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Abstract Camellia oleifera is an important woody oil tree in China, in which the flowers and fruits appear during the same period. The endogenous hormone changes and transcription expression levels in different parts of the flower tissue (sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils), flower buds, leaves, and seeds of Changlin 23 high-yield (H), Changlin low-yield (L), and control (CK) C. oleifera groups were studied. The abscisic acid (ABA) content in the petals and stamens in the L group was significantly higher than that in the H and CK groups, which may be related to flower and fruit drops. The high N6-isopentenyladenine (iP) and indole acetic acid (IAA) contents in the flower buds may be associated with a high yield. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that the protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), jasmonate-zim-domain protein (JAZ), and WRKY-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) may play an important role in determining leaf color. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) comparison showed that jasmonic acid (JA) and cytokinin play an important role in determining the pistil of the H group. In this study, endogenous hormone and transcriptome analyses were carried out to identify the factors influencing the large yield difference in C. oleifera in the same year, which provides a theoretical basis for C. oleifera in the future.

Pinus Yunnanensis var. pygmaea (Fam: pinaceae; Gen: Pinus), is a mutant of Pinus yunnanensis. Franch. To contribute to its conservation, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of P. yunnanensis var. Pygmaea was sequenced and assembled by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that P. yunnanensis var. pygmaea cp genome contained 101 genes, including 64 protein-coding genes, 33 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the cp genome is 38.50%. A phylogenetic tree reconstructed by 16 cp genomes reveals that P. yunnanensis var. pygmaea is most related with Pinus taiwanensis.

Camellia anlungensis is a rare and ornamental plant. To contribute to its conservation, the complete chloroplast (cp.) genome of C. anlungensis was sequenced and assembled by high-throughput sequencing technology, and its characteristics were analyzed and clustering relationship was studied in the present study. The complete cp. genome of C. anlungensis is 156,587 bp in length, containing a LSC region of 86,262 bp, a SSC region of 18,339 bp and two IR regions of 25,993 bp. The overall A + T content of C. anlungensiscp genome is 62.7%. The annotated complete cp. genome contains 114 genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that C. anlungensisis grouped with C. leptophylla, C. ptilophylla, C. pubicosta, C. grandibracteata and C. sinensis.