Search

El objetivo es analizar el impacto de la ética profesional en la práctica de docentes de la Benemérita y Centenaria Escuela Normal del Estado de Sonora (ByCENES) a partir del confinamiento ocasionado por la pandemia del COVID-19, así como los ajustes que se implementaron al trabajar bajo la modalidad híbrida. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a docentes de la ByCENES que trabajan frente a los grupos de las licenciaturas que oferta la normal. Tiene un enfoque cualitativo; para el análisis e interpretación de los datos, se usó el software Atlas Ti. Se concluyó que los formadores fortalecieron su ética profesional en la práctica docente durante la modalidad híbrida.

Summary: Despite the well-accepted view that chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the function and regulation of eosinophils remain an unclear facet of type II innate immunity in dystrophic muscle. We report the observation that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are present in skeletal muscle and are the principal regulators of muscle eosinophils during muscular dystrophy. Eosinophils were elevated in DMD patients and dystrophic mice along with interleukin (IL)-5, a major eosinophil survival factor that was predominantly expressed by muscle ILC2s. We also find that IL-33 was upregulated in dystrophic muscle and was predominantly produced by fibrogenic/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Exogenous IL-33 and IL-2 complex (IL-2c) expanded muscle ILC2s and eosinophils, decreased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of regenerating myofibers, and increased the expression of genes associated with muscle fibrosis. The deletion of ILC2s in dystrophic mice mitigated muscle eosinophilia and impaired the induction of IL-5 and fibrosis-associated genes. Our findings highlight a FAP/ILC2/eosinophil axis that promotes type II innate immunity, which influences the balance between regenerative and fibrotic responses during muscular dystrophy.

Skeletal muscle injury provokes a regenerative response, characterized by the de novo generation of myofibers that are distinguished by central nucleation and re-expression of developmentally restricted genes. In addition to these characteristics, myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) is widely used to evaluate muscle hypertrophic and regenerative responses. Here, we introduce QuantiMus, a free software program that uses machine learning algorithms to quantify muscle morphology and molecular features with high precision and quick processing-time. The ability of QuantiMus to define and measure myofibers was compared to manual measurement or other automated software programs. QuantiMus rapidly and accurately defined total myofibers and measured CSA with comparable performance but quantified the CSA of centrally-nucleated fibers (CNFs) with greater precision compared to other software. It additionally quantified the fluorescence intensity of individual myofibers of human and mouse muscle, which was used to assess the distribution of myofiber type, based on the myosin heavy chain isoform that was expressed. Furthermore, analysis of entire quadriceps cross-sections of healthy and mdx mice showed that dystrophic muscle had an increased frequency of Evans blue dye+ injured myofibers. QuantiMus also revealed that the proportion of centrally nucleated, regenerating myofibers that express embryonic myosin heavy chain (eMyHC) or neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) were increased in dystrophic mice. Our findings reveal that QuantiMus has several advantages over existing software. The unique self-learning capacity of the machine learning algorithms provides superior accuracy and the ability to rapidly interrogate the complete muscle section. These qualities increase rigor and reproducibility by avoiding methods that rely on the sampling of representative areas of a section. This is of particular importance for the analysis of dystrophic muscle given the “patchy” distribution of muscle pathology. QuantiMus is an open source tool, allowing customization to meet investigator-specific needs and provides novel analytical approaches for quantifying muscle morphology.

Introducción y Objetivos: Los defectos craneales que llegan a nuestro hospital generalmente son secundarios a trauma o bien a su tratamiento neuroquirúrgico. La craneoplastia no suele ser inmediata, sin embargo el síndrome de trepanación o el deseo del paciente por mejorar su apariencia, son mandatorios para poder realizar la reconstrucción. El material ideal para una craneoplastia debe ser biocompatible, fácil de fabricar y biomecánicamente estable. En nuestro Servicio llevamos a cabo la reconstrucción craneal con una prótesis de metil-metacrilato diseñada mediante estereolitografía, cubierta completamente por un injerto de fascia lata. En nuestra experiencia esta nos brinda resultados predecibles, seguros y satisfactorios para los pacientes. Material y Método: Presentamos nuestra experiencia inicial en el uso de esta técnica a través de un análisis retrospectivo sobre 32 pacientes operados por un equipo multidisciplinario entre enero de 1996 y junio de 2014 en el Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. Resultados: No tuvimos complicaciones importantes relacionadas con infección, hematoma o seroma. Los resultados estéticos obtenidos fueron de aceptables a buenos. Conclusiones: En esta serie de pacientes usando la técnica descrita, recogimos una tasa de complicaciones muy baja y un excelente grado de satisfacción de los pacientes en el seguimiento a largo plazo.

Se denomina "hernia de Amyand" a la presencia del apéndice dentro del saco de una hernia inguinal. La incidencia global de la hernia de Amyand es de 0,28 a 1%. La presentación clínica suele ser la de un paciente con una masa inguinal inflamada, tensa, hipersensible, de dimensiones variables, irreductible, asociada a dolor abdominal y vómitos. Excepcionalmente existe un cuadro franco de apendicitis. El tratamiento quirúrgico depende de la presentación del caso y los hallazgos intraoperatorios. Presentamos a continuación un caso de hernia de Amyand gigante en el que se realizó satisfactoriamente una plastia inguinal con técnica de Bassini y una apendicectomía transherniotomía.