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Background: Physical activity is central to health, beginning in childhood and adolescence, and regular monitoring provides important information for strategic decisions on promoting physical activity in Germany. Methods: The current survey cycle of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study gives an insight into the prevalence of the indicators daily recommended physical activity, high and low physical activity, and sporting activity among students aged between 11 and 15 for 2022. In addition, the data is compared to the survey cycles of the 2009/10, 2013/14, and 2017/18 school years and analysed over time. Results: The results of the current survey cycle show that 10.8 % of girls, 20.9 % of boys, and 12.4 % of gender diverse adolescents fulfil the daily physical activity recommendation. There are also major gender-specific differences for the other indicators. The group of gender diverse adolescents needs to be analysed further. The changes over time between 2009/10 and 2022 are relatively small. While girls’ physical activity habits decreased slightly for the various indicators between 2009/10 and 2022, boys’ prevalence remained relatively stable over the same period. Conclusions: Overall, in part due to the effects of the various COVID-19 lockdowns, the need for effective and population-based measures to promote physical activity in childhood and adolescence remains high.

Abstract Background Identifying individual characteristics linked with physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) can assist in designing health-enhancing interventions for children. We examined cross-sectional associations of temperament characteristics with 1) PA and SED and 2) meeting the PA recommendation in Finnish children. Methods Altogether, 697 children (age: 4.7 ± 0.9 years, 51.6% boys) within the Increased Health and Wellbeing in Preschools (DAGIS) study were included. Parents responded to the Very Short Form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire consisting of three temperament dimensions: surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control. PA and SED were assessed for 7 days (24 h per day) using a hip-worn ActiGraph accelerometer, and the daily minutes spent in light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and SED were calculated. The PA recommendation was defined as having PA at least 180 min/day, of which at least 60 min/day was in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses were applied. Results Surgency was associated with LPA (B = 3.80, p = 0.004), MPA (B = 4.87, p

BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is an important factor in human health status. The fact, that the physical activity will be regular, is influenced by many internal and external individual factors. Education is considered to be an important factor that influences physical activity. There has not been fully clarified the relationship between physical activity and education in pursuit of regional indicators yet. AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the physical activity of adult inhabitants of the Moravian-Silesian region with regard to the number of years spent in formal education. METHODS: The research sample consisted of 759 residents of MoravianSilesian region (419 women and 340 men) aged 25-58. The IPAQ questionnaire was used to obtain the data, which was distributed by trained university students in the spring and autumn periods of 2005-2009. Kruskal Wallis ANOVA test was used for the statistical evaluation of the data. The effect size was calculated to clarify the internal differences in results. RESULTS: Significant differences in the structure of physical activity were found only in men in the job related physical activity (H = 6.277; p = 0.05; η2 = 0.019) and in vigorous physical activity (H = 6.230; p = 0.05; η2 = 0.018). Physically most active are men with lowest level of education. No significant difference was found in the monitored parameters for women. Job related physical activity means the highest part of the total physical activity in respondents with lowest education. CONCLUSION: The results of the survey point to the fact, that different level of education is not an important factor associated with physical activity in Moravian-Silesian region. To promote physical activity we would recommend focusing on physical activity in leisure time, during transport and on vigorous physical activity in all groups of respondents based on educational level.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) was defined in a worldwide scientific community as one of the most important factors in dealing with issues of prevention and public health. Regular PA has the undeniable positive effects on health, quality of life and renewal of an active old age. Improved conditions for active leisure time activities and active transport at the regional level can lead to the improvement of the regular participation in the PA AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze physical activity of adult population of the Southern Moravia area of the Czech Republic (Jihomoravský and Zlínský region) and to observe differences in selected demographic aspects of active transport depending on environmental conditions. METHODS: To estimate the weekly level of PA we used randomized data in 1110 respondents in Southtern Moravia region (487 men and 623 women) aged 41.67 ± 8.87 years. All respondents were asked face to face by trained distributors (university students) to participate in a research study using the Czech administrative version of the ANEWS questionnaire. Data collection was carried out regularly in Spring (March-May) and Fall (September-November) from 2005 to 2009. Health enhancing PA is characterized in accordance with the general recommendations. Adults should do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity or 75 minutes a week of vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous intensity aerobic activity. Aerobic activity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes, and preferably it should be spread throughout the week (USDHHS, 2008). RESULTS: The total weekly PA did not affect either participation in organized PA or body mass index. Respondents who met the recommendations for PA reported significantly higher total PA and transport PA. People who have easy walking distances to many sites directly from home indicate higher transport PA. The most commonly performed type of the PA was cycling, followed in women with walking and hiking, and in men with soccer. CONCLUSION: Once there are opportunities, it is necessary to maintain and expand the environmental conditions to support active transport. Comunal policy in the various regions in the Czech Republic must solve specific regional problems within their environment and to highlight attractive places for active living. They also have to look for ways how to transfer research results into practice on the level of communal practice, preventive, health, and also urban interventions.

BACKGROUND: Decline in physical activity and the increased number of overweight and obese children are alarming. These factors can influence, together with the passive role of schools in lifestyle education and unhealthy urban planning, the future lifestyle of adolescents and adults. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to analyze the physical activity and sedentary behaviors of adolescents aged 14–15 with regard to the size of the community where adolescents go to school. METHODS: The short version of the IPAQ questionnaire was used to collect data in this study. The research was conducted in three selected regions of the Czech Republic. In each region, 3 schools were randomly selected. The research was carried out with all pupils of the ninth grade (aged 14–15) of selected schools. For data analysis we used basic statistical characteristics and binary logistic regression (SPSS). RESULTS: Based on the findings from the questionnaire, we have found that girls were significantly more likely to be sitting than boys. Children living in a middle-sized to large sized community, and living in an apartment, are significantly more likely to be sitting. CONCLUSIONS: Boys are still less sedentary than girls. Respondents who meet PA recommendations are also sitting more, usually based on the time needed for rest. The results of our study show that small communities offer better conditions to their inhabitants to be more physically active, however the differences between small and large locations are not that extensive. [VÝCHODISKA: Pokles pohybové aktivity a zvyšování počtu dětí s nadváhou a obézních je alarmující. Tyto faktory, společně s pasivní rolí škol ve vzdělávání směrem ke zdravému životnímu stylu a "nezdravým" územním plánováním, mohou ovlivnit budoucí životní styl dospívajících a dospělých obyvatel. CÍLE: Hlavním cílem této studie bylo analyzovat pohybovou aktivitu a sedavý způsob života dospívajících ve věku 14–15 s ohledem na velikost obce, kde dospívající docházejí do školy. METODIKA: Pro sběr dat byla použita krátká verze dotazníku IPAQ. Výzkum byl realizován ve třech vybraných regionech České republiky. V každém regionu byly náhodně vybrány 3 školy. Výzkumu se zúčastnili žáci devátých tříd (ve věku 14–15) z vybraných škol. Pro analýzu dat jsme použili základní statistické charakteristiky a binární logistickou regresi (SPSS). VÝSLEDKY: Na základě výsledků z dotazníků jsme zjistili, že dívky vykazovaly podstatně častěji než chlapci delší dobu sezení. Děti, které žijí v malých a velkých sídlech a žijí v bytě, častěji tráví čas sezením. ZÁVĚRY: Chlapci mají méně sedavý způsob života než dívky. Studenti, kteří plní zdravotní doporučení pro pohybovou aktivitu, vykazují také delší dobu strávenou sezením. Zpravidla se jedná o čas, kdy potřebují odpočinek. Výsledky studie ukazují, že malá sídla nabízejí svým obyvatelům lepší podmínky pro pohybovou aktivitu, ale rozdíly mezi malými a velkými sídly nejsou tak velké.]