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Introduction and Objectives: In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the workup pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the clinical impact of coronary revascularization complexity remains unknown. This study sought to examine the impact of PCI complexity on clinical outcomes after TAVR in patients undergoing PCI in the preprocedural workup., Methods: This was a multicenter study including consecutive patients scheduled for TAVR with concomitant significant coronary artery disease. Complex PCI was defined as having at least 1 of the following features: 3 vessels treated, ≥ 3 stents implanted, ≥ 3 lesions treated, bifurcation with 2 stents implanted, total stent length >60mm, or chronic total occlusion. The rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, and coronary revascularization were evaluated., Results: A total of 1550 patients were included, of which 454 (29.3%) underwent complex PCI in the pre-TAVR workup. After a median follow-up period of 2 [1-3] years after TAVR, the incidence of MACE was 9.6 events per 100 patients-years. Complex PCI significantly increased the risk of cardiac death (HR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.01-2.07), nonperiprocedural myocardial infarction (HR, 1.52; 95%CI, 1.04-2.21), and coronary revascularization (HR, 2.46; 95%CI, 1.44-4.20). In addition, PCI complexity was identified as an independent predictor of MACE after TAVR (HR, 1.31; 95%CI, 1.01-1.71; P=.042)., Conclusions: In TAVR candidates with significant coronary artery disease requiring percutaneous treatment, complex revascularization was associated with a higher risk of MACE. The degree of procedural complexity should be considered a strong determinant of prognosis in the PCI-TAVR population., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the work-up pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the incidence and clinical impact of late bleeding events (LBEs) remain largely unknown., Objectives: This study sought to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, associated factors, and outcomes of LBEs in patients undergoing PCI in the work-up pre-TAVR., Methods: This was a multicenter study including 1,457 consecutive patients (mean age 81 ± 7 years; 41.5% women) who underwent TAVR and survived beyond 30 days. LBEs (>30 days post-TAVR) were defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 criteria., Results: LBEs occurred in 116 (7.9%) patients after a median follow-up of 23 (IQR: 12-40) months. Late bleeding was minor, major, and life-threatening or disabling in 21 (18.1%), 63 (54.3%), and 32 (27.6%) patients, respectively. Periprocedural (<30 days post-TAVR) major bleeding and the combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy at discharge were independent factors associated with LBEs (P ≤ 0.02 for all). LBEs conveyed an increased mortality risk at 4-year follow-up compared with no bleeding (43.9% vs 36.0; P = 0.034). Also, LBE was identified as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality after TAVR (HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05-1.83; P = 0.020)., Conclusions: In TAVR candidates with concomitant significant coronary artery disease requiring percutaneous treatment, LBEs after TAVR were frequent and associated with increased mortality. Combining antiplatelet and anticoagulation regimens and the occurrence of periprocedural bleeding determined an increased risk of LBEs. Preventive strategies should be pursued for preventing late bleeding after TAVR, and further studies are needed to provide more solid evidence on the most safe and effective antithrombotic regimen post-TAVR in this challenging group of patients., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Rodés-Cabau holds the Research Chair “Fondation Famille Jacques Larivière” for the Development of Structural Heart Disease Interventions (Laval University); and has received institutional research grants and speaker/consultant fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Among patients with acute coronary syndrome following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), those presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are at highest risk., Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of STEMI after TAVR., Methods: This was a multicenter study including 118 patients presenting with STEMI at a median of 255 days (interquartile range: 9 to 680 days) after TAVR. Procedural features of STEMI after TAVR managed with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were compared with all-comer STEMI: 439 non-TAVR patients who had primary PCI within the 2 weeks before and after each post-TAVR STEMI case in 5 participating centers from different countries., Results: Median door-to-balloon time was higher in TAVR patients (40 min [interquartile range: 25 to 57 min] vs. 30 min [interquartile range: 25 to 35 min]; p = 0.003). Procedural time, fluoroscopy time, dose-area product, and contrast volume were also higher in TAVR patients (p < 0.01 for all). PCI failure occurred more frequently in patients with previous TAVR (16.5% vs. 3.9%; p < 0.001), including 5 patients in whom the culprit lesion was not revascularized owing to coronary ostia cannulation failure. In-hospital and late (median of 7 months [interquartile range: 1 to 21 months]) mortality rates were 25.4% and 42.4%, respectively (20.6% and 38.2% in primary PCI patients), and estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42 to 6.43; p = 0.004), Killip class ≥2 (HR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.37 to 5.49; p = 0.004), and PCI failure (HR: 3.23; 95% CI: 1.42 to 7.31; p = 0.005) determined an increased risk., Conclusions: STEMI after TAVR was associated with very high in-hospital and mid-term mortality. Longer door-to-balloon times and a higher PCI failure rate were observed in TAVR patients, partially due to coronary access issues specific to the TAVR population, and this was associated with poorer outcomes., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr. Faroux has received fellowship support from Institut Servier and the Association Régionale de Cardiologie de Champagne-Ardenne (ARCCA); and has received research grants from Biotronik, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. Dr. Abdel-Wahab has served as a consultant for Boston Scientific and Medtronic. Dr. Windecker has received research and educational grants from Abbott, Amgen, BMS, Bayer, Boston Scientific, Biotronik, Cardinal Health, CardioValve, CSL Behring, Daiichi-Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Querbet, Polares, Sanofi, Terumo, and Sinomed. Dr. Auffret has received lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. Dr. Trillo-Nouche has served as a proctor for Boston Scientific and Medtronic. Dr. Toggweiler has served as a consultant and proctor for Abbott, Boston Scientific, Biosensors, and Medtronic. Dr. Tarantini has received lecture fees from Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, Gada, and Medtronic. Dr. Saia has served as a member of advisory boards for Abbott, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. Dr. Durand has served as a consultant for Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Asmarats has served as a proctor for Abbott. Dr. Nejjari has served as a proctor for Abbott and Boston Scientific. Dr. Muntané-Carol was supported by a grant from the Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero (Madrid, Spain). Dr. Mangieri has received an institutional grant from Boston Scientific. Dr. Rodés-Cabau has received institutional research grants from Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and Boston Scientific; and holds the Research Chair “Fondation Famille Jacques Larivière” for the Development of Structural Heart Disease Interventions. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: This study sought to determine, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during the work-up pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR): 1) the clinical and peri-procedural PCI characteristics; 2) the long-term outcomes; and 3) the clinical events in those patients with complex coronary features., Background: A PCI is performed in about 25% of TAVR candidates, but procedural features and late outcomes of pre-TAVR PCI remain largely unknown., Methods: Multicenter study including 1197 consecutive patients who had PCI in the work-up pre-TAVR. A total of 1,705 lesions (1.5 ± 0.7 lesions per patient) were included. Death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were recorded, as well as target lesion failure (TLF) and target vessel failure (TVF)., Results: One-half of patients exhibited a multivessel disease and the mean SYNTAX (SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) score was 12.1 ± 9.1. The lesions were of B2/C type, calcified, bifurcation, and ostial in 49.9%, 45.8%, 21.4%, and 19.3% of cases, respectively. After a median follow-up of 2 (interquartile range: 1 to 3) years, a total of 444 (37.1%) patients presented an MACCE. Forty patients exhibited TVF (3.3%), with TLF identified in 32 (2.7%) patients. By multivariable analysis, previous peripheral artery disease (p < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.002), atrial fibrillation (p = 0.003), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.012), and incomplete revascularization (p = 0.014) determined an increased risk of MACCE. In patients with unprotected left main or SYNTAX score >32 (n = 128), TLF, TVF, and MACCE rates were 3.9%, 6.3%, and 35.9%, respectively (p = 0.378; p = 0.065, and p = 0.847, respectively, vs. the rest of the population)., Conclusions: Patients undergoing PCI in the work-up pre-TAVR frequently exhibited complex coronary lesions and multivessel disease. PCI was successful in most cases, and TLF and TVF rates at 2-year follow-up were low, also among patients with high-risk coronary features. However, overall MACCE occurred in about one-third of patients, with incomplete revascularization determining an increased risk. These results should inform future studies to better determine the optimal revascularization strategy pre-TAVR., Competing Interests: Author Relationship With Industry Dr. Faroux has received fellowship support from Institut Servier and the Association Régionale de Cardiologie de Champagne-Ardenne; and has received research grant support from Biotronik, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. Dr.Rodés-Cabau has received institutional research grants from Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and Boston Scientific. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2020 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Scarce data exist on coronary events following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), and no study has determined the factors associated with poorer outcomes in this setting. This study sought to determine the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events following TAVR., Methods: Multicenter cohort study including a total of 270 patients presenting an ACS after a median time of 12 (interquartile range, 5-17) months post-TAVR. Post-ACS death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and overall major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events were recorded., Results: The ACS clinical presentation consisted of non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) type 2 (31.9%), non-STEMI type 1 (31.5%), unstable angina (28.5%), and STEMI (8.1%). An invasive strategy was used in 163 patients (60.4%), and a percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 97 patients (35.9%). Coronary access issues were observed in 2.5% and 2.1% of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures, respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was 10.0%, and at a median follow-up of 17 (interquartile range, 5-32) months, the rates of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events were 43.0%, 4.1%, 15.2%, and 52.6%, respectively. By multivariable analysis, revascularization at ACS time was associated with a reduction of the risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.36-0.81] P =0.003), whereas STEMI increased the risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.05-4.03] P =0.036) and major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (hazard ratio, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.08-3.57] P =0.026)., Conclusions: ACS events in TAVR recipients exhibited specific characteristics (ACS presentation, low use of invasive procedures, coronary access issues) and were associated with a poor prognosis, with a very high in-hospital and late death rate. STEMI and the lack of coronary revascularization determined an increased risk. These results should inform future studies to improve both the prevention and management of ACS post-TAVR.