1. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics hybrid model of ice-jam formation and release
- Author
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Nolin, Simon, Roubtsova, Varvara, Morse, Brian, and Quach, Tung
- Subjects
Icing (Meteorology) -- Observations -- Measurement -- Models -- Environmental aspects ,Hydrodynamics -- Models -- Measurement -- Environmental aspects ,Hydrofoil boats -- Hydrodynamics ,Saint John River (Maine-New Brunswick) -- Environmental aspects - Abstract
This article presents a numerical public domain model, SPIKI, to simulate water and ice dynamics during icejam formation and river breakup events. The model has two independent coupled components. The first is a one-dimensional (1-D) finite volume Saint-Venant hydrodynamic model, whereas the second is a two-dimensional (2-D) model called smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) ice-rubble model that simulates ice dynamics. Application to an idealized test case demonstrated the effect of a variable angle of internal friction and the effect of ice-bank friction during the formation of an ice jam. Application to an actual event on the Saint John River in New Brunswick, Canada reproduced, within the certainty of the observed data, an observed ice-jam profile and the rise in water level and discharge after the release of the jam. Key words: river ice, ice jam, finite-difference model, Saint-Venant equations, Saint John River, internal angle of friction. Un modele numerique hybride nomme SPIKI a ete concu afin de simuler la dynamique de la glace fluviale lors de la formation d'embacles ainsi que lors de la debacle. Le modele possede une composante hydrodynamique 1-D utilisant la methode des volumes finis et une composante 2-D qui simule la dynamique de la glace en utilisant la methode SPH. Les resultats montrent que le modele peut simuler correctement un embacle idealise. Ils demontrent egalement l'influence d'un angle de friction variable et l'effet du frottement de la glace contre les berges lors de la formation d'un embacle. SPIKI a aussi reussit a simuler la formation d'un embacle et son relachement survenus en avril 1993 sur la riviere Saint John au Nouveau-Brunswick. Le profil d'embacle obtenu est conforme aux observations de terrain. Apres relachement, les valeurs de debit et de niveau simulees par SPIKI sont comparables aux mesures sur le terrain. Mots-cles : Glace fluviale, embacle, modele volume fini, equations St. Venant, riviere Saint-John, angle interne de friction. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Simulating the increase in water level and discharge in the event of a dam break is important for public safety. For example, in Canada, according to the dam safety [...]
- Published
- 2009