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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' perception of patient safety and the safety climate., Design: Descriptive study., Methods: The sample consisted of 262 surgical nurses. Data were collected with an online questionnaire system using the Leiden Operating Theatre and Intensive Care Safety (LOTICS) Scale and Patient Safety Climate (PSC) Scale., Findings: Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses were found to have higher perceptions of patient safety (106.0 ± 15.2 vs 102.6 ± 17.0) and safety climate (59.2 ± 20.9 vs 50.9 ± 24.3) than Operating Room (OR) nurses. According to ICU nurses, OR nurses stated that teamwork was weak, they did not feel like a part of the team, and teamwork was incompatible. They stated that there was no preliminary information about the operation, that they could not get enough information during the operation, that sufficient materials were not available in the OR in case of need, and that the worn-out materials were not replaced and repaired in a timely manner., Conclusions: As nurses' perception of patient safety increases; patient safety climate perceptions also increased. Providing both professional and in-service trainings to raise awareness of patient safety, developing strategies that prevent team conflicts, providing preliminary information about the surgery, and eliminating material deficiencies can increase nurses' perception of PSC., (Copyright © 2022 American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: To analyse the effect of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on the microaspiration of the stomach contents by measuring at the level of pepsin in deep tracheal aspiration., Design: A single-blind, randomised controlled trial., Methods: This trial protocol was reported using the SPIRIT checklist. Endotracheal tube cuff pressure control will be provided with pilot balloon finger palpation, intermittent and continuous. The pepsin level will be measured during deep tracheal secretions in order to assess the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on the microaspiration of the stomach contents. The samples will be examined within the first 4 h, between the 5th and 24th hours, and between the 25th and 48th hours after intubation. The level of pepsin will be considered positive according to the cut-off value. In addition, the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure controls on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia will be examined. In study group 1, study group 2 and the control group, the number of patients is planned to be 56., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, Number NCT04061083. Registered in 2019., Discussion: The findings will show the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure control methods on microaspiration of stomach content and the possible changes in pepsin level in deep tracheal aspirates., Conclusion: This study will shed light on future studies regarding pepsin level as a biomarker in treatment and follow-up patients receiving mechanical ventilator support using an ETT and emphasise the importance of multidisciplinary studies., Relevance to Clinical Practice: As a result of the findings to be obtained from this study, the effect of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control on gastric content microaspiration and ventilator-associated pneumonia will be determined and the most appropriate endotracheal tube cuff pressure control method will be identified to prevent it. Nurses' awareness of endotracheal tube cuff pressure measurement methods will be increased. The frequency and methods of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control will provide strong evidence that can be included in the ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention care bundle., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)