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هدفت الدراسة إلى تحليل التناقص في مساحة الأراضي الزراعية بالوحدات الإدارية في موقع الشيخ سعد ومحيطه مكانياً خلال الفترة (2013-2023)، حيث تم اختيار مجموعة من الوحدات الإدارية القريبة والبعيدة نسبياً عن مركز المدينة (القريبة من الطريق العام والبعيدة عنه) ، كما تم ربط تناقص مساحة الأراضي الزراعية بالتوسع العمراني وبالزيادة السكانية لتحديد العوامل التي ساهمت بشكل أكبر في تناقص مساحة الأراضي الزراعية في منطقة الدراسة. اعتمدت الدراسة على استخدام أهم المؤشرات الحديثة لتحديد معدل التناقص في مساحة الأراضي الزراعية ومن هذه المؤشرات مؤشر اختلاف الغطاء النباتي NDVI. ومؤشرتمييز المناطق العمرانية NDBI لتحديد الأراضي العمرانية بالاعتماد على مرئيتين للقمر الصناعي لاندسات (Landsat8) الملتقطة في التاريخين 2013، 2023. توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: تراجع مساحة الأراضي الزراعية على مستوى منطقة الدراسة من 3855.8 هكتار عام 2013 إلى 3727.4 هكتار عام 2023، وأظهرت وجود علاقة عكسية قوية بين النمو العمراني ومساحة الأراضي الزراعية وعلاقة عكسية متوسطة بين النمو السكاني ومساحة الأراضي الزراعية. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة المحافظة على الأراضي الزراعية ومنع الزحف العمراني نحوها وحددت مناطق مؤهلة للنمو العمراني السريع وأكدت على ضرورة مراقبتها والحفاظ على الأراضي الزراعية فيها.

Objective To explore the coping strategies of caregivers of children who have survived paediatric cancer in Jordan.Materials and methods This study used a cross-sectional survey design and convenient sampling. The sample included 102 caregivers of children who have survived cancer, and outcome measures included the Arabic-translated Brief COPE, and caregiver and child demographic and condition questionnaire. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, analysis of frequencies, Spearman-rank order correlations and linear regression.Results Caregivers most frequently used religion coping (mean=6.42, SD=1.85), followed by acceptance (mean=5.95, SD=1.96) and planning (mean=5.05, SD=1.94). The least used coping strategies were humour (mean=2.98, SD=1.24) and behavioural disengagement as coping strategies (mean=3.01, SD=1.42). Having a female child predicted more self-distraction utilisation (β=0.265, p=0.007).Conclusion Caregivers of children who have survived cancer in Jordan frequently use passive coping strategies like religion and acceptance coping to overcome daily life stressors. Caregivers might benefit from psychosocial occupational therapy interventions to support their engagement in more active or problem-focused coping strategies.

Chemical additives to perovskite precursors constitute a predominant route to passivate defects in perovskite films and improve carrier charge dynamics. In this work, ionic liquids (ILs) with chloride and iodide anions are used as additives for bulk passivation of perovskite films. The ionic liquids in the form of 1‑butyl‑4-methylpyradinium iodide (IL-I) and 1-ethylimidazolium chloride (IL-Cl) are mixed individually with a precursor of Cesium Formamidinium Lead Triiodide and Methylammonium Chloride (CsFAPbI3−MACl). The decay of charge carriers within the perovskite film before and after passivation with ILs was measured by Time Resolved Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (TRPL). The effect of added ILs on the recombination rate of the photocarriers was investigated by analyzing the decay of the TRPL signal in all samples. The average lifetimes obtained within one day of preparations were 79 ns, 73 ns and 275 ns for pristine perovskite, IL-I passivated perovskite and IL-Cl passivated perovskite films, respectively. These values show that the presence of the IL with chloride anion greatly improves the average lifetime of the charge carrier by around 250%, while IL with iodide anion decreased the lifetime by 32% as compared with the pristine perovskite sample. This finding renders the IL-Cl passivated perovskite films as a valuable resource in applications ranging from photoelectric to hydrogen generation devices.

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Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (pedDTC) is a rare pediatric malignancy with an increasing incidence over time. To date, there is a paucity of literature specifically addressing pedDTC within the context of Middle Eastern ethnicity. This retrospective study aimed to assess the risk-stratifying factors for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in pediatric DTC patients from Iraq and Jordan. The medical records of 81 patients from two tertiary cancer institutes were retrieved. Kaplan–Meier analysis was employed to investigate OS and EFS, and the Cox proportional hazards model was employed to estimate hazard ratios. All patients underwent surgery and radioactive iodine therapy, with a median age of 14 and an interquartile range of 12–15. Lymph node involvement was observed in 55% of cases, while distant metastases were present in 13.5%. After a median follow-up period of 68 months, the 10-year survival rate was determined to be 94%, while the 10-year EFS rate was 58%. EFS was negatively impacted by cervical lymph node metastases and early age of diagnosis (p ≤ 0.01, each). Therefore, pediatrics with initial cervical lymph node metastases and those diagnosed before puberty tend to experience poorer EFS, which may justify the need for more aggressive management plans.

In this work, the corrosion resistance of mild steel surface nanostructured with a femtosecond laser and coated with high corrosion resistant CrCoNi (CCN) medium entropy alloy through magnetron sputtering is studied. Substantial improvement in corrosion protection was achieved by applying a combination of high-power femtosecond laser surface nano-structuring at ambient conditions and thin-film coating with (CCN) medium entropy alloy. XRD analysis revealed that femtosecond laser structuring increases the susceptibility of the surfaces to Fe2O3 nucleation through oxidation. The surface wettability measurements and electrochemical polarization tests revealed that the combined approach of femtosecond laser structuring and magnetron sputter coating is the best for desired high corrosion resistance. Through this novel method, the resulting corrosion resistance of mild steel was improved by more than one-fold. The results are explained considering the detailed microstructural analysis. The presented findings open new possibilities for corrosion prevention using a combination of new powerful technologies that yield to unprecedented corrosion-inhibition efficacy.

Herein, we utilized several deep eutectic solvents (DES) that were based on hydrogen donors and hydrogen acceptors for their antibacterial application. These DES were tested for their bactericidal activities against Gram-positive (Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli K1, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens) bacteria. Using lactate dehydrogenase assays, DES were evaluated for their cytopathic effects towards human cells. Results from antibacterial tests revealed that DES prepared from the combination of methyl-trioctylammonium chloride and glycerol (DES-4) and DES prepared form methyl-trioctylammonium chloride and fructose (DES-11) at a 2 µL dose showed broad-spectrum antibacterial behavior and had the highest bactericidal activity. Moreover, DES-4 showed 40% and 68% antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and E. coli K1, respectively. Similarly, DES-11 eliminated 65% and 61% E. coli K1 and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Among Gram-positive bacteria, DES-4 showed important antibacterial activity, inhibiting 75% of B. cereus and 51% of S. pneumoniae. Likewise, DES-11 depicted 70% B. cereus and 50% S. pneumoniae bactericidal effects. Finally, the DES showed limited cytotoxic properties against human cell lines with the exception of the DES prepared from Methyltrioctylammonium chloride and Citric acid (DES-10), which had 88% cytotoxic effects. These findings suggest that DES depict potent antibacterial efficacies and cause minimal damage to human cells. It can be concluded that the selected DES in this study could be utilized as valuable and novel antibacterial drugs against bacterial infections. In future work, the mechanisms for bactericides and the cytotoxicity effects of these DES will be investigated.

We propose the use of novel adsorbents, namely, micelle?clay complexes, made up of cetyl-pyridinium chloride (CPC) and clay for the eradication of keratitis-causing Acanthamoeba. The possibility of adding CPC, approved by the FDA for human use, in a contact lens disinfectant to formulate effective disinfectants is discussed further.