Search

We investigated early adolescents' perceptions of parenting styles in mother-father-adolescent triads along with child self-reported problem behaviors (substance abuse and delinquency). We also examined the various combinations of mothers' and fathers' parenting styles by child gender in relation to problem behavior. Participants included 3,353 children (aged 12 to 14) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth--97. Results from our structural equation model indicated that mothers and fathers may use different parenting strategies and that permissive parenting may not be as detrimental as previously assumed. In addition, youth perceptions of each parent were equally important in explaining problem behavior among both daughters and sons, but the perception of an authoritarian mother showed stronger adverse effects on sons, even after controlling for poverty and peer influence. KEYWORDS child gender, delinquency, early adolescents, parenting, parenting style, problem behavior, substance abuse DOI: 10.1080/01494929.2010.543040

Guided by symbolic interactionism, this qualitative study based on interviews with 83 rural mothers investigated mothers' perceptions of nonresident fathers' involvement in low-income families. Contrary to some fathers' claims that mothers 'gatekeep' their access to children, the majority of mothers in our study wanted increased father involvement. The mothers' desire for active father--child interaction was not dampened by their frustration at the lack or irregularity of child support payment, which mothers tended to accept, given the lack of economic opportunities in rural communities. Despite their wishes to promote father--child contact, mothers also experienced frustration and distrust toward former partners when they perceived that the fathers were not fulfilling their expected parental roles. This study demonstrates that mothers' actions, which may be interpreted as gatekeeping by the fathers, are often not intended to discourage father involvement but rather are meant to negotiate more acceptable father behavior. Keywords: maternal gatekeeping; nonresident father involvement; coparenting; rural low-income families

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00503.x Byline: Lenna Ontai (**), Yoshie Sano (**), Holly Hatton (**), Katherine J. Conger (**) Keywords: family structure; health; parenting; social support Abstract: Abstract: Parenting confidence can be undermined by the presence of frequent or persistent health problems, particularly for people living in rural communities that have limited access to adequate health care. However, little is known about how minor health problems in the family impact parenting. The current study examined single and coresident mothers' parent confidence in relation to family health problems and parental support in a sample of 303 low-income, rural mothers with young children from 14 states. Results show that the presence of family health problems was negatively associated with parent confidence. For coresident mothers, there was an indirect relationship through perceived parental support. Article note: (**) Lenna Ontai is an assistant specialist in Cooperative Extension in the Department of Human and Community Development at the University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (lontaigrz@ucdavis.edu). Yoshie Sano is an assistant professor in the Department of Human Development at the Washington State University-Vancouver, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686 (yoshie_sano@vancouver.wsu.edu). Holly Hatton is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Human and Community Development at the University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (hnpong@ucdavis.edu). Katherine J. Conger is an assistant professor of the Department of Human and Community Development at the University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (kjconger@ucdavis.edu).

NHE1/SLCgA1 is a ubiquitous isoform of vertebrate [Na.sup.+]/[H.sup.+] exchangers (NHEs) functioning in maintaining intracellular concentrations of [Na.sup.+] and [H.sup.+] ions. Calcineurin homologous protein-1 (CHP1) binds to the hydrophilic region of NHE1 and regulates NHE1 activity but reportedly does not play a role in translocating NHE1 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. However, an antiport function of NHE1 requiring CHP1 remains to be clarified. Here we established CHP1-deficient chicken B lymphoma DT40 cells by gene targeting to address CHP1 function. CHP1-deficient cells showed extensive decreases in [Na.sup.+]/[H.sup.+] activities in intact cells. Although NHE1 mRNA levels were not affected, NHE1 protein levels were significantly reduced not only in the plasma membrane but in whole cells. The expression of a CHP1 transgene in CHP1-deficient cells rescued NHE1 protein expression. Expression of mutant forms of CHP1 defective in [Ca.sup.2+] binding or myristoylation also partially decreased NHE1 protein levels. Knockdown of CHP1 also caused a moderate decrease in NHE1 protein in HeLa cells. These data indicate that CHP1 primarily plays an essential role in stabilization of NHE1 for reaching of NHE1 to the plasma membrane and its exchange activity. membrane protein; transporter; antiporter; quality control; degradation doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00464.2006