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A tecnologia espacial é um dos setores que mais investe em automação e integração de estruturas e equipamentos. Envolvendo um enorme número de empresas diferentes, sempre apresentou um desafio entre integração de software e hardware das mais diversas áreas. Os computadores necessários para controlar e processar toda essa estrutura necessitam ser ágeis, confiáveis e capazes de executar todos os desafios propostos por esta tecnologia. Controlando estes computadores, o sistema operacional Linux mostrou-se capaz de realizar esta missão, sendo atualmente utilizado nos grandes foguetes reutilizáveis ou em drones sob solo marciano. Este estudo exploratório, realizado como revisão bibliográfica, destaca a aplicação do Linux, assim como a tecnologia espacial e seus desafios. Os dados obtidos durante a pesquisa possibilitaram afirmar que a NASA e a SpaceX mudaram a forma como equipes e empresas atuam nas missões espaciais. O Linux vem permitindo que equipes de cientistas em universidades ou empresas de tecnologia de pequeno porte atuem de forma importante para o sucesso da nova era espacial. A missão espacial DM-2 ocorrida em maio de 2020, é a prova do sucesso da utilização do Linux.

The US space activities from their inception have been closely connected with the private sector. However, only in 2010s private space companies have come to play a prominent role not only on the global market of space services but in the field of international security as well. At the same time, this trend towards commercialization of outer space use and the growing role of the private space sector in ensuring national security is still understudied. This paper aims to partially fill this gap by assessing approaches to these issues adopted by the administration of D. Trump. In the first section the author notes that both conceptual and legal frameworks of private space activities lack clarity and proposes an operational definition of the phenomenon. The second section provides a brief overview of the key strategic policy documents of the Trump’s administration including those on commercial use of space in general and its implications for the US national security in particular. The third section identifies the trend towards the institutionalization of the US Space Forces as one of the priorities of the Trump’s administration military policy. The fourth section thoroughly examines key forms and areas of the public–private partnership in commercial use of space, including launch services, communication services, intelligence gathering, as well as production and maintenance of satellites. Finally, the fifth section assesses the prospects for private space activities given the current tightness of the space services market and growing competition. The author concludes that private space plays a subsidiary role within the US national security and is still heavily dependent on state support. Nevertheless, the scope of public–private cooperation is expanding and the models of interaction are changing. The Trump’s administration has contributed to the development of the industry through liberalization of regulations and involvement of private sector in the new large-scale projects, such as the Artemis program. The other important outcome of the space policy of the 45th President of the United States is anchoring of private space activities in the US national security strategy documents.

This article studies the issues of international space law and analyses the reasons for its occurrence. At the moment, space law actively develops, and space exploration has become increasingly popular and demanded. Nevertheless, this field’s legal regulations were drawn up in the mid-20th century and are now partly obsolete. Moreover, the set of space-related legal relations in regard to the exploration and use of outer space and celestial bodies undergoes significant changes. Therefore, it is of sufficient importance to seek new possible areas and improve existing means of resolving current legal issues to ensure the progress of international and national space law. Every year problems related to unregulated actions of private companies in the sector increasingly occur. This topic requires analysis to provide ways to address those gaps in international space law.