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: Introduction: Achieving optimal HIV outcomes, as measured by global 90‐90‐90 targets, that is awareness of HIV‐positive status, receipt of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy among aware and viral load (VL) suppression among those on ARVs, respectively, is critical. However, few data from sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) are available on older people (50+) living with HIV (OPLWH). We examined 90‐90‐90 progress by age, 15–49 (as a comparison) and 50+ years, with further analyses among 50+ (55–59, 60–64, 65+ vs. 50–54), in 13 countries (Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Methods: Using data from nationally representative Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments, conducted between 2015and 2019, participants from randomly selected households provided demographic and clinical information and whole blood specimens for HIV serology, VL and ARV testing. Survey weighted outcomes were estimated for 90‐90‐90 targets. Country‐specific Poisson regression models examined 90‐90‐90 variation among OPLWH age strata. Results: Analyses included 24,826 HIV‐positive individuals (15–49 years: 20,170; 50+ years: 4656). The first, second and third 90 outcomes were achieved in 1, 10 and 5 countries, respectively, by those aged 15–49, while OPLWH achieved outcomes in 3, 13 and 12 countries, respectively. Among those aged 15–49, women were more likely to achieve 90‐90‐90 targets than men; however, among OPLWH, men were more likely to achieve first and third 90 targets than women, with second 90 achievement being equivalent. Country‐specific 90‐90‐90 regression models among OPLWH demonstrated minimal variation by age stratum across 13 countries. Among OLPWH, no first 90 target differences were noted by age strata; three countries varied in the second 90 by older age strata but not in a consistent direction; one country showed higher achievement of the third 90 in an older age stratum. Conclusions: While OPLWH in these 13 countries were slightly more likely than younger people to be aware of their HIV‐positive status (first 90), this target was not achieved in most countries. However, OPLWH achieved treatment (second 90) and VL suppression (third 90) targets in more countries than PLWH, INTRODUCTION Persons living with HIV (PLWH), including those in low‐ and middle‐income countries, have experienced extended life expectancies due to the success of antiretroviral (ARV) therapies [1]. In 2014, the [...]

: Introduction: Population‐based biomarker surveys are the gold standard for estimating HIV prevalence but are susceptible to substantial non‐participation (up to 30%). Analytical missing data methods, including inverse‐probability weighting (IPW) and multiple imputation (MI), are biased when data are missing‐not‐at‐random, for example when people living with HIV more frequently decline participation. Heckman‐type selection models can, under certain assumptions, recover unbiased prevalence estimates in such scenarios. Methods: We pooled data from 142,706 participants aged 15–49 years from nationally representative cross‐sectional Population‐based HIV Impact Assessments in seven countries in sub‐Saharan Africa, conducted between 2015 and 2018 in Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho and Eswatini. We compared sex‐stratified HIV prevalence estimates from unadjusted, IPW, MI and selection models, controlling for household and individual‐level predictors of non‐participation, and assessed the sensitivity of selection models to the copula function specifying the correlation between study participation and HIV status. Results: In total, 84.1% of participants provided a blood sample to determine HIV serostatus (range: 76% in Malawi to 95% in Uganda). HIV prevalence estimates from selection models diverged from IPW and MI models by up to 5% in Lesotho, without substantial precision loss. In Tanzania, the IPW model yielded lower HIV prevalence estimates among males than the best‐fitting copula selection model (3.8% vs. 7.9%). Conclusions: We demonstrate how HIV prevalence estimates from selection models can differ from those obtained under missing‐at‐random assumptions. Further benefits include exploration of plausible relationships between participation and outcome. While selection models require additional assumptions and careful specification, they are an important tool for triangulating prevalence estimates in surveys with substantial missing data due to non‐participation., INTRODUCTION Accurate HIV prevalence estimates are crucial for monitoring HIV disease burden and guiding testing and clinical management. However, population‐based HIV biomarker surveys, the gold standard for estimating HIV prevalence, [...]

ABSTRACT The inventories of historical printed music published by the Repertoire International des Sources Musicales (RISM) beginning in 1960 were a major achievement of post-war international cooperation between music librarians [...]

Johann Adolph Scheibe: A Catalogue of His Works. By Peter Hauge. (Danish Humanist Texts and Studies, vol. 58.) Copenhagen: Danish Centre for Music Editing, Royal Danish Library, and Museum Tusculanum [...]

Abstract This paper presents two collaborative programs at a small academic library that leverage the insights, engagement, and interests of our most important asset: our staff. Two new library committees, [...]

Design of the Scores A brief survey of Ricordi's use and arrangement of typefaces on scores for solo vocal music illustrates how the firm's engravers and occasional lithographers embrace title [...]

ABSTRACT This study examines fifty-four scores from the collection of Ricordi materials held at the Northwestern University Music Library in Evanston, Illinois (US-Eu). The scores are music for solo voice [...]

Gottfried August Homilius: Thematisches Verzeichnis der musikalischen Werke. By Uwe Wolf. (Ausgewahlte Werke, Reihe 5: Supplement, Bd. 2.) Stuttgart: Carus, 2014. [688 p. ISBN 9783899481860. 169. [euro]] Abbreviations, music examples, [...]

Historical Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Classical Music. By Nicole V. Gagne. (Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts.) Lanham., MD: Scarecrow Press, 2012. [xxiv, 367 p. ISBN 9780810867659. $80.] [...]

Patients with primary (AL) cardiac amyloidosis suffer from progressive cardiomyopathy with a median survival of less than 8 months and a 5-year survival of amyloid | cell death | heart failure | TAB1 | reactive oxygen species doi/10.1073/pnas.0912263107

Lucky imaging, used with some success in astronomical and even horizontal-path imaging, relies on fleeting conditions of the atmosphere that allow momentary improvements in image quality, at least in portions of an image. Aperture synthesis allows a larger aperture and, thus, a higher-resolution imaging system to be synthesized through the superposition of image spatial-frequency components gathered by cooperative combinations of smaller subapertures. A combination of lucky imaging and aperture synthesis strengthens both methods for obtaining improved images through the turbulent atmosphere. We realize the lucky imaging condition appropriate for aperture synthesis imaging for a pair of rectangular subapertures and demonstrate that this condition occurs when the signal energy associated with bandpass spatial-frequency components achieves its maximum value. OCIS codes: 110.0115, 100.3175.

Electric-field measurements made in and near clouds during two airborne field programs are presented. Aircraft equipped with multiple electric-field mills and cloud physics sensors were flown near active convection and into thunderstorm anvil and debris clouds. The magnitude of the electric field was measured as a function of position with respect to the cloud edge to provide an observational basis for modifications to the lightning launch commit criteria (LLCC) used by the U.S. space program. These LLCC are used to reduce the risk that an ascending launch vehicle will trigger a lightning strike that could cause the loss of the mission or vehicle. Even with fields of tens of kV [m.sup.-1] inside electrically active convective clouds, the fields external to these clouds decay to less than 3 kV [m.sup.-1] within 15 km of cloud edge. Fields that exceed 3 kV [m.sup.-1] were not found external to anvil and debris clouds.

Serum HGF is elevated in obese individuals. This study examined the contribution of excess adipose tissue to increased circulating HGF levels in obesity. Serum HGF was measured by ELISA before and after weight loss due to bariatric surgery or a 24-h fast. At 6.1 [+ or -] 0.1 mo following surgery, BMI (50.6 [+ or -] 1.6 vs. 35.1 [+ or -] 1.3 kg/[m.sup.2]; P < 0.0001) and serum HGF were significantly decreased (1,164 [+ or -] 116 vs. 529 [+ or -] 39 pg/ml, P < 0.001). A 24-h fast did not change serum HGF, but serum leptin was significantly reduced (67.7 [+ or -] 7.1 vs. 50.3 2 8.3 ng/ml, P = 0.02). HGF secretion in vitro from adipocytes of obese (BMI 40.3 [+ or -] 2.8 kg/[m.sup.2]) subjects was significantly greater (80.9 [+ or -] 10.4 vs. 21.5 [+ or -] 4.0 pg/[10.sup.5] cells, P = 0.008) than release from adipocytes of lean (BMI 23.3 [+ or -] 1.4 kg/[m.sup.2]) subjects. HGF mRNA levels determined by real-time RT-PCR were not different in adipocytes from lean (BMI 24.0 [+ or -] 0.8 kg/[m.sup.2]) and obese (45.7 [+ or -] 3.0 kg/[m.sup.2]) subjects, but serum HGF was significantly elevated in the obese individuals studied (787 [+ or -] 61 vs. 489 [+ or -] 49 pg/ml, P = 0.001). TNF-[alpha] (24 h treatment) significantly increased HGF release from subcutaneous adipocytes 23.6 [+ or -] 8.3% over control (P = 0.02). These data suggest that elevated serum HGF in obesity is in part attributable to excess adipose tissue and that this effect can be reversed by reducing adipose tissue mass through weight loss. Increased HGF secretion from adipocytes of obese subjects may be due to posttranscriptional events possibly related to adipocyte size and stimulation by elevated TNF-[alpha] in the adipose tissue of obese individuals. adipocytes; obesity; tumor necrosis factor-s; adiponectin; leptin; weight loss; hepatocyte growth factor

During the past decade, usability testing has become an integral component of Web design and development in libraries. Within the past five years, library portals allowing some degree of personal customization have established a presence on a number of library home pages. This chapter reviews some basic concepts of usability testing and then examines how usability testing has been employed to inform the design and use of Web sites and customized library portals at the University of Washington and at other institutions. KEYWORDS. Usability testing, library Web sites, library portals, interface design

INTRODUCTION Currently, the number of female offenders continues to increase while the overall crime rate drops. (1) Unfortunately, the most recent report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics does not [...]

The Central Office of Repertoire International des Sources Musicales (RISM) in Frankfurt, Germany, is pleased to announce the release of Muscat, its specialized program to catalog musical sources. Muscat is [...]

Printed Music (A/I and B/I) now in RISM's Online Catalog. Repertoire International des Sources Musicales (RISM) is pleased to announce a major addition to its free, online catalog that strengthens [...]