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This paper presents the development and principle of operation of resource-saving overcurrent protection, which is an alternative to traditional current protections. The experiments were used to study the electromagnetic field for the protection of electrical installations connected to the cells of complete switchgears, voltage 6–10 kV, without the use of conventional protections with metal-core current transformers. As is known, such current transformers (CTs) have significant weight and dimensional parameters and high price costs. The method of research is comparison of the developed protection with traditional current protections made using traditional measuring current transformers. The scientific novelty of this work consists of the developmental theory of the construction of protection for inductive coils based on the measurement of electromotive force values in different modes and points in the simulation of a three-phase short circuit inside the cell of the complete switchgear. The dependence of magnetic induction on the position of the inductive coil inside the cell has been found. It has been shown that the simplest formula of the Biot–Savart–Laplace law can be used to calculate them. This paper presents and describes the conducted experiments with their methodology. As a result of the industrial application of such protections, the act of implementation of the patent for the invention of an industrial enterprise is presented. The selection of settings of resource-saving protection is presented, as well as a feasibility study of the presented protection in comparison with conventional protection. This paper consists of the following sections: The Materials and Methods section describes the methodology used to achieve the purpose of the research. The Experiments section describes all the experiments conducted to achieve the purpose of the research. The Results section presents the results of the conducted experiments, an evaluation of the use of inductive coils in relay protection, an example of calculating the selection of the settings of parameters of resource-saving protection, a presentation of the patent for the invention, and a presentation of the feasibility study of the effectiveness of the considered resource-saving protection on inductive coils. The Conclusions section presents the result of this work, which is the creation of resource-saving protection on inductance coils. The References section presents a list of the sources used.

The sustainability aspect of the palm oil business strategy is a significant part of dealing with changes in the future. The rest of the processed products that have not been handled perfectly is a form of material loss that reduces income and environmental sustainability. Even though the company has reported and compiled its responsibilities, the actual productivity of the company is much lower because the amount of hidden waste has not been fully considered. This research involves companies introducing material flow cost accounting in tracing and calculating physical resources and financing. This method helps companies to determine the number of negative and positive products as a basis for evaluation for saving resources and reducing environmental impacts through reducing oil losses and increasing yields. This effort will become a competitive advantage and encourage the ability of business actors to increase revenue and reduce waste. Scenarios of improving the quality of fresh fruit bunches, optimizing the sterilization process, and increasing the amount of pulp are adaptive choices in terms of availability and resource capacity. Dissemination of efforts and successes in improving resource efficiency to stakeholders is vital to increasing the value and sustainability of the palm oil business.

To realize efficient cooperation among tea plantations, manufacturers, logistics, and sellers, the tea production and supply chain (PSC) benefits participating enterprises by coordinating tea planting, product processing, transportation, and product sales links. However, the current tea PSC lacks resource-saving automatic control and suffers from the effect of counterfeit tea products and inefficient supervision. To address these problems, in this work, blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are applied to turn the tea PSC around with efficient automation and decentralized supervision. Specifically, we propose DeTea, a blockchain-IoT-empowered decentralized framework, for chain-wide tea counterfeiting supervision and automatic environment management. On the one hand, for the benefit of tea customers, an incentive scheme is designed based on blockchain technology to attract tea PSC participants and decentralized detectors to report dishonest participants, which can motivate the good behaviors of the participating enterprises for a healthier tea market. On the other hand, for the benefit of practitioners of tea products, we realize the automation of environment monitoring and equipment control via IoT technology. Moreover, we design an improved adaptive weighted data fusion algorithm for accurate IoT data and efficient resource allocation, and present an optimal irrigation strategy for automatic plantation environment adjustment. To evaluate the proposed solution, a prototype is implemented by designing a blockchain infrastructure with ten main smart contracts and constructing an IoT-based system sandbox for automatic environment monitoring and resource allocation. Experimental results demonstrate the high throughput of DeTea and the efficiency of resource-saving automation. This work introduces blockchain and IoT technologies to tea PSC for full-process traceability and automatic environment control, which is expected to extend to other agricultural products to ensure the safety, reliability, and efficiency of agricultural traceability systems.

Using fire-damaged wood is one of the efficient and resource-saving approaches to forest conservation. The object of the study is raw wood exposed to fire. The aim of the study is to analyze the mechanical properties of fire-damaged pinewood, the height of the trunk, and determine the possibility of its use as a structural material. Tests were carried out for static bending, compression along the fibers, and tension along the fibers. We performed the tests on samples taken from the lower, middle, and upper parts of the fired wood and compared them with wood that was not exposed to fire. It was established that during a ground and medium fire, the strength properties of wood are most reduced in the apical part of the trunk by 41.80 % compared to wood undamaged by fire. The smallest decrease in strength occurred in the lower part of the tree. It was determined that with sufficiently small damage to wood by fire, i.e., a decrease in the cross-sectional area to 15 %, it can be partially used as a structural material.

In difficult economic realities, the primary task in growing crops is to reduce costs in compliance with quality requirements. At the same time, environmental safety issues are becoming more and more obvious. Lack of knowledge or poor technical settings often result in catastrophic consequences due to unreasonable chemicals application and increases emergency risks in agriculture. In this regard, chemical plant protection requires special attention in terms of safety management. The method of strip chemical treatment of crops reduces the effects of chemically hazardous substances on plants, emphasizing the importance and relevance of the research direction. Based on the analysis of production costs for chemical treatment, the shortcomings of serial machines for chemical plant treatment were identified. A technology and technical solution for strip spraying with redistribution of operating solutions to the exposure objects, considering plant growth stage, were proposed. It allowed to accurately adding the active substance to the object, which caused decrease in application rate per hectare, reduction of plant stress, and saving in costs for chemical treatment. Simultaneously, it contributed to the solution of environmental problems by reducing chemical load on soil. This method reduces the risk of emergencies when using chemically hazardous substances in agriculture.

In the article questions of formation of an innovative life support system of citizens of the Russian Federation on the basis of construction of corporate model of management of housing and communal services of municipalities are considered. The detailed analysis is carried out, shortcomings of the existing system of mainly administrative management of comparison to opportunities of new system of economic management of housing and communal services come to light. Importance of observance of parameters of economic security of a life support system of citizens of Russia is emphasized.

The problems of the ekologo-focused logistic development of economy are considered in the article. The arguments proving necessary of creation of the ecological restrictions for economic activity capable to consider interests of the environment and future generations are presented. Possibilities of modification of a conceptual framework, structure of logistic systems taking into account an ecological imperative are shown. The modern concept of the closed logistic system taking into account interests of all economic entities and the environment is submitted. Tasks which need to be solved for implementation of the ekologo-focused logistic management of economy are formulated.

The article substantiates directions and ways of improvement of the system of information provision of the water supply and sewerage enterprises, oriented towards the organizational-economic innovations in the course of implementation of resource saving programs. Tasks of further development of managerial accounting as the basic component of analytical function of management are defined. Priorities as to the order of development of modern mechanism for resource saving are suggested, intellectual capital is allocated as the main factor of influence on the process of enterprise development. It is determined that a significant negative contribution to the aggravation of the problem up to the level, when enterprises fall into the unprofitable mode of activity, which tends to persist for a long time, is made through imperfect methods and mechanisms for management of resource use and resource-saving, and this negativity is then complemented with an imperfect information base, which, first of all, needs to be modernized in the system of management accounting.

The problems of the ekologo-focused logistic development of economy are considered in the article. The arguments proving necessary of creation of the ecological restrictions for economic activity capable to consider interests of the environment and future generations are presented. Possibilities of modification of a conceptual framework, structure of logistic systems taking into account an ecological imperative are shown. The modern concept of the closed logistic system taking into account interests of all economic entities and the environment is submitted. Tasks which need to be solved for implementation of the ekologo-focused logistic management of economy are formulated.

In article the main world tendencies of development of the production technology of sandy cores and value of this production in complex technology of manufacture of castings are considered. It is established that the most rational way of production technically and economically is manufacture of wafer sandy cores using the Cold-box-amin technology. Scientific, technical, technological and economic aspects of modernization of foundry production of JSC MTZ with complete transition to production of sandy cores on the resource-saving Cold-box-amin technology are provided. The main distinctive feature of this reequipment – all planned works are based on the domestic technological developments and the equipment created in the cooperation by specialists of JSC BELNIILIT and JSC MTZ. Within GNTP essential support to the provided works was given by the state.

The express analysis of statistical data on the general tendencies of development of the Russian economy in 2015, and also the main indicators of activity of the mineral and raw complex (MRC) for this period is carried out. The situation in MRC remains unsatisfactory owing to a variety of reasons among which: insufficient funding of investments into fixed capital and in research and development, deterioration in an environment of production of raw materials, decrease in demand for raw materials, updating of environmental problems. Besides, rates of works on diversification of branches and to the solution of innovative tasks are insufficient MRC. The effective organization of an initial stage of geological researches for ensuring reproduction of mineral resources, and also preliminary preparation of development of production of prototypes of the corresponding equipment is necessary.

Russian agrarian can increase corn production and not depend on import if they get more yield and reduce losses at all stages of a harvest cycle. A unified complex of modern highly effective, resource-saving technologies and technical means of harvesting and postharvest processing of corn is for this purpose necessary. The authors offered a concept of multilevel system approach to interconnected functioning of all subsystems of corn production (from harvesting to crop processing and storage) by criterion of resource-saving. Resource-saving technologies of harvesting of ear corn with thresh in a field and with getting of corn and corn cob mix. The minimum of cumulative expenses of energy when harvesting ear corn (1005.3 megajoule per tonne) is provided by technology with use of a self-propelled picker-husker. For harvesting with ear corn thresh in the field the rational technology (724.4 megajoule per tonne) includes harvesting by the combine with an axial and rotor threshing mechanism on the basis of new constructive and technological decisions. The most effective technology is corn harvesting with use on a forage corn and corn cob mix (638.5 megajoule per tonne). The authors developed a block scheme and mathematical model of optimization of parameters and operating modes of technical means. As a result of optimization modernization of the corn harvester provided decrease in energy consumption from 260.4 to 228.2 megajoule per tonne, or by 12.4 percent; increase of combine capacity from 3.4 to 4.6 ha/h, or by 1,4 times, improvement of grain output акщь 12.3 to 14.7 kg/s, or by 1.2 times. Optimum parameters of the unit: width of capture of a harvester made 8.4 m, the working speed of the movement - 6,6 km/h, the mass of the combine - 18180 kg, engine capacity - 224.8 kW, optimum terms of harvesting of grain corn - 8 days.

The trust computing mechanism has an increasing role in the cooperative work of wireless sensor networks. However, the computing speed, resource overhead, and anti-collaborative attack ability of a trust mechanism itself are three key challenging issues for any open and resource-constrained wireless sensor networks. In this study, we propose a fast, resource-saving, and anti-collaborative attack trust computing scheme (FRAT) based on across-validation mechanism for clustered wireless sensor networks. First, according to the inherent relationship among three network entities (which are made up of three types of network nodes, namely base stations, cluster heads, and cluster members), we propose the cross-validation mechanism, which is effective and reliable against collaborative attacks caused by malicious nodes. Then, we adopt a fast and resource-saving trust computing scheme for cooperation between between cluster heads or cluster members. This scheme is suitable for wireless sensor networks because it facilitates resource-saving. Through theoretical analysis and experiments, the feasibility and effectiveness of the trust computing scheme proposed in this study are verified.

In the article, the methodical bases of management by the integrated industrial enterprises is developed according to the indicators of sustainable economic development of the region. The scope of the research is the region as the difficult mesosystem consisting of logistic clusters. The subject matter of the research is the organizational and economic relations developing in the course of interaction of participants of the regional economy as mesosystems. The models and methods of management by the large economic systems in the economy of the industrially developed region are developed; the organizational and economic essence of a logistic cluster as the subject of the regional economy us revealed. The mechanism of management by the integrated enterprises with using the cluster approach, technologies of logistics, management of supply chains is offered. They allow to the management of an enterprises to make scientifically reasonable effective decisions developing programs of supply, economic production and realization of finished goods in the close connection with programs of regional economic development.

The article analises concepts of “green economy”, “stable development” and “planting of greenery”. It formulates author’s own definition of “green economy”, which is characterised by means of economic relations between subjects of economic activity. It studies the share of the “green economy” in the structure of the world GDP. It uses empiric analysis for specifying the role of “green economy” in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the national economy. It proves that the primary and secondary sectors require most radical changes in the direction of planting of greenery at production sites, since namely here products for satisfaction of needs are created. It allocates the tertiary sector as a connecting link between the primary and secondary sectors, which ensures realisation of the “green economy” concept. It shows the necessity of development of the national economy in the direction of “planting of greenery”, which would result in minimisation of structural disproportions and stable development.В статье проанализированы концепции «зеленой экономики», «устойчивого развития», «озеленения». Сформулировано авторское определение «зеленой экономики», которая характеризуется посредством экономических отношений между субъектами хозяйственной деятельности. Исследована доля «зеленой экономики» в структуре мирового ВВП. На основе эмпирического анализа выделена роль «зеленой экономики» в первичном, вторичном и третичном секторах национальной экономики. Доказано, что первичный и вторичный сектор требуют наибольших радикальных изменений в направлении озеленения производства, поскольку именно здесь создаются продукты для удовлетворения потребностей. Выделен третичный сектор как соединяющее звено между первичным и вторичным секторами, который обеспечивает реализацию концепции «зеленая экономика». Показана необходимость развития национальной экономики в направлении «озеленения», что приведет к минимизации структурных диспропорций и устойчивому развитию.