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* Context.-Machine learning applications in the pathology clinical domain are emerging rapidly. As decision support systems continue to mature, laboratories will increasingly need guidance to evaluate their performance in clinical practice. Currently there are no formal guidelines to assist pathology laboratories in verification and/or validation of such systems. These recommendations are being proposed for the evaluation of machine learning systems in the clinical practice of pathology. Objective.-To propose recommendations for performance evaluation of in vitro diagnostic tests on patient samples that incorporate machine learning as part of the pre-analytical, analytical, or post-analytical phases of the laboratory workflow. Topics described include considerations for machine learning model evaluation including risk assessment, predeployment requirements, data sourcing and curation, verification and validation, change control management, human-computer interaction, practitioner training, and competency evaluation. Data Sources.-An expert panel performed a review of the literature, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidance, and laboratory and government regulatory frameworks. Conclusions.-Review of the literature and existing documents enabled the development of proposed recommendations. This white paper pertains to performance evaluation of machine learning systems intended to be implemented for clinical patient testing. Further studies with real-world clinical data are encouraged to support these proposed recommendations. Performance evaluation of machine learning models is critical to verification and/or validation of in vitro diagnostic tests using machine learning intended for clinical practice. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2024;148:e335-e361; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0042-CP), Institution of machine learning (ML) in the pathology clinical domain has gained momentum and is rapidly advancing. As ML-based clinical decision support (CDS) systems continue to mature, laboratories will increasingly [...]

Dickens and Democracy in the Age of Paper: Representing the People, by Carolyn Vellenga Berman; pp. ix + 353. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022, $125.00. The formative effects of Dickens's [...]

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) present a promising solution for diverting waste generated by the pulp and paper industry from landfills. The global pulp and paper industry generated 110 million tons [...]

Reducing examination table paper (ETP) use may help curb carbon emissions from health care. Six participants applied Glo Germ (DMA International) to their hands before a common physical examination (abdominal, cardiorespiratory, hip and knee) both with and without ETP. After each exam, UV light was shined on the exam table and photographs were taken. The number of hand touches on ETP-covered areas and uncovered areas were tallied and compared using t tests. Despite covering more surface area, participants touched areas without ETP significantly more than ETP-covered areas (P https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.3092, INTRODUCTION Climate change negatively impacts mental health, respiratory and cardiac disease, and quality-adjusted life years. (1) Waste from health care is a major contributor to its negative environmental impact, (2-4) [...]

Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of [...]

Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations [...]

This special issue of the Journal of International Women's Studies is a compilation of articles drawn from presentations delivered at the 9th World Conference on Women's Studies (WCWS), in Bangkok, [...]

How does engaging with a playful, lighthearted, drama-based form affect one's experience of academic learning? Read this play, gentle reader, and answer that question for yourself. Scene 1: A small [...]

The International World Conference on Titanium has been bringing together scientists and engineers researching many areas of titanium development, manufacture, and implementation since 1968. The conference was initially organized by [...]

This article offers an introduction to the Kazuo Ishiguro Papers, which are preserved and accessible for research at the Harry Ransom Center, a humanities research library at the University of Texas at Austin. The article explains how and when Ishiguro's archive was placed at the Ransom Center and describes a sampling of its contents. The article also describes how Ishiguro prepared his papers before sending them to the Ransom Center, highlighting some of the reflections and 'archive notes' he recorded. The article introduces readers to a unique archive that offers extensive opportunities for research and contains materials that cannot be found anywhere else. KEYWORDS: Kazuo Ishiguro, Harry Ransom Center, archives and records, English literature, contemporary literature, WHEN RESEARCHERS AT THE Harry Ransom Center open the first box of Kazuo Ishiguro's archive, the first folder-labeled '1.0' in the upper left corner--contains a typed document Ishiguro wrote in [...]

Addressing solid waste recycling, this study aims to develop biodegradable kraft paper from buffing dust (BD) and post-consumed jute fiber (JF). Employing a simple solution casting method with a polyurethane binder, the kraft paper was fabricated and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, OTR, biodegradability, and tensile tests. The findings revealed covalent and hydrogen bonding between BD and JF, forming a uniform surface. Notably, the composite exhibited improved thermal stability, enhanced gas barrier properties, and biodegradability compared to individual components. Furthermore, the composite also showed 57% higher tensile strength, 38% greater elongation, 20% increased hardness, and 9% higher density compared to buffing dust. Compared to jute fiber, the increases were 125%, 91%, 30%, and 19% respectively. Moreover, the composite excelled in gas barrier performance, surpassing BD and JF by a remarkable 61% and 73% increase respectively. These significant findings underscore the vast potential of the composite kraft paper as a versatile material suitable for various applications, including packaging, interior furnishing industries, and reinforcing elements in the footwear industry. By addressing waste management and promoting sustainability, this research contributes to the development of ecofriendly materials that align with contemporary environmental concerns. Highlights * Covalent and hydrogen bonding enhance uniformity. * Biodegradable kraft paper with improved properties. * Impressive tensile strength, elongation, and hardness. * Versatile material for eco-friendly applications. * Promotes sustainability and waste management. KEYWORDS buffing dust, eco-friendly packaging, kraft paper, polymer composite, solid waste management, 1 | INTRODUCTION The paper industry heavily relies on natural resources like wood, which has resulted in significant environmental pollution. Therefore, alternatives are urgently needed to reduce the negative impact [...]

Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations [...]

In 2016, two years into my career at a large suburban New Jersey public high school, I was prepared--or so I thought--to teach American Literature for the first time. I'd [...]

Pulp Injection Molding (PIM) enables manufacturers to produce unique and intricate geometries typically reserved for plastics but using paper. This innovation provides new options for brand owners, enhancing sustainability and [...]

THE ARTS The Painter’s Papers A prairie mystic in his own words Kelvin Browne Lionel LeMoine FitzGerald was quiet in person but demonstrative in writing.David Parkins Some Magnetic Force: Lionel [...]

The Story of Drawing: An Alternative History Susan Owens Yale University Press, 25 [pounds sterling] ISBN 9780300260472 Towards the end of his life, William Blake met John Constable, perhaps for [...]

Adhesives are indispensable raw materials in the assembly of electronics and electrical equipment. Their environmental performance has been widely studied. In most adhesive products, the number of monomer residues changes [...]

The original cGMP regulations published in 1978 in Codes of Federal Regulations (CFR), 21 CFR 210 and 211 (1,2), contain requirements for methods, facilities, and controls for manufacturing, processing, packaging, [...]

Research on the multidimensionality of hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) can contribute to the study of psychotic risk. The Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended (LSHS-E) is one of the most widely used tools for research in HLEs, but the correspondence of its paper and online formats has not been established yet. Therefore, we studied the factorial structure and measurement invariance between online and paper-and-pencil versions of LSHS-E in a Chilean population. Two thousand eighty-six completed the online version, and 578 students completed the original paper-and-pencil version. After matching by sex, age, civil status, alcohol and cannabis consumption, and psychiatric treatment received, we selected 543 students from each group. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of a four-factor model and a hierarchical model that included a general predisposition to hallucination, explaining the strong relationship between the different types of hallucinations. Both models showed a good fit to the data and were invariant between paper-and-pencil and online versions. Also, the LSHS-E has good reliability in both online and paper-and-pencil formats. This study shows that the online LSHS-E possesses psychometric properties equivalent to the paper-and-pencil version. It should be considered a valuable tool for research of psychosis determinants in the COVID-19 era., Author(s): Yanet Quijada [sup.1] , Sandra Saldivia [sup.2] , Claudio Bustos [sup.2] , Antonio Preti [sup.3] , Susana Ochoa [sup.4] , Elvis Castro-Alzate [sup.2] [sup.5] , Sara Siddi [sup.4] Author [...]

If that was the case, she wasn't to come back to them again. Muneo made this clear to his daughter in the front room of his parents' house, just north [...]

With several fresh faces on the bench, lawsuits have been testing the waters on a variety of issues to determine the direction of this new Supreme Court. One of these [...]

Meta-aramid paper has been widely used in transformers because of its excellent insulation properties and thermal stability. However, with the rapid development of high-voltage transformers, higher requirements are placed on the breakdown strength of meta-aramid paper. In this study, meta-aramid chopped fibers/polyphenylene sulfide (MACFs/PPS) composite paper was prepared by a combination of wet-copying and hot-rolling technology. Then the microscopic morphology, mechanical properties, crystallization behavior, insulation properties, and thermal stability of the MACFs/PPS composite paper were studied and evaluated. The experimental results showed that the breakdown strength of the MACFs/PPS composite paper was as high as 46.46 kV/ mm, which was 2.7 times higher than the famous Nomex T410 insulating paper. Meanwhile, the MACFs/PPS composite paper presented good mechanical properties and thermal stability. This paper provides a simple and versatile method for the preparation of meta-aramid composite paper with high breakdown strength. KEYWORDS breakdown strength, mechanical properties, meta-aramid paper, polyphenylene sulfide superfine fiber, 1 | INTRODUCTION Meta-aramid fibers are one kind of high-performance fibers, which have high specific strength, modulus, excellent thermal stability and insulating properties because of their highly oriented hydrogen bonds [...]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of mLearning or mobile device practice on the attention and accuracy of student's use of math concepts, specifically, telling time. A single subject, alternating treatment design was used to compare mLearning to paper and pencil practice in four 3rd grade male students. Results were mixed; two children were observed to be more on-task during the mLearning practice, and two children were observed to perform similarly across both conditions. Additionally, two children performed similarly on correctly completed problems across both conditions, and two children performed better using paper and pencil practice. All students completed more math problems during the paper and pencil practice., Author(s): Cynthia F. DiCarlo [sup.1], Aaron R. Deris [sup.2], Thomas P. Deris [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.64337.35, 0000 0001 0662 7451, School of Education, Louisiana State University, , 70806, Baton [...]

Digital printing waste paper fiber/nanocrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites, modified through [gamma]-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), isopropyl tri(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate, sodium hydroxide, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and a composite silane coupling agent (KH570/PEG6000), were fabricated by melt blending and injection molding, and the effects of different modifiers on the properties of composites were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of the modified composites were improved, and the best flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact strength were obtained by PEG6000, KH570/PEG6000, and KH570, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal decomposition performance of the composites treated by KH570 was relatively superior. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the melting enthalpy and crystallinity of the modified material increased, while the cold crystallization temperature decreased. After modification, both water absorption and degradation showed a decreasing trend, especially KH570/PEG6000. Under the action of several modifiers, the diffusion coefficient, thermodynamic solubility, and permeability of composites were reduced to varying degrees. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that interfacial adhesion and composite compatibility were improved with significantly fewer and smaller pores, as well as a fuzzy boundary among the three phases. KEYWORDS composites, diffusion coefficient, digital printing waste paper fiber, interfacial modifier, nanocrystalline cellulose, poly(lactic acid), 1 | INTRODUCTION With the continuous development of an industrial society, nonrenewable resources such as petroleum resources and plastic products have been consumed in enormous quantities, and their nondegradability has [...]

The Victorians astound us with their energy. The most famous Victorian of them all, after the queen herself, William Gladstone chopped down trees for exercise. With equal vigour he kept [...]

The study of the 'Circe' episode of Ulysses has been underserved with regard to one of its most significant sources, the sadomasochistic magazine Bits of Fun, which has never been fully examined. This source is followed more closely by Joyce in the novel's Bella/ Bello scene than has been realized, as well as in the 'Ithaca' episode and Finnegans Wake. The exact issues that Joyce used have not yet been correctly identified, and the 'Circe' notesheets have consequently been misdated. Joyce drew on Bits of Fun not only for his theme of forcedfeminization in this episode, but also for more extreme details of bondage and torture, including even cannibalism and slavery. Based on this source, the text of Joyce's early draft material in both his 'Circe' notesheets and Ulysses notebooks should be emended in several places. Keywords: James Joyce / Ulysses / source criticism / periodicals / textual studies, Tell me something to amuse me, smut or a bloody good ghoststory ... --James Joyce, Ulysses (15.3052-53) Critics do not often comment on the fact that Bloom's sexual fantasies in [...]

One of the most unusual baseball games in American League history took place at Shibe Park, Philadelphia, on May 18, 1912. Nominally a contest between the Philadelphia Athletics and the [...]

Author(s): Quassim Cassam [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7372.1, 0000 0000 8809 1613, University of Warwick, , Coventry, UK Watching news coverage of scores of Afghan civilians running alongside an American [...]

I argue that The Aspern Papers takes up the question of aesthetic chastity in terms of the unnamed narrator's pretended courtship of Tina when he was a lodger in her home, through which she finali) achieves aesthetic-ethical freedom as a single woman. Like Isabel in The Portrait of a Lady, Tina at first does not appreciate her suitor's self-interestedness, but then manages to establish her aesthetic-ethical autonomy by rendering her virginal spirit proof against its objectification and exploitation by the lodger, in a Kantian parable of freedom Juliana's jealous possession of Jeffrey Aspern's papers and her imperious guardianship of Tina prompt a sustained exploration of Kantian and Saidian notions of interest and disinterest, in which Juliana's machinations are generally comparable to Madame Merle's. Kant's idea of interest refers to bias in the formulation of aesthetic judgement, lacking the disinterest of a truly dispassionate judgement of beauty Edward Said's notion of interest represents imperial prejudice. From these two complementary perspectives, Tina's struggle to transform her presumed feminine interest in masculine sponsorship allows her finally to attain complete disinterestedness in relation to the sexual, familial, historical, and political forces that press on her. On the other hand, the lodger's ardent pursuit of Aspern's private papers. tokens of the poet's aesthetic achievement, involves an imperial agenda to WTest control of them for his own interest as a man of letters and connoisseur of poetry. Keywords: Postcolonialism; feminism; aesthetic-ethic; European-American; Henry James., 1. Introduction I argue that The Aspern Papers takes up the question of aesthetic chastity in terms of the unnamed narrator's pretended courtship of Tina when he was a lodger [...]

The Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF) bought commercial paper from highly rated issuers of U.S. dollar commercial paper during the financial crisis of 2008 to 2009. This is the only study to analyze the accounting characteristics of both financial and non-financial firms participating and not participating in this $738 billion Federal Reserve program. In logistic regressions, CPFF participants and non-participants differed little in solvency or liquidity ratios. Thus, there is little evidence of adverse selection by financial firms. Nevertheless, CPFF participants were significantly more likely to receive capital injections from the TARP bailout, to pose greater systemic risks and be based in North America. JEL Classification: G01, G18, G2, G28 Keywords: ABCP, Asset Backed Commercial Paper, Bailout, Banks, Capital Purchase Program (CPP), Commercial Paper, Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF), Emergency Lending, Federal Reserve, Multinational Firms, Section 13(3), Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), U.S. Treasury, Unsecured Commercial Paper, Unusual and Exigent Circumstances, I. Introduction The Federal Reserve, through its Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF), made aggregate purchases of commercial paper of $738.3 billion between October 27, 2008, and February 1, 2010. This [...]

Byline: Vanita. Ahuja, Kaushic. Theerth, Rakesh. Garg Abstract, as a form of publication, cannot be valued lightly. In this fast-moving world, a research paper does not exist beyond the abstract [...]

The aim of this study is to employ a response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize experimental parameters in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices ([micro]-PADs). The independent parameters include concentrations and volumes of acetylcholinesterase, acetylthiocholine iodide, and 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid). Their effect on mean color intensity was tested and optimized. From the analysis of variance, high regression and fitting values were obtained between the experimental and RSM predicted mean color intensity. Under optimum conditions, satisfactory linearity (R.sup.2 > 0.9990) in the range of 0.25-16 mg/L was obtained for the studied pesticides. The limit of detection (LOD) varies from 0.13 to 0.27 mg/L; high precision (RSD of 3.8-8.0%), reproducibility (RSD of 7.2-11.0%), and recovery (78-97%) were achieved. The RSM approach has been demonstrated to be more efficient than the traditional approach. It resulted in a [micro]-PAD system with less amount of reagent usage and better LOD compared with a univariate approach., Author(s): Sheleme Beshana [sup.1] , Ahmed Hussen [sup.1] , Seyoum Leta [sup.1] , Takashi Kaneta [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7123.7, 0000 0001 1250 5688, Center for Environmental Science, College of [...]

Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers (1) on vaccines and [...]

The Joseph Smith Papers: Documents, Volume 7: September 1839-January 1841. Edited by Matthew C. Godfrey et al. (Salt Lake City: The Church Historians Press, 2018. Pp. xlv, 712, illustrations, bibliography, [...]

A profound medical triumph of the last half of the 20th century was the elucidation of the transport system mediated by plasma lipoproteins. Scientists identified the proteins that carry water-insoluble [...]

Proposals for presentations at the 2024 SOF Conference in Denver are now being accepted by the Conference Committee with a deadline of May 1. Approximately twenty presentation slots will be [...]

In my experiences as an elementary school teacher and now teacher educator, I have engaged in many conversations about the role of Black Language in the classroom. These discussions often [...]

The aim of this research is to gather information regarding the validity of the Student Career Construction Inventory (SCCI) among university students in order to examine the relation between adaptive readiness, adaptability resources, adapting responses and adaptation results. This research is composed of two different studies. Within the scope of Study 1, the validity of the SCCI was analyzed with a sample of Turkish university students (254 participants in total; 190 female, 64 male). On the other hand, within the scope of Study 2, structural equation modelling was utilized to test the career construction model of adaptation empirically. The participants of Study 2 were composed of 553 university students (429 female, 124 male) none of whom participated in Study 1. The first study involved translating SCCI into Turkish and testing the psychometric properties of the scale. The results have demonstrated that SCCI is a valid and reliable scale to be used for Turkish university students. During the second study, the career construction model of adaptation was used to empirically tested. The results of the structural equation modelling supported the career construction model of adaptation showed that adaptation results were affected by adaptive readiness, adaptability resources, and adapting responses sequentially and directly. By examining how Turkish University students construct their career, this investigation advances existing research from a different cultural perspective., Author(s): Elvan Yildiz-Akyol [sup.1] , Kemal Öztemel [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Psychological Counseling and Guidance Program, , Ankara, Turkey Introduction Technological developments accompanied by the continuous change in the world [...]

Over 50 years ago, a marine estuary was converted to a wastewater stabilization basin for treatment of primarily pulp and paper effluent. As a result, the basin was immediately converted to a 'freshwater' environment and subsequently accumulated a thin layer of black, organic-rich sediment containing varying amounts of dioxins and furans, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and petroleum hydrocarbons. Previous studies on the site have shown that the majority of this contamination in the basin appears to have been contained within this black sediment layer and not migrated to any significant extent into the original underlying marine sediments. The purpose of this study is to examine sediment porewater chemistry changes that have occurred over 51 years of operation of the stabilization basin with the intent of better understanding why contamination has been minimal into the underlying natural marine sediments. Field and laboratory testing is presented to characterize the physical, chemical, and mineralogical sediments in the basin. Porewater chemistry profiles obtained from this work are then used in combination with a one-dimensional contaminant transport model to examine the role of diffusion, sorption, and upward groundwater flux in the porewater profiles found for the sediments. Key words: contaminant migration, diffusion, sorption, barrier, pulp and paper Il y a plus de 50 ans, un estuaire marin a ete converti en bassin de stabilisation des eaux usees pour le traitement d'effluents principalement issus du secteur de la pate a papier. En consequence, le bassin a ete immediatement converti en un environnement << d'eau douce >> et a ensuite accumule une fine couche de sediments noirs, riches en matieres organiques, contenant des quantites variables de dioxines et de furanes, de metaux, d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques et d'hydrocarbures petroliers. Des etudes anterieures sur le site ont montre que la majorite de cette contamination dans le bassin semble avoir ete contenue dans cette couche de sediments noirs et n'a pas migre de maniere significative dans les sediments marins sousjacents originaux. Le but de cette etude est d'examiner les changements de la chimie de l'eau interstitielle des sediments qui se sont produits au cours des 51 annees d'exploitation du bassin de stabilisation dans l'intention de mieux comprendre pourquoi la contamination a ete minimale dans les sediments marins naturels sous-jacents. Des essais sur le terrain et en laboratoire sont presentes pour caracteriser les sediments physiques, chimiques et mineralogiques du bassin. Les profils chimiques des eaux interstitielles obtenus a partir de ce travail sont ensuite utilises en combinaison avec un modele unidimensionnel de transport des contaminants pour examiner le role de la diffusion, de la sorption et du flux ascendant des eaux souterraines dans les profils des eaux interstitielles trouves pour les sediments. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : migration des contaminants, diffusion, sorption, barriere, pate et papier, 1. Introduction Boat Harbour (BH) is the stabilization basin, which until 2020, comprised part of a wastewater treatment facility located near Pictou, Nova Scotia, Canada. A tidal estuary until 1967, [...]

A veritable pride 01 major Oxfordian researchers and scholars will be offering up new papers at the SOF's upcoming annual conference in Denver, Colorado this September 26 to 29, 2024. [...]

Leaving more than 100,000 dead and many more wounded and homeless, the bombing of Tokyo in March 1945 remains under-discussed both in Japan and abroad, with a small band of [...]

We investigated the performance of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to rapidly identify intentional additives in a variety of items commonly handled by consumers and workers. We investigated ortho-phthalate esters, specific alternative plasticizers, and flame retardants in food contact materials and consumer products. We also investigated bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) developers in thermal paper purchase receipts. Applications include regulatory compliance screening and product deformulation. We compared FTIR results with mass spectrometry measurements. Samples were analyzed either intact or after a simple liquid-phase extraction using small amounts of nonhalogenated solvents. These methods greatly reduced the time and expense of identifying intentionally added phthalates and other plasticizers compared with more sensitive methods. Similarly, BPA and BPS were readily identified in receipts and organophosphorus flame retardants were identified in child car seats. In some samples, FTIR detected novel or unexpected additives not detected by conventional targeted methods. These approaches are useful for screening diverse product samples for intentional additives with a relatively portable instrument while generating very low volumes of spent solvent., Introduction The Ecology Center of Ann Arbor, Michigan, tests consumer products, publishes reports, and uses the data to engage with product manufacturers, brands, and retailers to eliminate chemical hazards and [...]

Introduction In accordance with its mandate to provide normative guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations [...]

Abstract Poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide (PMIA) with excellent chemical stability and breakdown strenth is regarded as the next generation of insulating paper in power system. However, the basic intensity of PMIA is not [...]

Technological progress provides health professionals with an excellent opportunity to take advantage of these developments and contribute to the development of efficient ways of diagnosing, monitoring, treating and assisting users. The purpose of this work is to present the results of a study conducted to examine the quantitative equivalence of paper-and-pencil and a voice-based conversational assistant, popularly known as a 'chatbot', as means to administer tests. One hundred and eight undergraduate university students completed both versions of the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. The interval between the first and second administration was set at four days. Validity, internal structure, internal consistency and equivalence of chatbot administration mode were assessed. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the factor structure and provided a two-factor structure. Validity and internal consistency are adequate. These results support the feasibility of using chatbots for loneliness assessment in a sample of undergraduate university students and other populations in future., Author(s): Antonio Caballer [sup.1] , Oscar Belmonte [sup.2] , Andrea Castillo [sup.3] , Arturo Gasco [sup.3] , Emilio Sansano [sup.4] , Raul Montoliu [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.9612.c, 0000 0001 [...]

Paper or plastics? That's a trending question--not for retail checkout bags, mind you, but for bottles. Yes, bottles. Paper bottles are not new, but they're garnering a lot of attention [...]

Health inequities, within and across countries, stand as a critical global challenge of our time. Over 1 billion people face preventable diseases and premature deaths due to limited access to [...]

At least this was the impression of suffragist E. Cora Hind after canvassing members of the Manitoba Legislature in 1895 about their opinions of petitions from non-voters. (1) Hind's viewwas [...]

This article situates Chinese paper children immigration during the Exclusion Era and the pre-1965 period in the combined framework of ancient Chinese adoption and transnational kinship formation. It examines, by reading paper children's oral histories and related sources, how the paper children system was rooted in, borrowed from, and modified ancient Chinese adoption practices, through which Chinese immigrants formed transnational, fictive kinship in the United States that were mixed with both blood and non-blood relationships. Since the Exclusion Era, a discourse about Chinese immigrants, especially paper children being illegal, was so powerful that immigration historians seldom question this assumption, even as they critique the institutionalized exclusion that created such illegality. This article, however, challenges this assumption by arguing that paper children immigration generated de facto adoptive relationships between paper children and their paper families, and that these adoptive relationships further sustained paper children's legal status as American citizens. Treating paper children as de facto adoptive members of their paper families, this article brings to the surface a fact that by emphasizing their illegality, the dominant discourse only acknowledged their hidden, original identities and deemed parent-child relationships based on blood ties as the only legitimate ones., LIKE MOST MALE CHINESE IMMIGRANTS WHO ENTERED the United States during the Chinese Exclusion Era, David Der came as a paper son. His grandfather first came to the United States [...]

Objectives Most researchers who study the effects of hormonal contraception on menstrual bleeding rely on self-reported data via paper diaries, for which completeness and timeliness have been shown to be poor. The purpose of this exploratory study was to compare the completeness and timeliness of bleeding data collected via paper diaries, text messages or smartphone application (a.k.a 'app'). Methods This was a sub-study of a double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial comparing the effects of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, naproxen, with placebo when using a copper IUD. Participants tracked bleeding and symptoms over 112 days. Participants tracked bleeding daily using a paper diary as well as with either text messages or a smartphone app. Participants who used paper and the app were also able to record non-bleeding symptoms. Results Twenty-five participants submitted diaries. Of these participants, 10 completed both paper and app diaries, 7 completed both paper and text messages, 4 completed the paper diary only, 4 completed the app only. Text messages had the most complete data (108 days), followed by the app (96 days) and paper diaries (84 days). The lag time between a bleeding event and the date recording that event was 0.10 days for text, 1.0 days for app, and 4.73 days for paper diaries. Participants using the app reported a median of 33 other symptoms over the study period compared to 7 for the paper diaries. Discussion Our findings suggest texts demonstrated more complete and timely bleeding data than either paper diaries, or the app. Compared to paper diaries, the app delivered more complete, timely data, and also collected a large set of symptoms., Author(s): Tatiana Josephy [sup.1] , Sajal Sanan [sup.2] , Erin Thayer [sup.2] , Emily Godfrey [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.170205.1, 0000 0004 1936 7822, Pritzker School of Medicine, University [...]