a material representation of a new spatial paradigm existing in the world, which consists in exclusion and strengthens the binary opposition between a “worse” and “better world”.

En el artículo se abordan las características del enfrentamiento que se produjo en 1856 cuando Juan Francisco Mur, en El Chicote, desenmascaró a Bartolomé Mitre como fundador y como principal redactor de El Padre Cobos, periódico escrito íntegramente de incógnito para desacreditar a sus adversarios políticos en las elecciones de 1857. La autora da cuenta del modus operandi al que dio lugar y que derivó en el allanamiento y en la destrucción de la Imprenta del Plata, operativo del que participaron Mitre y Domingo F. Sarmiento, con la connivencia de los diarios El Nacional, La Tribuna y El Orden.

Le livre de l’écrivan mexicain Luis Humberto Crosthwaite, Instrucciones para cruzar la frontera (Joaquín Mortiz, México, 2002), est un prétexte pour réaliser une promenade littéraire dans l’œuvre de Crosthwait et celles d’auteurs tels que Paz et Cercas, et donc l’analyse socio-historique d’un mur et de deux villes, deux territoire, deux pays, deux conceptions du monde, opposées et complémentaires à la fois. La souffrance et la jouissance de l’espace urbain entre le côté « laid » (Tijuana) et le côté « agréable » (San Diego). L’auteur insiste sur la place symbolique du mur et sa relation directe avec le développement et le sous-développement des deux « mondes ». Il avance l’idée selon laquelle une ville telle que Tijuana sera toujours condamnée à chercher constamment sa propre identité.

This article deals with the evolution of the building of security walls (peacelines) in Belfast. It aims at understanding this evolution in parallel to the transformation in law and order policies and the security situation. After the military and policing approach of the beginning follows the politicisation of the question and a growing involvement of the civil society in the 1990s.

First we shall give a chronological account of the history of the Berlin Wall and define the reasons for its fall. A bipolar world was succeeded by a world dominated by the United States. The former members of the Warsaw Agreement entered NATO and the EU. A series of agreements progressively fixed the relations between the UE and the former republics of the USSR, the UE and Russia. With the enlargement of the UE, the question of the identity of Europe is on the agenda. The dissensions and the conflicts in countries which Russia considers as belonging to its area of influence, the competition between Russians and Westerners in strategic areas such as the Caucasus, create a climate which reminds onlookers of the climate of the Cold War and the terms « wall » « iron curtain » are frequently used by statesmen and commentators. However, in spite of wide differences, an important rapprochement process is taking place. In conclusion we shall raise the question of the Eurasian nature of Russia.