1. Development of bioreactors for comparative study of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil.
- Author
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Safdari MS, Kariminia HR, Rahmati M, Fazlollahi F, Polasko A, Mahendra S, Wilding WV, and Fletcher TH
- Subjects
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Bioreactors, Hydrocarbons chemistry, Petroleum metabolism, Hydrocarbons metabolism, Soil chemistry, Soil Pollutants analysis
- Abstract
Bioremediation of soil and groundwater sites contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons is known as a technically viable, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate laboratory-scale bioremediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil through development of eight bioreactors, two bioreactors for each bioremediation mode. The modes were: (1) natural attenuation (NA); (2) biostimulation (BS) with oxygen and nutrients; (3) bioaugmentation (BA) with hydrocarbon degrading isolates; (4) a combination of biostimulation and bioaugmentation (BS-BA). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) mass balance over the bioreactors showed about 2% of initial 20,000mgkg-soil
-1 TPH was removed by advection due to synthetic groundwater which was flowing through the soil, and the rest of decrease in TPH was caused by biodegradation. The BS-BA mode showed the highest TPH biodegradation percentage (89.7±0.3%) compared to the NA (51.4±0.6%), BS (81.9±0.3%) and BA (62.9±0.5%) modes. Furthermore, an increase in microbial population was another evidence of TPH biodegradation by microorganism. Reaction rate data from each bioremediation mode were fitted with a first-order reaction rate model. The Monod kinetic constants including maximum specific growth rate of microorganisms (μmax ) and substrate concentration at half-velocity constant (Ks ) were estimated for each bioremediation modes., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
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