Search

Engineering Geology and geotechnical parameters assessment is of the most important issues in successful tunnel design and construction operation. In urban areas, exact and complete reconnaissance of these parameters and site investigations are more critical as a result of the intensified effect of settlement and failure of the tunnels. Geotechnical parameters and hazards in tunnel route also affect the tunnel boring machine (T.B.M) selection and so they are challenging and very important issues. Shahid Motevasselian tunnel with a length of 10 Km. connects Shahid Sayyad Shirazi highway south wards (from north of Sepah Sq.) to Azadegan highway. There is a high geological diversity in geological units as a result of North- south direction of the tunnel and so it is too complicated to assess the parameters. In this study, as a good experience, the method of dealing with the complexities to achieve a reliable assessment of geological and geotechnical conditions is considered and also the possible hazards in different parts of the tunnel is determined. According to the geological and geotechnical situation, tunnel rout is divided to 3 distinct parts (northern part, middle part and southern part) and introducing the different soil types in terms of Geotechnical parameters, range of different parameters in any soil type is determined by combining the results of field and laboratory investigations, and finally, the material properties of each soil type determined as well as possible hazards likely in different parts of the tunnel route.

The deformation characteristics and constitutive behavior of granular materials under normal forces acting on particles are dependent on the geometry of the grain structure, fabrics and the inter-particle friction. In this study, the influence of particle morphology on the friction and dilatancy of five natural sands was investigated using deep learning (DL) techniques. A Three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique using computed tomography was utilized to compute the morphology (roundness and sphericity) of collected natural sands. Triaxial tests were conducted on the five different natural sands at different densities and confinement stresses (σ3). From the triaxial results, peak friction angle (φp), critical state friction angle (φcs), and dilatancy angle (ψ) were obtained and modeled using conventional multiple linear regression (MLR) models and DL techniques. A total of 100 deep artificial neural networks (DANN) models were trained at different sizes of first and second hidden layers. The use of MLR resulted in R2 of 0.709, 0.565, and 0.795 for φp, φcs and ψ, respectively, while the best performed DANN (30 and 50 neurons for the 1st and 2nd hidden layers, respectively) had R2 of 0.956 for all outputs (φp, φcs and ψ) combined. Using the best-performed DANN model, the weight partitioning technique was used to compute an importance score for each parameter in predicting φp, φcs and ψ. The σ3 had the highest importance followed by relative density, roundness, and sphericity with a relative importance of more than 10%. In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of each parameter on the shear parameters and ensure the robustness of the developed model.

Geogrids have been increasingly used as soil improvement technique over the past decade. This increasing trend is attributed to its ease of application and low cost compared to other improvement techniques. This paper provides a review of the published results related to the ultimate and allowable bearing capacities of shallow foundations on geo-grid-reinforced homogeneous sand soil. A numerical analysis is also conducted to investigate soil-geogrid interaction considering several critical parameters that affect the overall behavior of geogrid-reinforced soil. The critical parameters such as the width and length of geogrid layers, spacing between the reinforcement layers, and the depth of reinforcement and geosynthetic stiffness have been investigated.

Abstract Background Prefoldin is an evolutionarily conserved co-chaperone of the tailless complex polypeptide 1 ring complex (TRiC)/chaperonin containing tailless complex 1 (CCT). The prefoldin complex consists of six subunits that are known to transfer newly produced cytoskeletal proteins to TRiC/CCT for folding polypeptides. Prefoldin function was recently linked to the maintenance of protein homeostasis, suggesting a more general function of the co-chaperone during cellular stress conditions. Prefoldin acts in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-independent manner, making it a suitable candidate to operate during stress conditions, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial function depends on the production of mitochondrial proteins in the cytosol. Mechanisms that sustain cytosolic protein homeostasis are vital for the quality control of proteins destined for the organelle and such mechanisms among others include chaperones. Results We analyzed consequences of the loss of prefoldin subunits on the cell proliferation and survival of Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon exposure to various cellular stress conditions. We found that prefoldin subunits support cell growth under heat stress. Moreover, prefoldin facilitates the growth of cells under respiratory growth conditions. We showed that mitochondrial morphology and abundance of some respiratory chain complexes was supported by the prefoldin 2 (Pfd2/Gim4) subunit. We also found that Pfd2 interacts with Tom70, a receptor of mitochondrial precursor proteins that are targeted into mitochondria. Conclusions Our findings link the cytosolic prefoldin complex to mitochondrial function. Loss of the prefoldin complex subunit Pfd2 results in adaptive cellular responses on the proteome level under physiological conditions suggesting a continuous need of Pfd2 for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Within this framework, Pfd2 might support mitochondrial function directly as part of the cytosolic quality control system of mitochondrial proteins or indirectly as a component of the protein homeostasis network.

PurposeTo describe a novel corneal surgical technique combining Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) with grafting of allogeneic limbus (Limbo-DALK) for the treatment of eyes with corneal stromal pathology and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).MethodsClinical records of six Limbo-DALKs performed in five patients diagnosed with LSCD and corneal stromal pathology requiring keratoplasty were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed with LSCD due to various pathologies including thermal and chemical burns, congenital aniridia or chronic inflammatory ocular surface disease. Parameters analysed included demographics, diagnoses, clinical history, thickness measurements using anterior segment OCT, visual acuity, and epithelial status. Regular follow-up visits were scheduled at 6 weeks as well as 3, 6, 9, and 12 and 18 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures were time to graft epithelialisation and the occurrence of corneal endothelial decompensation.ResultsTwo grafts showed complete epithelial closure at 2 days, two at 14 days. In one eye, complete epithelial closure was not achieved after the first Limbo-DALK, but was achieved one month after the second Limbo-DALK. No endothelial decompensation occurred except in one patient with silicone oil associated keratopathy. Endothelial graft rejection was not observed in any of the grafts.ConclusionBased on the data from this pilot series, limbo-DALK appears to be a viable surgical approach for eyes with severe LSCD and corneal stromal pathology, suitable for emergency situations (e.g. corneal ulceration with impending corneal perforation), while minimising the risk of corneal endothelial decompensation.

Background. Resistance-trained males aim to increase their overall health, strength and fitness level. Many resistance-trained males aiming to increase their strength neglect the muscles that stabilize the scapular and glenohumeral joints. The shoulder joint is among the most frequently injured areas in resistance-trained males. In addition, strength training displays different effects in young and old individuals. The study purpose was to investigate the effects of stability and mobility exercises on range of motion, posture and body awareness in resistance-trained males with shoulder immobility. Materials and methods. Thirty-two resistance-trained males diagnosed with shoulder immobility were divided into two groups according to their age ranges (G1: Adult, G2: Young Adult). The program consisting of mobility and stability exercises was applied 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The participants were evaluated with a universal goniometer, the New York Posture Rating, and the Body Awareness Questionnaire before and after the treatment lasting 8 weeks. Results. Following the 8-week treatment, improvements in body awareness and range of motion were observed in all participants (p≤0.05). There were improvements in the scores of the New York Posture Rating and Body Awareness Questionnaire in both groups, but they were not statistically significant (p≥0.05). Conclusions. An exercise program combining stability and mobility exercises was applied to resistance-trained males with shoulder immobility and it was observed to have positive effects on the range of motion of the joint, body awareness and posture. We are of the opinion that various types of exercise should be implemented when planning exercise programs.

Cluster thinning was performed on vines of the Syrah variety eight days before the véraison (CTBV) and after the completion of the véraison (CTAV) in the 2019 and 2021 vegetation periods. The differences in physiological and chemical properties between the grapes were investigated to which cluster thinning was applied at two different times and those without cluster thinning. According to the research results, CTBV was more effective in the berry fresh weight, dry weight, berry volume, skin weight, skin surface, cluster width, cluster length, cluster weight, and cluster volume parameters than CTAV. Likewise, the levels of total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity increased by 9%, 27%, and 30%, respectively, compared to the control group without cluster thinning. Among the phenolic compounds, trans-resveratrol showed the highest increase of 38%, and petunidin-3-glucoside increased the most (12%) among anthocyanins.

INTRODUCTION: It has been reported that short-term and low-dose intravenous corticosteroids prevent the progression of the disease and reduce mortality during the hyperinflammation period caused by the virus in COVID-19 disease. The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical course, hospital readmission and mortality rates of patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 pneumonia, who do not need oxygen and for whom we started outpatient corticosteroid treatment. METHODS: Patients over the age of 18 who applied to our hospital with the diagnosis of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 pneumonia and were treated with outpatient oral systemic corticosteroid were included in the study.Inclusion criteria were pneumonia finding consistent with mild to moderate COVID-19 involvement in lung computerized tomography, seven days or more from symptom onset, and oxygen saturation of 93 and above. The patients were given dexamethasone 8 milligrams (mg) methylprednisolone 32 mg, methylprednisolone 40 mg as oral systemic corticosteroid. RESULTS: The median age (min-max) of the patients was 49.24 (22-91), and 60% of them were male. The median steroid duration was 6.6 (1-10) days. Due to ongoing symptoms, 56% of the patients were admitted to the hospital again, 12% were hospitalized due to clinical and laboratory deterioration, the intensive care hospitalization rate was 3% and the mortality rate was 2% (2/100). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, the effectiveness of oral corticosteroids on mortality and morbidity has not been demonstrated in mild to moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. Well-designed randomized controlled studies are needed on this subject.

Background. Telerehabilitation used as an exercise method has become increasingly common in recent years. Various methods have been used to increase hamstring flexibility, but more research is required on the optimal program. The study purpose was to investigate the effect of hamstring stretching exercises given as telerehabilitation and home exercise program on hamstring flexibility. Materials and methods. Sixty-eight healthy adults were randomly assigned to two groups, namely telerehabilitation and home exercise. Exercises were performed for 8 weeks (4 sessions/week) in both groups. Active and passive range of motion (ROM), sit and reach test (SRT), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were conducted in the pre- and post-intervention and after a 6-month period. Results. At the end of 8 weeks, a significant improvement was observed in the SRT scores in both the telerehabilitation group (p = 0.001) and the home exercise group (p = 0.001). In addition, significant improvements were observed in the passive ROM measurements of both the telerehabilitation group (p = 0.005) and the home exercise group (p = 0.001). At the end of 8 weeks, the telerehabilitation group was found to be significantly superior to the home exercise group in the SRT results (p = 0.034). As for the long-term results, significant improvement was maintained in both SRT (p = 0.001) and passive ROM (p = 0.014) in the telerehabilitation group. Conclusions. Eight-week telerehabilitation and home exercise program was observed to have positive effects on passive and active ROM. The telerehabilitation method may prove to be more effective than the home exercise method in the long term.

İnsan kendinin farkında olduğu andan itibaren, çevresiyle etkileşime girmekte ve bu etkileşimi iletişim aracılıyla gerçekleştirmektedir. Böylelikle iletişim kavramı hayatın her alanında kullanılan ve birçok disiplinle ilişkilendirilen bir kavrama dönüşmüştür. Bu kavram birçok alanda olduğu gibi siyasal alanda da kendini göstermektedir. Siyasal alanda iletişim yer alması, siyasilerin hedef kitlelerine bilgi vermeyi, onların desteklerini almayı ve onları kendi düşünceleri çerçevesinde bir araya getirmeyi sağlamaktadır. Siyasal alanda iletişim, özellikle seçim zamanlarında siyasal kampanyalar çerçevesinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu yoğunlaşmanın en temel sebebi ise siyasi kişiliklerin iktidara gelme arzularıdır. Siyasilerde arzuları doğrultusunda oluşturdukları siyasal kampanyalar ile birçok iletiyi hedef kitlelerine iletmektedirler. İletilere maruz kalan hedef kitle ise, iletiyi gönderen siyasal yapıya karşı zihninde bir takım algılar oluşturmaktadır. İletilerle gelişen algının siyasal yapıya olumlu yansımaları olmalıdır. Söz konusu olumlu yansımalar, gelişi güzel bir şekilde değil planlı ve programlı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilir. Böylelikle siyasal iletişim alanında algı yönetimi vazgeçilmez bir olgu olarak kendini göstermektedir. Bu nedenlerden dolayı ele aldığımız çalışmanın temel amaç ise siyasal partilerin oluşturdukları iletişim çalışmalarının hedef kitle tarafından, ideoloji açısından nasıl algılandığını ortaya koymak, siyasal iletişim kapsamında algıların oluşmasındaki iletişim araç ve yöntemlerin etki düzeylerini belirlemek ve siyasal aktörler ve organlar için belirlenen algı yönetimi kurallarının uygulanıp-uygulanmadığını belirlemektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmede anket tekniği ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem ise tesadüfi yöntem ile belirlenen 256 öğrenci olarak kararlaştırılmıştır. Söz konusu araştırmanın sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda TBMM’de önde gelen beş partinin, seçmen tarafından algılanan siyasal ideolojileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Siyasal algıların oluşmasında etkisi olan kitle iletişim araçlarının her birinin ayrı ayrı önemlilik düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve internetin siyasal algıların oluşmasında önemlilik düzeyinin diğer kitle iletişim araçlarına göre daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın önemi ise hem siyasi aktörlere ve organlara, siyasal açıdan algı yönetimi uygulamalarında fayda sağlamak hem de literatüre bu bakımdan katkıda bulunmak açısından önem arz etmektedir.

In this study, seeds, skins and stems of the red wine grape varieties Boğazkere, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Nero d’Avola, Sangiovese and Syrah grown in Turkey were analysed for their phenolic compounds. The highest total phenolic compound and DPPH were found in the stem of Boğazkere respectively as 62550 mg GAE/kg dw and 614 µmol/g dw; the highest ABTS•+, (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin were detected in the seed of Nero d’Avola respectively as 617 µmol trolox/g dw, 8650 mg/kg and 1902 mg/kg dw; the highest total anthocyanin and rutin were measured in the skin of Boğazkere respectively as 143.52 mg/kg dw and 9692 mg/kg dw; the highest quercetin was found in the seed of Boğazkere as 49.21 mg/kg dw and the highest trans-resveratrol was measured in the stem of Syrah as 61.56 mg/kg dw.

Streptococcus agalactiae, Lancefied sınıflamasına göre B grubuna ait, fakültatif, gram-pozitif koktur. Önceki yıllarda gebe kadınlarda idrar yolu enfeksiyonu etkeni olarak bilinirken, diğer erişkinlerde nadir görülen bir hastalık etkeni idi. Günümüzde ise S. agalactiae, gebe olmayan erişkinlerde özellikle immün sistemi baskılanmışlarda, kronik ve yaşlı hastalarda, kaynağı saptanamayan bakteriyemi, yumuşak doku enfeksiyonları, üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, osteoartikuler enfeksiyonlar, peritonit, kardiyak enfeksiyonlar, menenjit ve diğer odak enfeksiyonları gibi invaziv enfeksiyonların bir nedeni olarak giderek daha fazla saptanmaktadır. Literatürde nadir olmakla birlikte, erişkinlerde S. agalactiae’nin neden olduğu osteoartiküler enfeksiyonlar bildirilmiştir. Bu olgu sunumunda, ultrason eşliğinde transrektal prostat iğne biyopsisi sonrası S. agalactiae’ya bağlı iatrojenik spondilodiskit gelişen bir hastanın sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Sürekli ayaktan periton diyalizi (SAPD) alan hastalarda peritonit, artan hastane ve antibiyotik maliyetleri ile bu hastalarda mortalite ve morbiditenin en önemli nedenlerinden biridir. Peritonit vakalarının çoğuna Gram pozitif bakteriler neden olmasına rağmen, bazen beklenmeyen mikroorganizmalar peritonite neden olabilir. Chryseobacterium indologenes, insan florasının doğada yaygın olarak bulunan bir üyesidir ve nadiren insan enfeksiyonlarına neden olur. Bu olgu sunumunda, iki yıldır SAPD alan Chryseobacterium indologenes’e bağlı peritonitli 68 yaşında erkek hastanın sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Hasta intravenöz ilaveten intraperitoneal siprofloksasin tedavisine iyi cevap verdi. Bu durumda, periton diyalizi kateterinin çıkarılmasına gerek kalmadı. Chryseobacterium indologenes SAPD ile ilişkili, oldukça nadir görülen bir peritonit nedenidir. Bu mikroorganizma kaynaklı peritonit, periton kateterinin çekilmesine gerek kalmadan intravenöz artı intraperitoneal antibiyotiklerle başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilebilir.

Introduction: Although prevention of the disease and its spread is the primary goal in the fight against the pandemic, studies on the correct management of those who have the disease and the predictability of the prognosis are also important. This study aimed to determine whether lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio, together with other inflammation markers, would be useful in predicting intensive care unit admission and mortality in Coronavirus disease 2019 cases. Material and methods: 883 patients were followed in 758 wards and 125 intensive care units. Data of the patients included in the study were compared with those admitted to the service and intensive care unit, and with those who survived and developed mortality. Results: According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis to distinguish the patients followed in the intensive care unit from the patients hospitalized in the ward that was determined that lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio, C-reactive protein ratio, CRP-albumin ratio, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were moderate (70%–80%). D-dimer was good (80%–90%) predicting follow-up in intensive care unit. Increase in age, increase in lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6 levels, and uptake in tomography were determined as independent risk factors that increase intensive care unit admission. 243 (27.5%) of the patients were mortal. The mean age of the patients with a mortal course was 70±14 years, and mortality increased with increasing age. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis of patients with a mortal course that was determined that lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and D-dimer had a good (80–90%) ability to distinguish patients with a mortal course. Age, fever, and increases in lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6 levels were determined to be independent risk factors increasing mortality. Conclusions: Low lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio and high D-Dimer, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and CRP-albumin ratio can be used in clinical monitoring to reduce morbidity and mortality rates due to COVID-19.

Given the increase in cases of thelaziosis in recent years, especially in Europe, we evaluate the publication patterns of research focusing on Thelazia. We also discuss the results of published articles and how more clinical and epidemiological information on Thelazia is still needed. All the documents registered in Web of Science with the subject of Thelazia between 1970 and 31 March 2023 were analyzed, using the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology and the VOS viewer as tools. Between 1970 and March 2023, there were 336 publications on Thelazia. During the same period, these documents were mentioned 5597 times, averaging 16.66 times for each record. Thelazia's first publications appeared in 1970, and 55.95% of all publications were published after 2010. Regarding total publication numbers, the most influential country was Italy (n = 87), followed by the United States (n=57). The most prolific author in this field was "Domenico Otranto" (n = 77), while the journals that drew the most papers were Parasites & Vectors (n = 30) and Veterinary Parasitology (n = 29). The findings of this article will be useful in defining research priorities related to Thelazia and diagnosing the importance of scientific production associated with this pathogen.

Human brucellosis causes a variety of clinical symptoms and osteoarticular involvement is the most common involvement. We conducted a bibliometric analysis study on osteoarticular involvement in brucellosis. The study's aim was to investigate the impact of publications in this field and to discover research development and clusters. We used the Web of Science (Wos) database to obtain the data. The titles, document types, publication years, authors, organizations, keywords, abstracts of each record, H-index, and citations were analyzed. We analyzed 642 documents (research articles and review articles). 83.178% of them were published in Science Citation Index Expanded (Sci-Expanded) indexed journals. English (88.785%) was the most preferred language. Researchers from 70 countries contributed to the growth of scientific studies. Turkey was ranked first with a total of 177 publications. The United States of America (11.059%), Peoples' Republic of China (8.411%), Iran (6.698%), and Spain (6.698%) were the top five countries according to the number of publications. The publications were cited 11118 times (17.32 per item) and the mean of the H-index was 51. The publications published between 2000- 2009 received the highest number of citations and had the highest H indexes. H indexes and citation numbers of publications have decreased since 2010. This is the first report that shows the trends of osteoarticular involvement in brucellosis. In conclusion, financial support for scientific studies in regions where brucellosis is endemic may increase the number of articles to be published in the future from these regions.

Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze the scientific studies about Legionellosis which published in all around the world. Material and methods: The Elsevier’s Scopus database (https://www.scopus.com/) was searched with the for bibliometric analysis method. Articles were selected only according to their valid scientific properties which accepted by scientific community with their methodologic design. The publications were analyzed according to publication years, countries, authors, institutions, funding institutions, publishing languages, themes, citations, keywords, methods, and samples. The Scopus database was filtered for document type which only the articles. The data containing the keywords “legionellosis” or “Legionella pneumophila” or “Legionella” or “Pontiac fever” in their title were retrieved till December 13, 2021. Results: In total, 8778 documents relating to Legionellosis were identified in the Scopus database till December 13, 2021. 7073 of the documents were articles. The articles were published in mainly in the discipline of medicine (n=4766, 67.38%). The first articles were published in the year 1977 and was from United States of America (USA). There were two surges in the number of publications in the years 1983 and 2013. After 1980, the annual number of articles never dropped below 100 articles per year. The USA dominated the scientific production on Legionella with the number of 2214 (31.30%) publications. The top 5 leading scientifically productive countries on Legionella literature after USA were Germany (n=8.41%), United Kingdom (7.64%), France (7.36%) and Japan (n=512, 7.23%). The publications on Legionellosis were from more than 100 countries globally. The maximum number of the citation was in the year of 1978. 1126 (15.9%) of the articles were not cited yet. Conclusion: The number of publications was high since the first reports were published, but the number of cites decreased since 2020.

Amaç: Hepatit A virüs HAV nadiren fulminan hepatite neden olmakla beraber, özellikle viral hepatit kronik karaciğer hastalığı olan kişilerde görülebilen HAV ko-enfeksiyonu daha ciddi klinik tablolara neden olabilir. Bu çalışma, erişkin HBsAg pozitif hastalarda saptanan HAV seropozitiflik oranlarının ve HAV immünizasyon ihtiyacının saptanması, olguların yaşlarına göre gruplandırılması ve ülkemizde farklı bölgelerden yapılan çalışmalarla kıyaslamanın yapılması amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji polikliniğine 01.01.2016 ile 01.01.2018 tarihleri arasında başvuran HBsAg pozitif erişkin hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak dosya incelemesi ile elde edildi. Hastaların HBsAg ve Anti-HAV Ig G tetkikleri Elisa yöntemi ile Arcitect I 2000 system Abbott Laboratories Abbott Park, IL,USA ile mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarında çalışıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 486 vakanın yaş ortalaması 36,4 ±14,6 olup, 375’i %77,2 kadın, 111’i %22,8 erkekti. HBsAg pozitif hastalarda Anti-HAV Ig G pozitifliği; 18-30 yaş arası 59/157 %37.5 ve tüm yaş gruplarında 486/340 %69.9 idi.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda hepatit B virüs enfeksiyonu olan 30 yaş altındaki kişilerde, HAV ile karşılaşma oranı %37.5 olup, bu yaş grubunun yaklaşık %63’ünün HAV enfeksiyonuna karşı risk altında olduğu saptanmıştır. HAV enfeksiyonunun kronik hepatit B’ li hastalarda daha riskli komplikasyonlara sebep olması nedeniyle bu hastalardan seronegatif olanlara HAV aşısının uygulanması unutulmamalıdır

Introduction: In the recent years, presepsin has been defined as a biomarker useful in the early diagnosis of sepsis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin in patients with a Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. Materials and Methods: Totally 65 patients (42 patients diagnosed with the SIRS, sepsis, or septic shock, and 23 healthy controls) were included in this prospective case-control study. Results: On the first day of hospitalization, the median value of presepsin [687.5 pg/ml (115-10049 pg/ml)] in the patient group was significantly higher than the control group [71.5 pg/ml (44.1-170 pg/ml)] (p

Cellular functions are largely performed by proteins. Defects in the production, folding, or removal of proteins from the cell lead to perturbations in cellular functions that can result in pathological conditions for the organism. In cells, molecular chaperones are part of a network of surveillance mechanisms that maintains a functional proteome. Chaperones are involved in the folding of newly synthesized polypeptides and assist in refolding misfolded proteins and guiding proteins for degradation. The present review focuses on the molecular co-chaperone prefoldin. Its canonical function in eukaryotes involves the transfer of newly synthesized polypeptides of cytoskeletal proteins to the tailless complex polypeptide 1 ring complex (TRiC/CCT) chaperonin which assists folding of the polypeptide chain in an energy-dependent manner. The canonical function of prefoldin is well established, but recent research suggests its broader function in the maintenance of protein homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Interestingly, non-canonical functions were identified for the prefoldin complex and also for its individual subunits. We discuss the latest findings on the prefoldin complex and its subunits in the regulation of transcription and proteasome-dependent protein degradation and its role in neurological diseases, cancer, viral infections and rare anomalies.

BackgroundCharlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is the common and valid method to predict mortality by classifying comorbidities such as cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, hepatic, pulmonary diseases, and malignancy. Novel risk factors are not included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index, such as thyroid hormone index (FT3/FT4 ratio) and serum albumin levels. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether the thyroid hormone index and albumin are useful clinical parameters in short and long-term mortality.MethodsIn the retrospective cohort study with a 5 year follow up, the data of 1292 patients who were hospitalized between January 1st-June 30th of 2014 were examined. Three months mortality as short term and 5-year mortality as long term were evaluated.ResultsThree months and 5 years mortality rates for 1064 patients were analyzed. We showed that hypoalbuminemia and thyroid hormone index had statistically significant effects on short and long-term mortality. According to ROC analysis it was demonstrated that the scoring system including biochemical parameters such as thyroid hormone index and serum albumin level was more significant for 3-month mortality. In addition, both scoring systems are equal in demonstrating long-term mortality.ConclusionThyroid hormone index and albumin could improve the prognostic performance of the original Charlson Comorbidity Index in short term mortality. The combined score may offer improvements in comorbidity summarization over existing scores.

Background Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is the common and valid method to predict mortality by classifying comorbidities such as cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, hepatic, pulmonary diseases, and malignancy. Novel risk factors are not included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index, such as thyroid hormone index (FT3/FT4 ratio) and serum albumin levels. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether the thyroid hormone index and albumin are useful clinical parameters in short and long-term mortality. Methods In the retrospective cohort study with a 5 year follow up, the data of 1292 patients who were hospitalized between January 1st–June 30th of 2014 were examined. Three months mortality as short term and 5-year mortality as long term were evaluated. Results Three months and 5 years mortality rates for 1064 patients were analyzed. We showed that hypoalbuminemia and thyroid hormone index had statistically significant effects on short and long-term mortality. According to ROC analysis it was demonstrated that the scoring system including biochemical parameters such as thyroid hormone index and serum albumin level was more significant for 3-month mortality. In addition, both scoring systems are equal in demonstrating long-term mortality. Conclusion Thyroid hormone index and albumin could improve the prognostic performance of the original Charlson Comorbidity Index in short term mortality. The combined score may offer improvements in comorbidity summarization over existing scores.

قد اجتهد العلماء في الحديث عن وجه الإعجاز القرآني كالإعجاز البياني فكثرت الكتب والبحوث فكان من بين هذه الكتب (تفسير المراغي) فقد كانت تعليلاته ميسرة وسهلة، وكما أن تكرار العلة لدى المفسرين لا يدل على جمود المفسر عند هذه العلة، وإنّما يدل على أن هذه العلة أقرب إلى النص وأحق به من غيره.

The aim of this study was to search for any relations between the neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the development of osteomyelitis and the need for amputation in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI). All data included DFI patients who were hospitalized in our Infectious Diseases Clinic between 2012 and 2015 and who were classified according to International Classification Disease Code System. 75 patients were analyzed in the study. The DFI patients were stratified into 3 groups of whom had amputation procedure, whom had only debridement/drainage procedure and whom had any surgery procedure. Sidac post hoc analysis was used to perform the effects of NLR, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and glycosylated hemoglobin on the surgery procedure status. The DFI patients were also stratified into two another separate group for another analysis to search for the effect of NLR values on the development of osteomyelitis. The mean value of NLR in the amputated patients’ group (15.7±10.3 was significantly higher than those with debridement procedure (9.9±5.6) and those without any surgery (6.0±2.8) (P=0.001). NLR values were also found significantly higher in patients with osteomyelitis in the second analysis (P=0.004). In this study, the NLR was found to have a predictive value on the development of osteomyelitis and on the progression to amputation in patients with DFI.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins. Pleural effusion and abdominal ascites frequently accompany this syndrome. In this paper, we present the case of a 22-year-old female patient who was admitted to our clinic with the complaints of sudden chest pain and dyspnea and was treated with ovulation induction. Exudative pleural effusion and ascites were determined in the patient. Pelvic ultrasonography revealed enlarged ovaries with numerous follicular cysts compatible with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Her estradiol level was >5054 pg/ml. The diagnosis of OHSS was established after elimination of other causative factors of polyserositis (pleural effusion and ascites). The disappearance of pleural effusion and ascites spontaneously in a week supported our diagnosis. Herein, we aimed to emphasize that OHSS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of polyserositis in young female patients with a history of ovulation induction history. (The Me­di­cal Bul­le­tin of Ha­se­ki 2014; 52: 56-9)

Background: Recent studies showed a high frequency of low bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected patients and no reports have been issued in Turkey. Our aim was to evaluate BMD and risk factors for osteopenia/osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients that attended an outpatient clinic in Istanbul, Turkey. Method: In order to determine the prevalence of BMD, 126 HIV-infected patients had been studied with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The association between BMD and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), habits, 25(OH)vitamin D, HIV RNA, CD4 lymphocyte nadir, using and duration of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) were investigated by using multivariate analysis. Results: Median age was 40.1 years (range, 20–70); 84% were male; 35.7% patients had AIDS, 63.5% were treated with HAART. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were diagnosed in 53.9% and 23.8%, respectively. Mean plasma HIV RNA was 5.2 (SD 1.0) log10 copies/mL and CD4 lymphocyte nadir was 313.8 (SD 226.2)/mm3. Factors associated with bone loss were high viral load (p = 0.034), using (p = 0.033) and duration of HAART (p = 0.008). No correlation had been seen between sex and osteopenia/osteoporosis (p = 0.794). However, males showed higher rates of osteoporosis than females (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Our results show a very high prevalence of bone mass reduction in Turkish HIV-infected patients. This study supports the importance of both HIV and antiretroviral therapy in low BMD. Keywords: Osteopenia/osteoporosis, HIV/AIDS, Prevalence, Risk factors

Urethral stents usually provide initial, dramatic relief from obstructive voiding symptoms. However, complications such as recurrent urinary tract infections, stent migration, encrustation and recurrent urethral strictures are not rare, and stents should be removed when complications occur. Urethral stent removal is associated with potential risks of urethral injury, bleeding and external sphincter trauma. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) accelerates wound healing by increasing tissue microcirculation, decreasing capillary pressure and resolving tissue edema. Although HBO has been used in various urologic applications, there is no report of HBO therapy being used to treat isolated urethral injuries. Here we present a case of urethral stripping caused by endoscopic stent removal, and its conservative treatment with HBO therapy.

The aim of the research is to investigate best retrofitting strategies that minimizing energy consumption within the context of thermal comfort. The research has targeted two residential compounds in the University of Sharjah: Al Khwarizmi and Al Baironi. Climate Consultant and ECOTECT were used in the simulation process in order to select best passive strategies and tools for the retrofitting. Several parameters such as building orientation, shading devices, and glazing types, were tested during the simulation process. As a result, the study determined the most suitable tools for the existing compounds. The study showed that the use of double glazing with shading devices reduced cooling loads in Al Baironi with 5.42 MWh and 8.13 MWh in Al Khwarizmi. Also, addressed that U-shaped residential layout is more efficient than liner-shaped layout.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies showed a high frequency of low bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected patients and no reports have been issued in Turkey. Our aim was to evaluate BMD and risk factors for osteopenia/osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients that attended an outpatient clinic in Istanbul, Turkey. METHOD: In order to determine the prevalence of BMD, 126 HIV-infected patients had been studied with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The association between BMD and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), habits, 25(OH)vitamin D, HIV RNA, CD4 lymphocyte nadir, using and duration of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) were investigated by using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Median age was 40.1 years (range, 20-70); 84% were male; 35.7% patients had AIDS, 63.5% were treated with HAART. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were diagnosed in 53.9% and 23.8%, respectively. Mean plasma HIV RNA was 5.2 (SD 1.0) log10 copies/mL and CD4 lymphocyte nadir was 313.8 (SD 226.2)/mm³. Factors associated with bone loss were high viral load (p = 0.034), using (p = 0.033) and duration of HAART (p = 0.008). No correlation had been seen between sex and osteopenia/osteoporosis (p = 0.794). However, males showed higher rates of osteoporosis than females (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a very high prevalence of bone mass reduction in Turkish HIVinfected patients. This study supports the importance of both HIV and antiretroviral therapy in low BMD.