Search

The present study compares structure, mean trait levels, and development of child personality in Slovenia and Russia, using parent and self-reports on the Inventory of Child Individual Differences. Evidence for the Five Factor Model of child and adolescent personality structure is demonstrated across age groups, genders, and countries. In comparison with Russians, Slovenian children are rated higher on Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness. Some of the differences are observed even among toddlers, and these differences increase over age, suggesting that they do not arise solely in the process of socialization. Cultural differences are more pronounced for parent reports than for adolescent self-reports, suggesting that a part of these differences may reflect cultural influences on parent ratings. Keywords: personality; children; adolescents; culture

Byline: Yu. P. Knyazev (1,2), Yu. V. Cheburkin (1,2), K. Spikermann (2), S. Peter (3), G. Jenster (4), K. H. Bangma (4), M. I. Karelin (1), M. I. Shkolnik (1), A. I. Urbanskii (1), V. I. Evtushenko (1), A. Ullrich (2), P. G. Knyazev (2) Keywords: genomics; prostate carcinoma; molecular classification; cDNA arrays; molecular oncology; expression; clusters; oncogenes; protein-tyrosine kinases; protein-tyrosine phosphatases Abstract: Hybridization with cDNA arrays was used to obtain expression profiles of 263 protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK), protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), dual-specific phosphatase (DuSP), and other genes for the normal prostate tissue, primary prostate carcinomas (PC) of 84 patients, 7 xenografts, and 5 carcinoma cell lines. Analysis of 96 profiles revealed eight clusters of genes coexpressed in PC (coefficient of correlation r &gt 0.7). According to the known functions of their genes, the clusters were designated as proliferating-cell (CDC42, TOP2A, FGFR3, MYC, etc.), neoangiogenesis and blood-cell (LCK, VAV1, KDR, VEGF, MMP9, SYK, PTPRS, and FLT4), invasion-1 and invasion-2 (ADAM17, TRPM2, DUSP6, VIM, CAV1, CAV2, JAK1, PTPNS1, FYN, and PDGFB), HER2, and PSA/PSM/HER3. Basing on expression profiles of 66 genes, a molecular classification of PC was generated and allowed discrimination between PC and cell lines or xenografts at 98.9% probability. The results suggested that, along with PSA, PSM (FOLH1), callicreine-2, and [alpha]-2-macroglobulin, cell signaling genes EGFR, HER2, HER3, TOP2, KRT8, KRT18, VEGF, CD44, VIM, CAV1, and CAV2 may serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers in PC. The HER2, VEGF, and CD44 genes and the MMP and ADAM families were assumed to be promising targets for inhibitors of PC cell proliferation and metastasis. Author Affiliation: (1) Research Institute of Roentgenology and Radiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russia (2) Max-Planck Institute fur Biochemie, Martinsried, 82152, Deutschland (3) Urologishe Klinik, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64283, Deutschland (4) Urology Department, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, P.O.Box 2040 Article History: Registration Date: 12/10/2004

Byline: G. G. Knyazev (1), H. R. Slobodskaya (1), L. I. Aftanas (1), N. N. Savina (1) Abstract: The relationships between EEG and the teachers' and parents' ratings of conduct disorder and emotional problems were studied in 20 schoolchildren between the ages of 9 to 13 years. For the assessment of behavioral and emotional problems, we used the Rutter questionnaire for teachers and the Achenbach questionnaire for parents. The intelligence was determined with the Wechsler test. The electroencephalogram was recorded at rest with eyes open and closed, from 16 derivations, using the international 10--20 system. Correlation analysis, controlling the effects of age and sex, and stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between the I,.sub.1 relative spectral power and parental ratings of delinquent behavior and teachers' ratings of hyperactivity and conduct disorder. The relative spectral power of the I3 band positively correlated with the intelligence and negatively, with the teachers' ratings of conduct disorder and hyperactivity. Children with high parental ratings of anxiety and depression and low teachers' ratings of hyperactivity had higher spectral power of the [alpha] band in the left occipital region than in the right region. The average difference between the spectral power of the [alpha] band in the derivations P .sub.3 and P .sub.4 with eyes open and closed correlated negatively with the parents' ratings of attention deficit. The discussion of the results involves the relationship between impulsiveness and arousal and the role of the right hemisphere in the generation of emotions. Author Affiliation: (1) Institute of Physiology, Siberian Division of the, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Timakova 4, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia Article History: Registration Date: 12/10/2004