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The heating technology and temperature uniformity of glass substrate (GS) are crucial for the final display quality and efficiency of OLED. In a high-temperature and large heating environment with mutual influences among multiple variables, maintaining temperature difference of the entire GS below 3 °C presents a complex combinatorial optimization problem in industrial manufacturing. To address this challenge, an automatic combined method is established. This method involves parameterized modeling in UG, thermal calculation in CFD, and genetic algorithm optimization in Matlab to determine optimum designs for electric heating tube (EHT) heating temperature and interval with respect to objective functions of temperature uniformity and highest temperature. Through this automatic combined optimized scheme, the optimized heating temperature and EHT interval have been achieved to ensure maintaining a temperature difference of entire GS within 3 °C. All simulations are validated by experiments with an error below 10 %, especially below 1 % under multi EHTs. A heating scheme of 13 EHTs with a radius 6 mm, a distance 5 mm, a temperature 390 °C and an uniform interval 38.5 mm is suggested after final optimization. It is hoped that this study can advance heating technology of OLED GS to achieve the desired practical level.

Cryogenic micro flow heat transfer (CMFHT) has been increasingly interest nowadays due to the urgent needs of superconductive technology, quantum engineering, space cryocooler and other frontier fields. Chasing its high-efficiency region is a key challenge as thermal penetration depth is limited in cryogenic microscale. Therefore, this paper focuses on high-efficiency region in CMFHT, and newly proposes two parameters: thermal and viscous Knudsen numbers (KnT and Knv) based on traditional Knudsen number Kn, which can improve the errors on micro measurement and the inconveniences on high-efficiency region analysis induced by Kn. High-efficiency region is modeled by the three Knudsen numbers and is separated into slip or continuum type bounded by Kn = 0.001. The effects of gas species, temperature and pressure on KnT and Knv are studied and it is found that the reductions of both thermal penetration depth and the range between thermal and viscous penetration depths with temperature dropping deteriorate heat transfer at low temperature. After applicability validations based on opened literatures, it is suggested that in cryogenics ensuring Kn > KnT (Lδv) or making Kn and Knv as close as possible.

A new kind of bio-nanocomposite photoelectrode was fabricated through directimmobilization of the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) proteins on ananocrystalline TiO2 matrix prepared by anodic electrodeposition. The near-infrared (NIR)-visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectra displayed that structure and activity ofthe RC remained unaltered on the nano-TiO2 film surface. High efficient light-harvesting ofthe NIR light energy by RC contributed to the distinct enhancement of the photoelectricconversion on such nanoporous matrix, which would provide a new strategy to developversatile biomimic energy convertors or photoelectric sensors.

In work, (002) oriented flower-like Bi2O2CO3(BOC) composites are synthesized by a facile chemical route and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are modified on their surfaces through a hydrothermal method. The synthesized samples (CQD/BOC) are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffuser reflectances (DRS), BET and TEM/HRTEM. The morphologies of CQD/BOC composites are the flower-like shapes, the irregular flaky structures and the fine spherical particles of CQDs attached. Photocatalytic performances were investigated in terms of removing gaseous toluene at a concentration of 94.3ppm in air, with the assistance of CQD/BOC under artificial irradiation. Our results show that CQDs modified (002) oriented Bi2O2CO3 exhibits good photocatalytic activity for toluene decomposition, which can be attributed to the enhanced efficient charge separation. A certain ratio composite photocatalyst (BOC-CQD-15) shows a toluene removal rate of 96.62% in three hours, as well as great stability. CO2 was verified to be the primary product. The oriented flower-like Bi2O2CO3 with carbon quantum dots on the surface shows great potential in the field of solar driven air purification.