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Social accountability has been acknowledged as an important facet of medical education delivery as it envisages that healthcare professionals have the responsibility to be accountable for health-related community needs. The purpose of the current review is to identify the factors that determine the success of social accountability in medical education and explore different ways in which technology can aid in the implementation of social accountability initiatives in medical institutions. The successful implementation of socially accountable medical education depends on a broad gamut of factors, which can be associated with different stakeholders, including the role of technology in facilitating the implementation of the same. Owing to the fact that technology has reached every aspect of human life, it is our responsibility to explore its scope in promoting the attainment of competencies pertaining to social accountability among medical students. In conclusion, social accountability in medical education has multiple benefits and has emerged as the need of the hour. The integration of technology into socially accountable medical education plays a defining role in improving the effectiveness of educational activities, facilitating better community and student engagement, and eventually contributing to the production of socially responsible healthcare professionals.

In the field of medical education, moral case deliberations refer to a structured process, wherein health professionals together discuss and analyze moral issues or ethical dilemmas encountered in their clinical practice. The purpose of the current review is to explore the merits of moral case deliberations, identify the components, enumerate the strategies that can be used for implementation, and enlist the potential challenges and the remedial measures to overcome them. Moral case deliberations can be implemented in medical education in several ways that can be seamlessly integrated into the existing medical curriculum without stretching the overall duration of the training period. The path to successfully implement moral case deliberations in a medical school has its own share of challenges, and we must be aware of them to adopt countermeasures to overcome them. In conclusion, moral case deliberations play a vital role in augmenting ethical competence and establishing a culture of reflective practice among medical students. As medical students are bound to encounter multiple ethical dilemmas in their future clinical practice, it is our responsibility to incrementally expose them to such cases as a part of their undergraduate training to eventually prepare them for effective healthcare delivery.

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a major public health problem worldwide. They continue to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and it is alarming that these diseases are becoming more common in people of the young age group. Although various risk factors have been proposed, smoking, dyslipidemia, and hypertension are prominent emerging risk factors in the young. The primary pathogenic mechanism for most cardiovascular disorders, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, and Myocardial Infarction (MI), is atherosclerosis. Plaque rupture is the most common cause of MI, although distinctive symptoms such as plaque erosion, coronary microvascular dysfunction, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, and drug-related coronary spasm are more common in this age range. Various lifestyle factors, including, but not limited to, physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, poor eating habits, and drug abuse, contribute to the development of comorbid conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and diabetes, increasing the likelihood of having heart disease. To mitigate the societal impact of CVD and promote a healthier future for the next generation, proactive measures, such as regular physical activity and a balanced diet, are essential. This will be addressed in terms of lifestyle, environmental, physiological, pathological, and psychological aspects.

With limited areas where people can work out, an increase in sedentary work with the growing popularity of desk jobs and television and video devices, inactive lifestyles are becoming more and more common around the world. The objective of the current review is to explore the role of sedentary habits in the causation of different diseases and their impact on global health standards. Consequently, the associated health problems are becoming more serious. Inactivity has a significant influence on the human body in numerous ways. It disrupts lipolysis, transporter proteins, muscle glucose, the metabolic process, and lipoprotein lipase functionality. Prolonged sedentary behavior directly impacts the gravity, body weight balance, and can lead to fluid retention, obesity, and an increase in oxidative stress. An inactive lifestyle has a range of adverse impacts on our bodies, including a surge in all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and the probability of contracting diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in addition to physical ailments like arthralgia and osteoporosis, mental health issues like depression, and mental retardation. Consequently, to advance public health, we need to reduce sedentary practices and increase physical activity.