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In the Anthropological and Ethnographical Museum of University of Cagliari are custodied two mummies, a male and a female one. Subjected to autopsy in 1895, the latter is wrapped by mystery. It is considered she could be a victim of a murder. In the light of modern techniques of inquiry, a multidisciplinary team of research tries to throw light on some main aspects: • The woman’s age • The reasons of death • The causes of mummification The achieved data are compared with those reported in the account of the autopsy, published by Gaetano Corrado in 1899.

Cranial and dental anthropometry is commonly used in many areas of research, e.g., in forensic anthropology and paleoanthropology. We propose new craniometric and dental landmarks and distances that may have important applications in physical anthropology. Furthermore, a classical anthropometrical approach was applied to quantify the correlation between dental and cranial measurements, which were taken on 30 Middle Ages adult crania from Sardinia (Italy). Principal components analysis was performed to explore the correlations among inter-landmark distances. The first component showed correlations between the cranial base and maxillary inter-landmark distances (the ‘cranial base’ system). The second component exclusively demonstrated correlations among maxillary and dental inter-landmark distances (the ‘oral cavity’ system). The third component showed positive correlations between the zygomatic and midline maxillary inter-landmark distances, and high negative loadings that include the bilateral styloid process and midline maxillary landmarks (the ‘upper cranium’ system). The inter-landmark dental distances correlate with inter-landmark cranial distances that have not been described previously. These data can be applied in other research and clinical areas.