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A Caribbean University in the Global South is committed to sustaining Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) "Leadership" research as it remains a crucial driver for leading social and economic transformation in the aftermath of the COVID-19 global pandemic. This exploratory study aims to examine the extent to which a“TVET Leadership'' focus exists in research titles of final projects/theses from this University’s Leadership in TVET and Workforce Development graduate programs and explore directions for future knowledge development. Using content analysis, these final research projects/theses’ titles were thematically categorized that revealed a lot more emphasis on such themes as TVET stakeholder perceptions, pedagogy, and youth participation than “Leadership.” These findings will resonate with local “TVET” research supervisors and supervisees in the Global South at a premiere Caribbean university in knowing what research has been done in their chosen field in avoiding duplication of efforts and knowing what remains to be researched. The study findings will also contribute to the limited scholarly literature from the Caribbean in the Global South on knowledge development in TVET “Leadership” research.

Abstract The purpose of this research is to present the knowledge sharing model in Maskan Bank of Iran. The research method is applicable in term of its purpose, and mixed in terms of implementation. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes 15 experts, professors, and all people who have had practical or research activities in the field of knowledge sharing, using a purposive sampling method; and in the quantitative part, it includes 344 employees of the headquarters of Maskan Bank of Tehran, using a simple random sampling method. Data collection was done in the qualitative part by using semi-structured interviews; and in the quantitative part by a researcher-made questionnaire. The data-based method was used in the analysis of the data of the qualitative part, and PLS software in the quantitative. The results in the qualitative part showed that 6 structures include: causal conditions (with 3 dimensions of universality and inevitability, the need to change the attitude towards branding, urban brand identity), contextual conditions (with 3 dimensions of brand structural coherence, urban branding, strategic location of city), intervening conditions (with 3 dimensions of tourist behavior pattern, investment/financing, environmental factors), dimensions of the phenomenon (with 3 dimensions of creating a platform for smart tourism, attention to stakeholders, integrated urban brand management), strategies (with 3 dimensions of urban advertising system improvement, smart urban branding design, urban brand culture), and consequences (with 3 dimensions of social capital development, development of quality of life, competitive power of urban brand). Based on the results of quantitative analysis, the relationships between significant research variables and the model have a good fit. Extended Abstract Introduction During many years and working in organizations, human resources acquire sets of ideas, thoughts, skills, experiences and applicable sciences. The collection of such reserves is considered the knowledge of each person, which is recorded in the person's mind over time. As long as this knowledge exists in a person's mind, other people do not have the ability to access and benefit from it. There are many organizations that have such people (Park & Gabbard, 2018). Leibovitz believes that knowledge management is a combination of acquisition and storage of obvious knowledge, along with intellectual capital management. In other words, knowledge management is the process through which organizations use their collected information. Approaches to knowledge management depend on the management perspective. Differences can be caused by information-based, technology-based, and culture-based perspectives (Asgharneghad & Haghdoust, 2022). Therefore, one of the most important means of continuous creation of knowledge is sharing it among all units and members of the organization with an emphasis on technology and social interaction, attention to which has an important role in the survival of the organization in the spaces facing the competitive organization (Gholipour domyeh, 2023). Knowledge sharing is the axis of development and transformation in different societies and it is considered the main focus of training specialized and trained human resources in any society. Realization of knowledge management, sharing and documenting it in financial and banking organizations is one of the basic needs of today's knowledge-oriented society. In the current age, which is called the age of knowledge, organizations are witnessing environments that are becoming more dynamic and challenging day by day, and consider intangible and spiritual capital, called knowledge, as an important and vital factor (Firouzi & Feyzi, 2017). Based on the said material, the researcher is trying to answer the question: what is the model of knowledge sharing in Iran Maskan Bank? Theoretical Framework Sharing knowledge Researchers state that one of the key assets of organizations is the knowledge they have access to (Hao et al, 2019). Knowledge sharing is the voluntary and enthusiastic transfer of acquired skills and experiences to other people and departments of the organization (Gupta et al, 2019). Knowledge sharing is also defined as informational behavior that requires effort and preparation to be responsive and understand information knowledge sharing (Kurmiawan at al, 2020). Knowledge sharing takes place voluntarily to share their expertise and knowledge with others with the intention of creating an interested learning process (Oyemomi et al, 2019). Hemti Nooddoost Gilani & Bagherzadeh (2023) investigated the relationship between intellectual capital and creativity with the mediating role of knowledge sharing perception in Sanat and Ma'dan Bank. The findings of the research indicated the existence of a positive and significant relationship between intellectual capital and creativity of employees in Sanat and Ma'dan Bank. Also, the mediating role of the perception variable of knowledge sharing in the relationship between the components of intellectual capital and creativity was confirmed. These findings mean that the emphasis on knowledge sharing by employees can have a positive effect on the creativity of employees in a way that significantly influences the effectiveness of intellectual capital on the creativity of employees. Gholipour domyeh (2023) investigated the simultaneous optimization of knowledge sharing and customer loyalty in social networks under the digital marketing approach. The results of the integrated approach on a company active in the field of digital marketing in Tehran showed that there is a significant positive effect of 6.47% between customer loyalty and knowledge sharing at a significance level of 1%. The results of the regression analysis also showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between knowledge sharing and customer loyalty under the digital marketing approach by 1.53%. AHP analysis showed that protestive behavior and purchase intention are the most important components of customer loyalty. Coding and implementation of the proposed bi-objective mathematical model in Games software provided a level of optimization in which maximum shared knowledge with maximum customer loyalty was achieved. Research methodology The research method is applicable in term of its purpose, and mixed in terms of implementation. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes 15 experts, professors, and all people who have had practical or research activities in the field of knowledge sharing, using a purposive sampling method; and in the quantitative part, it includes 344 employees of the headquarters of Maskan Bank of Tehran, using a simple random sampling method. Data collection was done in the qualitative part by using semi-structured interviews; and in the quantitative part by a researcher-made questionnaire. Research findings The data-based method was used in the analysis of the data of the qualitative part, and PLS software in the quantitative. The results in the qualitative part showed that 6 structures include: causal conditions (with 3 dimensions of universality and inevitability, the need to change the attitude towards branding, urban brand identity), contextual conditions (with 3 dimensions of brand structural coherence, urban branding, strategic location of city), intervening conditions (with 3 dimensions of tourist behavior pattern, investment/financing, environmental factors), dimensions of the phenomenon (with 3 dimensions of creating a platform for smart tourism, attention to stakeholders, integrated urban brand management), strategies (with 3 dimensions of urban advertising system improvement, smart urban branding design, urban brand culture), and consequences (with 3 dimensions of social capital development, development of quality of life, competitive power of urban brand). Conclusion The current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a knowledge sharing model in Iran Housing Bank. The results of this research are in agreement with the results of Hemti Nooddoost Gilani & Bagherzadeh (2023), Gholipour domyeh (2023), Azeem et al, (2021), Bayati et al, (2021), Ghanbari & Ahmadi (2022), Tabatabaei et al, (2020), Katlijn et al, (2021), Daphna et al, (2020), and Lee et al, (2020). Katlijn et al, (2021) in their study showed that people believe that their knowledge is an important part of their identity; sharing it is costly, but facilitates greater trust that the recipients of this knowledge have with future reciprocal rewards. According to the results of this research, the following suggestions are presented: Create a culture of knowledge sharing: managers should create a culture that encourages employees to share their knowledge and experiences. This can be through team meetings, internal publications, online systems, or collaboration platforms. Creating an atmosphere of cooperation: encouraging employees to cooperate and interact with each other is important. Banks can promote co-working spaces, hybrid teams, and joint projects so that employees can directly communicate with each other and share their knowledge. Internal training platforms: creating an internal training platform where employees can easily access training resources, recorded trainings, and online courses will help companies to share their knowledge with bank employees.

As a result of globalization, countries are collaborating more and sharing more information. People’s perspectives now encompass both domestic and international news. In English as a Second Language (ESL) classes, the appropriate use of rich and vibrant online English news resources gives second language learners (L2 learners) direct access to first-hand, authentic English knowledge through independent reading and digestion, as well as peer-assisted classroom activities. Through weekly peer-assisted sharing of online English news, the goal of this study is to improve L2 learners’ literacy, global competence, and appreciation of cultural diversity. This study examines the participants’ perceptions and feedback using both quantitative and qualitative methods to confirm the efficacy of this pedagogy. After the semester-long experiment, significant differences were found in the English proficiency test. Particularly, the experimental class’s reading and writing scores were significantly higher (p

Purpose: This study explores the knowledge development of network-based market orientation (MO) for the internationalization of disruptive innovation (DI) by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Subsurface engineering projects with high socio-environmental impacts raise strong controversies among stakeholders, which often affects the projects’ implementation. These controversies originate from a loss of public confidence in the decision-making process, lack of information about new technologies, and the desire of some promoters to avoid conflict. The lack of methodologies to structure each stage of the debate can, in this context, lead to the crystallization of the stakeholders’ positions and to the failure of the project. To promote mutual understanding and constructive exchanges, this article presents a combination of methods based on psychosocial engineering principles to support debate and encourage stakeholders to participate with an openness posture. The method is based on a set of studies conducted as part of the “Social Governance for Subsurface Engineering” project and includes three stages: (1) develop stakeholders’ knowledge so that they are able to participate in the debate with an informed viewpoint; (2) commit stakeholders to participate in the debate by adopting a posture conducive to constructive exchanges; and (3) structure exchanges between stakeholders through the use of cooperative methods facilitating the adoption of an openness posture.

In order to justify the investments made in research in the field of sports medicine, the outcomes and impacts of these investments should be assessed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status and impact of sports medicine studies on the production and development of knowledge. In this descriptive study bibliometric and scientometric methods were used on 1145 scientific productions of sports medicine indexed in the Web of Science database. Data were analyzed through Excel Software, and cooperation maps were drawn using VOSviewer Software. According to the findings, the ratio of citations to the articles on the scientific productions of sports medicine was 23.17, which is higher than the clinical medicine area (6.8). The ratio of citations to the authors was 5.46% and 52 articles (4.54%) of the articles appeared without citations. The average impact factor of journals publishing papers was 3.9. Most of the articles were published with the collaboration of five authors. The results of the present study, based on a selected model and a combination of indicators of the UK’s and Canadian Capital Return frameworks (from the production and development dimension), generally highlighted the validity and effectiveness of all indicators, including activity, quality, and development. The results revealed the most significant impact of the number and quality of each of the indicators in sports medicine in this area.

This study investigates the impact of engaging accounting students in a team-teaching role on their knowledge and competency development in a higher education setting. The research quantifies the knowledge gains from this learning-by-team-teaching intervention and explores students’ experiences with this intervention through survey data. The findings suggest that engaging students in a team-teaching role, specifically a sequential equal-status team-teaching role incorporating interactive teaching styles, significantly enhances knowledge development, particularly among lower-performing students. Students reported a largely positive experience across all performance levels, attributing their growth to improved knowledge, teamwork, and communication skills provided by the intervention. The study recognizes the benefits derived from the team-based design of the intervention, such as enhanced social constructivist knowledge development. Overall, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on learning-by-teaching strategies. It emphasizes the potential of engaging students in a team-teaching role to enhance their academic performance and the development of key professional competencies.

Denmark underwent major changes in the 1800s and the first part of the 1900s, which affected the role of education in the lives of women. Until then, women in Denmark had primarily worked as homemakers with few academic opportunities; but from the early 1900s, home economics developed as a field of knowledge, and several schools of home economics appeared across the country. Several factors contributed to and influenced this development. Focusing on the period 1890–1940, which was particularly important to the development of this knowledge field in Denmark, we consider the interests promoting the growth of this field of knowledge, its educational content, and the contradictory meaning it had for the social status of women. On the one hand, the development of home economics contributed to turning home duties into an educational and occupational area, preparing for a welfare state making the private sphere a public matter. On the other hand, it tied women to the private sphere and prevented their influence in the public sphere.

Global experience shows that society has to be focused on the model of new economy and recommendations of cognitology to improve the reliability of the functioning and development of society. Although many publications partially suggest options for solving this problem, complex analysis of the resources for the development of Ukrainian society still lacks methodological and practical substantiation. Thus, this article is aimed at summarizing the prerequisites for the development of theoretical and practical support for the formation of a social pattern within the new economy alongside with the development and utilization of cognitive resources. The article presents analysis of a) the trend to change social patterns, and b) factors that ensure the switch to using new knowledge that can provide designing and implementing successful reforms of society, as a whole and its economic system, in particular. The article proposes a variant of a collective survey hypothesis: “In a steady growth of the role and value of the latest knowledge in the innovative development of the economy, the cognitive capital of the firm, that is, knowledge of how to produce the latest corporate knowledge becomes a critical factor in providing large-scale and continuous innovations and progressive social and economic development of a country, in general.” Almost all scientists performing research of resources for the development of new economy have determined that it updates knowledge development. Combining provisions of philosophy, psychology and management presented in various research works, we have formed the theoretical basis for studying the cognitive potential of an employee. The necessity of gradual introduction of a research component into the academic activity of higher school is substantiated. The characteristic of each stage is presented as for the following: the purpose of the educational process, the criteria for assessing its results, the peculiarities of student's academic counselling.

BackgroundLearning digital technologies in higher education is a process of knowledge generation, and the rapid growth of technology in education has a significant impact on students’ learning behaviors, motivation, and knowledge development. Pakistan’s remarkable technological breakthrough has increased in the education field.Study objectivesThe study focuses on estimating students’ learning behaviors, identifying the positive influence of educational apps on digital learning platforms, and analyzing their impact on students’ motivation and knowledge development.Materials and methodsAccording to the study’s objectives, a questionnaire survey was conducted to gather the primary data. The participants were students of universities in Lahore city of Pakistan. For this study, the sample size was N = 300, carefully chosen using the purposive sampling technique. Of the respondents, there were 146 male and 154 female students, and the sample consisted of individuals aged 25–35 years. Smart-PLS-Bootstrapping, T-Values (PLS) 3.2.9 and the structural equation model (SEM) were applied to get the appropriate outcomes from the proposed study framework.ResultsSEM analysis results shows that all proposed hypotheses [Animated Movies (AM) –> Student Motivation (SM), Educational Apps (EA) –> Knowledge Development (KD), Learning Behavior (LB) –> Animated Movies, Learning Behavior –> Educational Apps, Learning Behavior –> Knowledge Development, Learning Behavior –> Virtual Classrooms (VCr), Virtual Classrooms –> Knowledge Development, Virtual Classrooms –> Student Motivation] are confirmed while Learning Behavior –> Student Motivation is not confirmed.ConclusionThis study found that digital learning platforms significantly impact students’ learning and what motivates them to learn. The study also found that using educational apps and virtual classrooms more often helps students learn more and be more motivated to learn.

With the respect to the key factors, namely the psychological state of individuals and organizations, psychological capital (PsyCap) is widely used in various fields, such as management decisions and organizational behavior. To fully show the related studies and their knowledge development and mapping path, in this paper, we examine 2,786 papers about the PsyCap related research from 1970 to 2021. Based on the bibliometric analysis and main path demonstration (the tools are Cite-Space and Pajke, respectively), we derive some conclusions as follows: (1) the publication number about the PsyCap study is growing rapidly and it is a highly cross-cutting research topic. (2) The main authors come from Australia, the United States, and China, and also are the core researchers. (3) Refinement and measurement in the PsyCap study are constant and hot topics. (4) Stress, performance and well-being issues among students, health care workers and corporate employees are core research themes, and team organization, creativity, innovation, and COVID-19 are hot topics in this field. The bibliometric analysis are quantitatively analyzed to provide scholars with a more comprehensive insight into PsyCap research. The main path demonstration helps scholars to understand the main lines and key nodes of development in the field of psychological capital.

The aim of the article is to offer a reflection on the relationship between university and knowledge. This relationship today is threatened by a drift towards economic interest and an excess of bureaucracy and evaluation, which are often taken for granted without problematizing them. In fact, the way we understand this relationship actually has significant consequences on the functioning of universities and, even more so, on the knowledge that they should build independently and freely. The article is divided into three parts. The first part identifies three main functions that the university performs with respect to knowledge (preserving, transmitting and expanding it). In the second part, some key aspects of the relationship between university and knowledge are discussed in an epistemological perspective: epistemological aspects related to the conception of knowledge and aspects related to the social structure of knowledge. Finally, the third part discusses the conditions for a communicational relationship between specialists, and between disciplines, that is able to integrate these aspects.

Research FocusThe promotion of domain-specific knowledge is a central goal of higher education and, in the field of medicine, it is particularly essential to promote global health. Domain-specific knowledge on its own is not exhaustive; confidence regarding the factual truth of this knowledge content is also required. An increase in both knowledge and confidence is considered a necessary prerequisite for making professional decisions in the clinical context. Especially the knowledge of human physiology is fundamental and simultaneously critical to medical decision-making. However, numerous studies have shown difficulties in understanding and misconceptions in this area of knowledge. Therefore, we investigate (i) how preclinical medical students acquire knowledge in physiology over the course of their studies and simultaneously gain confidence in the correctness of this knowledge as well as (ii) the interrelations between these variables, and (iii) how they affect the development of domain-specific knowledge.MethodIn a pre–post study, 169 medical students’ development of physiology knowledge and their confidence related to this knowledge were assessed via paper-pencil questionnaires before and after attending physiology seminars for one semester. Data from a longitudinal sample of n = 97 students were analyzed using mean comparisons, regression analyses, and latent class analyses (LCAs). In addition, four types of item responses were formed based on confidence and correctness in the knowledge test.ResultsWe found a significant and large increase in the students’ physiology knowledge, with task-related confidence being the strongest predictor (apart from learning motivation). Moreover, a significantly higher level of confidence at t2 was confirmed, with the level of prior confidence being a strong predictor (apart from knowledge at t2). Furthermore, based on the students’ development of knowledge and confidence levels between measurement points, three empirically distinct groups were distinguished: knowledge gainers, confidence gainers, and overall gainers. The students whose confidence in incorrect knowledge increased constituted one particularly striking group. Therefore, the training of both knowledge and the ability to critically reflect on one’s knowledge and skills as well as an assessment of their development in education is required, especially in professions such as medicine, where knowledge-based decisions made with confidence are of vital importance.

Hybrid energy is a combination of two or more energy sources, some of which can be sourced from several renewable energies combined, or combined with fossil energy. Renewable energy diversity is implemented through the development of hybrid energy in order to obtain new energy sources that are more effective and efficient. Bibliometric analysis is directed to analyze topics that have novelty according to the time period of publication based on qualitative methods. Analysis of scientific literature sourced from scientific journals published in the last ten years with the topic of hybrid energy. The results of study stated that several topics that had novelty were obtained to be used in the development of further knowledge and technology, especially in the development of hybrid energy including energy density, renewable energy system, supercapacitor, storage system, algorithm, electric vehicle, and energy system. The development of hybrid energy is very important to be followed up in order to get more comprehensive source of energy diversity and has full support for development of green technology that has relevance in sustainable development.

Nursing theory has evolved since the 1960s, from conceptual models to concept analysis to mid-range theories. Mid-range theories are developed primarily for qualitative research, to target patient problems, to respond to patient needs, to identify interventions and the changing patterns of patient care. These mid-range theories cluster in various patterns to provide valid, coherent, and significant interventions. Examples of programs that have dramatically impacted our understanding of nursing and patient care are presented. Thus, by developing and implementing the findings of mid-range theories, nursing care matures, and the standards advance.

We assessed knowledge development and exchange among actors who patent orthopaedic devices in South Africa over the period 2000–2015. A social network analysis was performed on bibliometric data using co-inventorship on patents as an indicator of collaboration between different organisations, with a focus on the spatial and sectoral contexts. Network metrics and innovation system indices are used to describe knowledge development and exchange. The results show that university, healthcare and industry organisations have primarily been responsible for increased patenting over time. The key actors were a set of industry actors – a national actor and its US partner – who have patented many devices jointly. National universities were found to make a small contribution, and science councils were found to be absent, despite the efforts in the changing innovation landscape to encourage publicly financed research organisations to protect their intellectual property. The collaboration networks were found to be sparse and disjointed, with many actors – largely from the private healthcare sector – patenting in isolation. Significance: • The considerable number of patents filed by private sector clinicians in orthopaedic device innovation in their personal capacity is highlighted. • Few patents emanate from national universities, and science council actors are largely absent, despite the Intellectual Property Rights from Publicly Financed Research and Development Act to protect intellectual property emanating from public research organisations. • Patenting networks are more fragmented than are scientific publication networks. Open data set: https://doi.org/10.25375/uct.14417246.v1

Background: General practitioners and general internists occupy a key position in German and Austrian healthcare systems. They provide primary care and act as gatekeepers between medical disciplines and sectors of care. Their explicit medical knowledge levels, however, can be quite disparate. Objective: This study analyses whether general practitioners’ performances on a standardised knowledge test changes with four relevant socio-demographic variables.Design: The survey was based on the Progress Test Medicine (PTM), a standardised 200 item knowledge test on graduate level. After formal blueprinting and item analysis, 60 items of PTM were selected (“PTM-GP”) for our study. Participants: PTM-GP was presented ad hoc to general practitioners and internists from Germany and Austria at a number of professional meetings in 2011. 161 volunteers completed the survey. Main measures: For evaluation, correlation analysis (Spearman), Kruskal Wallis-tests for non-parametric data and an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were calculated.Results: Overall, four indicators turned out to be slightly significant for the performance on the PTM-GP, namely: Conclusions: Recent graduates performed better in the PTM-GP; a doctor’s licensing examination grade as well as training at a university hospital correlated positively with PTM-GP performance.A general doctor’s knowledge level is moderately influenced by exam grades, time since graduation, the institutional affiliation of postgraduate training and medical specialisation. Individual changes in knowledge over time have to be deliberately considered in lifelong learning. In consequence, the on-going teaching of medical knowledge should be integrated mandatory and verifiable into general doctors’ everyday practices, e.g. through repetitive knowledge tests with individual feedback and recommendations for further continuing medical education (CME).

Introduction: Evidence-based practice involves making decisions based on systematically collected knowledge from research, experience and users. Physiotherapists are expected to keep themselves updated within a range of fields, but the knowledge may be poorly available and difficult to translate into practice. The aim of this paper is to describe the process and share experiences from working with guidelines for evidence-based practice within paediatric physiotherapy in Trondheim Municipality. Main part: Through FYSIOPRIM, which is a research program for physiotherapy in primary health care, we have established structures for collaboration and development in Trondheim Municipality. The collaboration between researchers and physiotherapists seems beneficial in working for evidence-based practice. We have created a 3-step model for development of guidelines, consisting of preparation, organisation and execution. We here present the various steps and discuss experiences with this work in Trondheim Municipality. Conclusion: In this process of developing guidelines, we have used a method that has worked well in Trondheim Municipality. We think this model can be transferred to other municipalities working with guidelines for evidence-based practice in primary health care. We hope that this will stimulate other municipalities to develop knowledge within paediatric physiotherapy.

In this research, designing and validating the knowledge management model for university staff has been addressed. The methodology of the present study was applied in terms of objective, qualitative and qualitative data, and from the nature and type of the study is the type of foundation data. By interviewing and finally using the interpretive theory, a native pattern is finalized. The target population of the present study consist of academic experts. A sample of 30 target-oriented snowball counts was selected by experts from the field of science education. The research tool was a semi-structured interview form in which the template, dimensions, components and indicators of the KM model were set. For this, patterns, findings, studies, and theories were first examined. Then, they were counted by index coding, and after the categorization of the central coding, the final form of the interview was sent to 30 field experts to make selective coding and obtained through the Delphi technique and a deep interview saturation survey. Validity and validity of the organized interview form were obtained through the Delphi fan. The method of data analysis is qualitative and the results of this study indicate that the optimal model of knowledge management model for university staff is composed of 111 items that can be used by the staff of universities. The template consists of four dimensions, which, in order of priority, include the dimension of the production of knowledge, the dimension of the organization of knowledge, the application of knowledge, and then the reproduction of knowledge. The constructive components of the model include knowledge goals, knowledge recognition, knowledge acquisition, knowledge development, knowledge development and processing, knowledge storage and maintenance, knowledge sharing and sharing, application of knowledge, knowledge assessment and production, and creation of new knowledge.

This paper evaluates the professional development of 24 teachers involved in the Early Childhood Education-CPD Centre for Teachers-University Network ([blind review]). Collaborative research-action is carried out with teachers and pupils of Early Childhood Education, an adviser from the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Centre for Teachers, researchers, and teacher training undergraduates from the University of [blind review] ([blind review]). Taking a qualitative approach, through interviews, focus groups, and research journals, the benefits obtained by the teachers through their involvement in the [blind review] network are identified: (1) Their colleagues offer them emotional support and provide examples of good practices; (2) The teacher training undergraduates provide technological resources and the possibility of calmly observing what goes on in the classroom; (3) The researchers foster processes of reflection about practice and endorse the validity of the Project Approach; (4) The adviser provides continuing professional development.

One popular diagnosis for the problem of inequitable educational opportunities is the need for schools and schooling systems to undergo systemic change. While research shows that leadership support is essential for implementing system reforms, critical questions remain about how leaders help shift other’s understandings and practices. Employing the theory of sensegiving, this longitudinal, multiple-case study examines how administrators help teachers and other administrators make sense of a system reform during the first two years of implementation. I found that administrator’s unintentional sensegiving complicated others’ understandings of the new system reform, which complicated implementation. Based on these findings, I introduce the concept of unintentional sensegiving to theorize how leaders can give sense in ways they do not intend, yet have large impacts on how others understand and respond to a reform. Before championing a system reform, leaders deserve opportunities to (a) become familiar with the details of that reform and system reforms in general; (b) carefully study their existing systems, including their local contexts, and consider what dynamics might be created when they implement the new reform; (c) explore how their existing systems could shift to match the design of the system reform; and (d) practice drawing on their wells of knowledge to help others shift their understandings about their practice.

In recent years, indigenous knowledge has received significant attention in Taiwan. Yet, due to the lack of a clear definition and framework of indigenous knowledge, government ministries and social organizations at all levels face enormous challenges in legislation and policymaking concerning indigenous knowledge preservation, organization, and transmission. This research intends to analyze the scope of published indigenous knowledge contents in Taiwan. By taking a qualitative approach to identifying the characteristics and ranges of indigenous knowledge in publications, it hopes to contribute to knowledge organization research and facilitate policymaking on indigenous knowledge preservation. In order to do so, indigenous related publications are collected and textual analysis is applied. The results show that indigenous knowledge related publications grew substantially and then stabilized in late 1990. “Exhibition of culture,” “cultural transmission and education,” and “livelihoods” are three major areas in terms of number of publications, while the categories in “media,” “legal rights,” and “interaction among tribes” have the least publications. Based on the findings, suggestions are made for future research on indigenous knowledge organization. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

The shipping industry constantly strives to achieve efficient use of energy during sea voyages. Previous research that can take advantages of both ethnographic studies and big data analytics to understand factors contributing to fuel consumption and seek solutions to support decision making is rather scarce. This paper first employed ethnographic research regarding the use of a commercially available fuel-monitoring system. This was to contextualize the real challenges on ships and informed the need of taking a big data approach to achieve energy efficiency (EE). Then this study constructed two machine-learning models based on the recorded voyage data of five different ferries over a one-year period. The evaluation showed that the models generalize well on different training data sets and model outputs indicated a potential for better performance than the existing commercial EE system. How this predictive-analytical approach could potentially impact the design of decision support navigational systems and management practices was also discussed. It is hoped that this interdisciplinary research could provide some enlightenment for a richer methodological framework in future maritime energy research.

Students are exposed to vast amounts of information and knowledge that is rapidly changing. This exposure requires them to be adaptive, that is, to constantly adjust their thinking, behavior, and even their affect to successfully solve information-rich and knowledge-lean problems. Considering these developments, the purpose of the present study is twofold: First, it is aimed at exploring the link between students’ beliefs about their adaptability in an ever-changing world and their beliefs about the changing nature of scientific knowledge, thus linking two educationally relevant belief systems. Second, this study further explores validity issues related to the well-established and commonly used “Epistemological Beliefs about the Development of Scientific Knowledge (EBDE)” scale. Performing structural equation modeling on a large-scale data set of 1,662 Norwegian tenth-grade students, we estimated the correlations among different aspects of adaptability (i.e., cognitive-behavioral and affective-emotional adaptability) and EBDE. Moving beyond these correlations, we tested whether students’ perceived adaptability had an impact on the functioning of EBDE items by means of moderated factor analysis. Our analyses revealed that adaptability was associated with sophisticated EBDE in science, and the EB scale functioned differently with respect to different adaptability scores. The results of this study indicate that students perceive the development of scientific knowledge through the lenses of their own adaptability. Furthermore, the differential functioning of the EBDE scale challenges its validity.

This paper presents a research-action project carried out in 2012/13 in relation to the Early Childhood Education-Centre for Teachers-University Network. This network has been constructed to collaboratively research the Project Approach (hereinafter, PA) in Early Childhood Education classrooms. It is made up of teachers and pupils of Early Childhood Education, an adviser from the Continuing Professional Development Centre for Teachers, university researchers, and undergraduate students. The total number of people involved in the RIECU network is 538. From a qualitative paradigm, this work aims at analysing the learning outcomes achieved by the children through their participation in the RIECU network, based on the opinions expressed by the teachers, the families, the adviser, the researchers, and the undergraduate students. Semi-structured interviews, a focus group, and research journals were used to compile information. The most relevant results were: (1) the children obtain benefits by using the PA as a means of approaching knowledge; and (2) they acquire new attitudes towards knowledge, such as initiative, self-assurance, and responsibility

This article gives an overview of the field of knowledge management and suggests how this can be applied to academic libraries. A literature review has been conducted and has been subject to a critical analysis of comparison to IFLAs standard for “Continuing Professional Development: Principles and Best Practices” (IFLA, 2015). Here IFLA has identified 10 points of best practice. These 10 points will be measured against the literature in the field of knowledge management to ascertain if academic libraries would benefit from a stronger relation to knowledge management.

Purpose: This paper assesses the goals of Iran’s scientific knowledge development networks and information technology from the viewpoint of 30 scientific and research centers. Methodology: This study, using questionnaire, aimed to survey the research community including the officials of Iran’s network of research centers affiliated to the ministries of Science, Research and Technology, an Health and Medical Education, having passed specialized courses related to scientific networks and having interaction with the audience. Findings: All the centers with a mean of 3.25 believed that the goals of Iran’s Scientific Network are achievable, which is a relatively high positive assessment. Additionally, the results of Chi-Square Test showed no significant difference in the evaluation conducted by the representatives of the study centers. Finally, some recommendations are presented for network improvement and further research in this field. Originality/Value: The results of this evaluation will hopefully lead to the Iran’s scientific networks effectiveness in the development of information technology and knowledge.

The paper presents a constructive view of ergonomics, aiming not only at work efficiency but also at the continuous and joint development of workers and organizations. This approach articulates the socio-economic models proposed by G. Becker and A. Sen. It is illustrated by a study of decision-making between specialists in oncology, who have to propose appropriate treatments for complex cases. We show that the role of the team goes beyond decision making aid: the discussion on specific cases implies a reflection on the rules themselves. Such a collective reflective activity stimulates the development of both individual and collective knowledge and guarantees the global reliability of the decisions. The conclusion introduces the concept of the enabling environment, the characteristics of which are outlined.

This paper explores a new idea about the future development of science and teams, and predicts its possible applications in science, education, workforce development and research. The inter-relatedness of science and teamwork developments suggests a growing importance of team facilitators’ quality, as well as the criticality of detailed studies of teamwork processes and team consortiums to address the increasing complexity of exponential knowledge growth and work interdependency. In the future, it will become much easier to produce a highly specialised workforce, such as brain surgeons or genome engineers, than to identify, educate and develop individuals capable of the delicate and complex work of multi-team facilitation. Such individuals will become the new scientists of the millennium, having extraordinary knowledge in variety of scientific fields, unusual mix of abilities, possessing highly developed interpersonal and teamwork skills, and visionary ideas in illuminating bold strategies for new scientific discoveries. The new scientists of the millennium, through team consortium facilitation, will be able to build bridges between the multitude of diverse and extremely specialised knowledge and interdependent functions to improve systems for the further benefit of mankind.

Abstract: This article considers the formal teacher leaders’ practices of leading knowledge development at the department level in early childhood education and care. To better understand these practices, we have utilised the hybrid leadership theory, along with qualitative shadowing and stimulated recall interviews. Our analyses demonstrate that these teacher leaders encourage knowledge development by functioning as hybrid leaders in their communities of practice, while our findings show that there are four leadership approaches to knowledge development that emerge from everyday work: providing professional guidance, acting as a role model in work performance, putting practices into words and supporting desired teaching practices. Moreover, our study reveals that the leading of knowledge development is dependent on teacher leaders’ practical knowledge and their influence in their communities of practice. We therefore posit that the provision of knowledge development through and within the relationships that comprise communities of practice is crucial developing ECEC as learning organisations.

The article highlights the primary health care physiotherapists clinical knowledge when working with older people at risk of falling. A typical case from clinical practice was used to focus on the physiotherapists clinical reasoning process and knowledge base. Through discussions in smaller groups about decision-making, awareness of variations in practice between physiotherapists became clear. Another finding was that the physiotherapists focused on participation and social life aspects of functioning more than aspects of body functioning. External conditions were reported to highly influence the physiotherapists way of working. The physiotherapists concluded that fewer variations in practice within the group could improve the work of fall prevention in older people. Many of the physiotherapists wanted to increase the focus on professional discussions. Through focus group discussions a need for further knowledge development evolved. This is a good starting point for working towards a more evidence-based practice.

Learning curves have been studied for a long time. These studies provided strong support to the hypothesis that, as organizations produce more of a product, unit costs of production decrease at a decreasing rate (see Argote, 1999 for a comprehensive review of learning curve studies). But the organizational mechanisms that lead to these results are still underexplored. We know some drivers of learning curves (ADLER; CLARK, 1991; LAPRE et al., 2000), but we still lack a more detailed view of the organizational processes behind those curves. Through an ethnographic study, I bring a comprehensive account of the first year of operations of a new automotive plant, describing what was taking place on in the assembly area during the most relevant shifts of the learning curve. The emphasis is then on how learning occurs in that setting. My analysis suggests that the overall learning curve is in fact the result of an integration process that puts together several individual ongoing learning curves in different areas throughout the organization. In the end, I propose a model to understand the evolution of these learning processes and their supporting organizational mechanisms.

The subjects of the research are mentally-retarded children and youth, and their possibilities in overcoming the programme contents from educational-upbringing area-SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT. The research has been conducted in Sremcica-Home for Mentally Disrupted Children and Youth. Results of the re­search presents approximately 50 percent of the positive accomplishments.The research has indicated to us that knowledge learned from a narrow environment (home, family) are much better than ones learned from an expansive environment. By these facts we came to the conclusion that the adequate attention hasn’t been paid in realization of the programme contenses concerning familiarizing the expansive environment, especially in the charter SOCIAL INITIATIVE. We know that two basic goals in rehabilitation is not achieved too. However, the results of the research approve us that socialization has essential influence on the knowledge development of the medium mentally retarded

This article discusses the relationship between practice and research in the making disciplines. The discussion is based on a systems theory with reference to the German sociologist Niklas Luhmann (2007) and the way Rasmussen, Kruse and Holm (2007) use Luhmann´s theory. This article constructs and emphasizes the fundamental difference between the practice system and the scientific system. Furthermore, it highlights the distinctions between practice as the development of knowledge and research as the generation of knowledge. In addition to these boundaries, the following four different forms of knowledge are classified and described:1) practical knowledge and 2) professional knowledge, which are both associated with the practice system, and 3) research knowledge and 4) philosophy of science knowledge, which are associated with the scientific system. While emphasizing a fundamental difference between the practice system and the scientific system, this article assumes that art and design research should deal with aspects from both systems. The systems theory term ‘structural coupling’ offers a way to enable the two systems to influence each other while maintaining their own boundaries. Insider research is a structural coupling between the practice system and the scientific system. By exploring art and design processes from within as both the practitioner and the researcher, it is possible to generate knowledge both about and for practice. This article considers art and design research as a subsystem of the scientific system and argues that this approach may strengthen the further development of art and design research.

Utilising a meta-theoretical approach, the nature of knowledge development in I/O psychology (SA) is assessed. Analysis of the contents of the South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, shows that: empirical research has very substantially increased and is methodologically sophisticated; knowledge development is still almost exclusively tied to the positivist-empiricist paradigm and relies mostly on adaptations of non-local material. More indigenous research is required. A wider perspective, incorporating culture-sensitive research paradigms, strategies and methods is suggested in order to expand the research (knowledge) base and renew the discipline locally. Opsomming Die stand van kennisontwikkeling in die Bedryfsielkunde (Suid-Afrika) is in oorweging geneem vanuit ’n oorkoepelende, meta-teoretiese benadering tot kennis. Ontleding van die inhoud van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Bedryfsielkunde oor die afgelope dekade toon dat: empiriese navorsing substantief toegeneem het en metodologies gesofistikeerd is; dat kennisontwikkeling steeds bykans uitsluitlik plaasvind binne die positiwisties-empiriese paradigma en grootliks aanpassings van nie-plaaslike materiaal verteenwoordig. Meer inheemse navorsing word vereis. ’n Breer beskouing, waarin daar van kultuur-sensitiewe navorsings-paradigmas, -strategiee en -metodes gebruik gemaak word, word voorgehou om die Bedryfsielkunde as vakgebied te verruim en kennisvernuwing plaaslik te bevorder.

Some brilliant images are projected from Juliet CORBIN's memories around her first steps into the qualitative research world related to the symbolic interactionism tradition. She focuses on some remarkable issues about learning the proc­esses of Grounded Theory based on her past experiences teaching in seminars or doing work­shops worldwide. The differences between writing novels and the narrative perspective and writing social science from Grounded Theory methodol­ogy are discussed by her in order to distinguish the role of literature in the production of socially active knowledge. Latin-America and Marxism are especially focused in the discussion around the relevance of activism involved in social trans­formation. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0403325