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Background: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is widely recognized by clinicians and trainers as a valuable tool for the prediction and prevention of training injuries in sports population. However, some studies suggested that FMS may not fully meet the needs of professional athletes. To address this, the Modified Functional Movement Screen (MFMS) has been specifically developed for athletes. Methods: A total of 527 male athletes in active service without prior training injuries 18.5 ± 1.2 years old) underwent the MFMS test, and their training injuries were monitored during a 2-year follow-up period. The ability of the MFMS to predict the risk of training injury was evaluated based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the total MFMS score. Binary logistic analysis was employed to examine the correlation between the 10 MFMS tests and the risk of training injury. Results: The injured group of athletes had significantly lower total MFMS scores compared to the healthy group (P

Objective To investigate the occurrence of foot and ankle injuries in military training of Ⅲ personnel (professional technicians) during long-distance march so as to provide basis for scientific training. Methods During a certain military training activity in May 2021, a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate all the Ⅲ personnel in a certain unit. The personnel were divided into groups according to sex, age, intensity of walking exercise, and types of combat boots and socks, respectively, and the data were analyzed by the staff of the research group. Results Finally, 285 valid questionnaires were obtained among the 325 participants, with a validity rate of 88%, including 163 cases of pain (57.2%) and 104 cases of blisters (36.5%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of blisters among the groups. Totally 80.1% of the blisters and 77.3% of the pain occurred in the forefoot area. Based on visual analogue scale (VAS) score, the pain score of participants over 50 years old was decreased significantly (P=0.032), and wearing uniform socks could significantly reduce the pain score (P=0.033). During the period, there were no cases of fracture, operation or other cases, and no one withdrew from training activities due to injuries. Conclusion Ⅲ personnel in the army are prone to pain and blisters in the forefoot area when they carry out long-distance training. Age and the type of socks are important factors affecting pain.

Objective To investigate the status of fatigue in the army special operations forces (SOF) and its relationship with occupational specialties. Methods A total of 203 operators at special positions were recruited from SOF divisions. Their fast venous blood and urine samples were collected in the next morning after regular military training. Hemoglobin (HB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea acid (UA), creatine (CRE), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and microscale albuminuria (MAU) were measured and evaluated according to medical reference ranges and suitable restored limits recommended by National Bureau of Sports, so as to reflect the status of fatigue. The levels in the SOF group were compared to our data of HB, CRE, CPK and LDH levels in 162 non-SOF soldiers collected 7 years ago. The differences of the 7 biomarkers among the different SOF positions, and the correlation of these biomarkers with the occurrence of training-related injuries (strain and laceration) were analyzed. Results In the SOF operators, 17.2%, 2.5%, 34.0%, 0%, 78.3%, 14.3% and 21.1% of them had abnormalities when compared with the medical reference ranges for HB, BUN, UA, CRE, CPK and LDH, respectively, and even 32.5%, 0.0%, 57.1% and 11.3% of them separately had their HB, BUN, CPK and LDH values beyond the restored values in professional athletes after exercise. There were more SOF operators having abnormal HB and UA values than the soldiers from non-SOF force (proportions beyond medical reference ranges for HB: 1.3% and UA: 6.8%, and 12.3% of them beyond the restored value)(P < 0.001). Significant differences were seen in the CPK, LDH and MAU values among the operators of different SOF positions, and scouts had higher levels in multiple biomarkers. The CPK level was positively correlated with UA (P=0.013), LDH (P < 0.001) and MAU (P=0.015), and that of CRE was with BUN (P < 0.001) and UA (P < 0.001). Among the SOF operators with repetitive strain or laceration injuries, they had higher proportions of CPK and LDH abnormalities (both P < 0.05). Conclusion There are large proportion of the SOF operators having abnormal multiple biomarkers for fatigue status when compared with the medical references and the returned values in professional athletes after exercise. The fatigue status of scouts is at a high level in all specialties, and CPK and LDH may have potential to monitor the fatigue status in them.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a martial art that focuses on groundwork, joint locks, and chokeholds. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of injuries sustained during BJJ training. A 27-question research survey was e-mailed to 166 BJJ gyms in the United States. Demographic information, belt level, weight class, training hours, competition experience, and injury prevalence data were collected. The majority of respondents were Caucasian (n = 96) males (n = 121) with an average age of 30.3 years. Overall, the most common injury locations were to the hand and fingers (n = 70), foot and toes (n = 52), and arm and elbow (n = 51). The most common medically diagnosed conditions were skin infections (n = 38), injuries to the knee (n =26), and foot and toes (n = 19). The most common non-medically diagnosed injuries occurred to the hand and fingers (n = 56), arm and elbow (n = 40), and foot and toes (n = 33). In general, athletes were more likely to sustain distal rather than proximal injuries. Athletes reported more frequent medically diagnosed injuries to the lower extremity and more frequent self-diagnosed injuries to the upper extremity. Upper extremity injuries appear to be more frequent but less severe than lower extremity injuries with the opposite being true for lower extremity injuries.