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The voltammetric characteristics of polycrystalline Au and W electrodes cleaned and characterized in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) is examined in ultrapure AlCl3/1-ethhyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride melts in UHV. The observations open new prospects for fundamental electrochemical studies of well-characterized, highly reactive metals, including single crystals, in a variety of low vapor pressure ionic liquids.

A series of simulations provides an insight into the operational characteristics and factors that affect the performance of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductor-based photochemical cells. The model and simulations offer a method for evaluating where a specific system of interest lies in performance space and what dynamic and thermodynamic factors ought to be manipulated to have maximal effect on improving the efficiency of the resulting photoelectrochemical energy conversion system.

An analytical model describing the operation of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductor photoelectrodes is developed. The system of differential equations, subject to the specified boundary conditions, represents a closed-form mathematical description of the charge-carrier flow in the system.