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Phenylketonuria is one of the most common genetic diseases among the European population that manifests by increased blood phenylalanine content. It has been proven that diet therapy by restricting or excluding phenylalanine is vital for this group of population. Until now, Ukraine has not considered the issue of the quantitative composition of essential amino acids required in the therapeutic amino acid dietary products. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the quantitative composition of essential L-amino acids in the therapeutic dietary products for people with phenylketonuria.Mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene and impaired metabolism of the tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor (BH4) lead to phenylalanineemia and the development of phenylketonuria of various forms. Control of phenylalanine (Phe) levels in the blood is only possible by keeping the diet therapy, which includes three key elements: restriction of natural proteins, consumption of products containing L-amino acids without Phe and low-protein food. The composition of the food product for special therapeutic purposes (blended amino acid products) for people with phenylketonuria includes substances containing L-amino acids, micro- and macronutrients, vitamins, sometimes carbohydrates, fats and other nutrients. The quantitative and qualitative composition of a special product should contain a significant proportion of essential amino acids as components of the body nitrogen balance and essential for metabolism. According to the literature about the peculiarities of the breakdown and absorption of essential amino acids, and taking into account desirable blood Phe content, the amount of the amino acids in the blend should be at least 100%, and according to European recommendations, even by 40% higher, when compared with the amino acid composition recommended by WHO / FAO / UNU (2007). This amount of essential amino acids improves the blood Phe content in people with phenylketonuria. Thus, the amount of amino acid composition and the required proportion of essential amino acids in the blended amino acid therapeutic products should be well-balanced and comparable to the age-related nutrition needs for people with various forms of phenylketonuria.

This paper discusses the principles of forming a cyber-safe complex of on-board equipment for a supersonic passenger aircraft (SPA). The article discusses two-level protection of the on-board network against unauthorized access. The possibility of using algorithms based on blockchain and block encryption for the future protection of SPA from external and internal threats is being investigated.

The results of Pseudomonas spp.’s effect on Podosphoera leucotricha (Ell. et Ev.) (Salm.) in commercial plantings of apple trees of Renet Simirenko variety are presented in the article. It reveals that use of the bio-fungicide in three consistent treatments during fruit ripening period at the rate of 4.0 l/ha reduces the disease’ spread and development intensity, ensuring biological efficacy of 94.4-99.6%.

Features of the process of managing equity capital of trading enterprises under crisis economic conditions as well as the definition of equity capital management as a system of coordinated elements are considered. The dynamics and changes in the structure of equity capital of trading enterprises are analyzed, and the main problems associated with the equity capital formation are identified. There proposed a system of equity capital management, which will ensure an increase in the effectiveness of processes of formation and use of equity capital. When considering the process of managing equity capital of trading enterprises there noted both positive and negative aspects. It is established that retail enterprises face the problem in managing their equity capital due to peculiarities of the capital structure as a whole. In the capital structure of an enterprise in the trade sector there is a significant predominance of attracted and borrowed funds. It is found that the largest share in the equity capital of the enterprise belongs to the charter capital. It is determined that recently the increase in uncovered loss impedes the financing of sustainable development of commercial enterprises. It is proved that one of the methods of optimizing equity capital of trading enterprises is introduction of a system of effective management of this type of capital. The system should represent a complex combination of interrelated elements, such as object and subject of management, management objectives, tasks, stages, principles, functions and methods of management. The interaction of the elements in the system of enterprise equity capital management is schematically shown. The characteristics of each element of the system are considered in detail.

Competition in the education sector is growing every year. Students have the opportunity to embark in both domestic and foreign universities. In prior years, universities did not put a large budget in the promotion, as the demand exceeded the supply. Kazakhstan’s accession to the international market of educational services has increased the need to use effective promotion tools. Marketing is an important element in attracting students. With the development of technology, the role of the Internet increases, which becomes an integral part of marketing. Internet marketing in the field of higher education has great prospects. The key features of this direction are low cost and high efficiency. At the same time, the promotion takes place not only on the regional but also on the global market. Today, promotion and advertising using the Internet is replacing traditional marketing. The article analyzes various Internet marketing tools that apply to the field of higher education. The creation and development of corporate websites of the university is an important stage of promotion. The corporate site must have certain characteristics to attract a potential student. A person spends most of the day on social networks, which are also an Internet marketing tool. Maintaining the image of the university requires the creation of official pages in social networks. These platforms create conditions for cooperation with students, applicants and graduates. Competent use of internet marketing will allow developing the sphere of higher education.

In unstable environmental conditions, research on replacing pesticides with high consumption rates with modern ones with lower consumption rates, determining their effect on productivity and biometric indicators of a culture is relevant. The goal of the research was to evaluate the use of fungicides of inorganic copper compounds as the main xenobiotics in apple and plum agroecosystems in the Krasnodar Territory and development elements of energy-saving protection technologies for changing weather conditions that ensure maximum efficiency with minimal ecotoxicity. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020. In extreme weather conditions, the preparations Champ DP, WDG and Kocide 2000, WDG showed the effectiveness of apple scab control at the level of 96.8- ± 0.6%. Fungicides Cuproxat, SC and Terpen C, SC in the control of Klyasterosporioz plum - at the level of 92.2-99.0%. Fungicides of the copper group had a negative effect on apple and plum plants: a decrease in the length of annual shoots and leaf area was noted. The use of Terpen C, SC, containing terpene stimuli, stimulated the growth of one-year plum shoots by 27.7% and an increase in the leaf area by 11.6%, in comparison with the control. The content of copper in the fruits of apple and plum trees and in the soil under their plantations was in accordance with the requirements not exceeding hygienic standards. The results obtained can be used to develop elements of energy-saving technologies for protecting apple and plum trees in a changing climate.

The effectiveness of inorganic copper compounds on apple and plum trees under extreme weather conditions in 2018-2020 has been evaluated. Fungicides Koside 2000, VDG and Champ DP, VDG controlled apple scab by 98-99.6%, preparations Cuproxat, KS and Terpen C, KS blocked plum clotterosporiasis by 85.1-100%. The use of these fungicides did not have a negative effect on the biochemical composition of the fruit. Significant differences between the variants were found in the content of potassium and calcium cations, on the drain, in addition, in the content of sodium and magnesium cations. The possibility of biologization of protection technologies has been established: the use of the fungicide Champ DP, VDG on the apple tree, the replacement of Abiga-Peak, VS on the drain with preparations with lower consumption rates – Kuproksat, KS and Terpen C, KS. This ensures a reduction in the pesticide load on the environment, a decrease in the risk of resistance and the damaging effect of fungicides on trees weakened by stress.

Slugs cause serious harm to nurseries and young plantations of fruit and berry crops in the Krasnodar region. On garden strawberries, the most common species is the field slug Deroceras agreste L., whose larvae damage ripe fruits and leaves, as well as contaminate them with their secretions and mucus, which leads to a decrease in the quality of seedlings and contributes to damage by secondary pests. In modern protection systems, the most commonly used pest control systems are molluscicides containing methaldehyde. The aim of our research was to assess the biological effectiveness of the molluscicides Sliznyakoff, G (60 g/kg methaldehyde) and Slizneed, G (60 g/kg methaldehyde) in controlling the abundance of field slugs in strawberry agrocenoses on the Clery variety. It was found that with an average number of phytophage larvae in the control variant (12.5-16.0 individuals / 10 m2), a single use of molluscicides causes 95.3 % mortality of D. agreste L. on the 7th day.

The article is devoted to theoretical justification of classification of general managerial functions. Critical analysis of scientific works of eminent specialists in management gave a possibility to find out that classification of functions of the subject of management should be based on the objective cyclic change of the state of information by three stages: appearance of information, its concentration and transformation into a programme of specific actions. The article offers a classification model of the integrated managerial activity in social and mixed systems, which includes differentiation of managerial functions into three orders. Providing information, decision making and realisation of the decision are functions of the second order (basic) in this model, while accounting, analysis, goal setting, planning, organisation, management and control – are, consequently, functions of the third order (derivatives). The article considers one specific example from management practice with the aim of verification of the author’s opinion regarding the processed classification of managerial functions.