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Aim This study aims to assess patient motivation during implant therapy using the newly developed implant treatment motivation scale. Materials and methods A questionnaire study was conducted, consisting of 15 questions designed to explore the motivating factors behind patients' decision to undergo implant therapy. A total of 50 patients about to undergo implant treatment at the Departments of Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Prosthodontics participated in the study.  Results Analysis revealed a consistently high level of motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) among all patients undergoing implant therapy. Conclusions The findings highlight the crucial role of motivation in treatment-seeking behavior, emphasizing the importance of dentists in motivating and guiding patients through the process of implant therapy., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre issued approval ST0923-768. The IEC approves the study. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, R et al.)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vertical bone loss after using different techniques: sloped implants or standard implants with guided bone regeneration. Patients with tooth gap and horizontal bone deficiency were randomly allocated to the test group (implants with sloped platform-SLP) and control group (standard design implants with guided bone regeneration-GBR). The primary outcome was bone loss (6 months after finishing the prosthetic treatment). Secondary outcomes included the following: patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), post-operative edema, keratinized mucosa width, and pink aesthetic score (PES). The average bone loss at 6 months was 0.23 ± 0.15 mm and 1.03 ± 0.37 mm in the SLP and GBR groups, respectively. The SLP group was characterized by lower pain intensity the first 7 days ( p < 0.001), lower post-operative edema ( p < 0.001), lower consumption of NSAIDs on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 ( p = 0.002, <0.001, <0.001, and 0.008), and lower total OHIP-14 ( p = 0.047) on day 7. The keratinized mucosa width was 3.7 (3.4-4.0) mm and 2 (1.4-2.0) mm in the SLP and GBR groups, respectively. The preservation of the mesial, distal papillae, and the level of soft tissue correspondence were significantly higher in the SLP group ( p = 0.003, 0.038, <0.001). In the SLP group, more natural color and better texture of soft tissues were found ( p = 0.048, p = 0.041). The use of implants with a sloped platform resulted in superior outcomes compared to the standard-design implants with GBR.

Prosthodontics, which is removable and fixed, is the branch dealing with the replacement of missing teeth. Implant therapy is the popular treatment modality and commonly preferred treatment option by many patients and clinicians for missing teeth in recent years. Primary implant stability (PIS) is one of the crucial factors for osseointegration. It has been considered a crucial factor in the success of implants. Moreover, several factors influence PIS. On the other hand, both secondary implant stability and osseointegration are influenced by the PIS. Bone density, bone volume, bone-to-implant contact, and other factors that enhance or degrade the primary stability. Certain host sites such as the maxillary posterior region demand more dense bone to achieve desired results as they are the low-density areas of the jaw. So, a new promising and growing innovative concept of osseodensification (OD) offers a great solution with multiple benefits and desirable results. This review article aims to enlighten the multiple benefits of OD technique and their mechanism of action., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Khubchandani et al.)

Objective: Fundamentally, this review addresses the following question: In partially or fully edentulous patients, do implant-supported dental prostheses preserve orofacial tissues when compared to conventional prostheses or no therapy?, Materials and Methods: This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Electronic searches were conducted at PubMed and Embase databases followed by manual search. Clinical studies comparing the effect of implant-supported prostheses with conventional rehabilitation or no treatment on alveolar bone resorption, remaining teeth, and jaw muscle thickness were considered for inclusion. A qualitative synthesis was conducted with all included studies, and data from selected studies were pooled quantitatively to perform a meta-analysis., Results: A total of 14 studies were selected for analysis. Six studies reported on the effect of implant therapy on alveolar bone resorption (n = 453), six on the remaining teeth (n = 1014), while four studies evaluated masseter muscle thickness (n = 158). The results of the meta-analyses assessing alveolar bone resorption in the posterior mandible and in the anterior area of the maxilla, both fixed and random effects models, yielded no benefit of rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses when compared to conventional prostheses. For masseter bone thickness, however, a significant benefit for implant-supported prosthesis was observed., Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis were unable to unequivocally answer the focus question. There are some indicators of the benefit of implant-supported prostheses over conventional prostheses or no therapy in preserving orofacial tissues, particularly for masseter muscle thickness. However, the evidence is still insufficient to confirm such perception., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Purposes: This aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the factors associated with patient satisfaction in patients with a dental implant-supported single crown or fixed prosthesis., Materials and Methods: One hundred and ninety-six patients with dental implants functioning more than 1 year were provided with a 13-question questionnaire to report their satisfaction regarding the functional aspects, aesthetic outcome, cleansing ability, general satisfaction, treatment cost, and overall satisfaction. Patient satisfaction was reported using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The association of these variables and each aspect of satisfaction were investigated by multivariate linear regression analysis., Results: One hundred forty-four of 196 patients reported high overall satisfaction (VAS > 80%). All aspects of patient satisfaction levels were very high (mean VAS > 80%), except for satisfaction in cleansing ability and treatment cost (mean VAS < 75%). The patients with a history of implant failure had significantly lower satisfaction in the functional aspects, aesthetic outcome, and general satisfaction than patients without implant failure (p ≤ 0.001). The subjects who experienced mechanical complication were less satisfied with treatment cost (p = 0.002). Sinus augmentation negatively affected functional satisfaction compared with individuals without sinus augmentation (p = 0.041). The subjects with a higher income or a posterior implant had significantly higher overall satisfaction (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, restoration by specialists positively affected general satisfaction compared with being restored by post-graduate students (p = 0.01)., Conclusion: Patients restored with a dental implant-supported single crown or fixed prosthesis had very high patient satisfaction. Implant failure, mechanical complication, and sinus augmentation negatively affected patient satisfaction in multiple aspects. In contrast, the factors positively affecting patient satisfaction were a posterior implant, patient's monthly income, and restoration by specialists. These results have to be interpreted with care due to the cross-sectional study design., (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Introduction: The success of implant therapy is strongly related to the perceptions and expectations of the patients., Aim : This study aimed to assess the level of social appearance anxiety and oral health-related quality of life in middle-aged adults with implant-supported fixed prostheses and compare with individuals who have tooth loss without any prosthetic rehabilitation or who have natural teeth., Materials and Methods : The participants (n=292) were divided into three groups: group 1, individuals with implant-supported fixed dental prostheses; group 2, individuals with tooth loss; and group 3, individuals with totally natural teeth. A questionnaire form including basic questions, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was distributed among patients., Results: Group 2 showed a significantly higher level of SAAS and OHIP-14 scores compared with groups 1 and 3 (p<0.001). The SAAS scores were similar between groups 1 and 3, with no significant differences. The median OHIP-14 score was the lowest in group 3. For all groups, education was related to SAAS and OHIP-14 scores (p=0.037 and 0.002, respectively). The SAAS and OHIP-14 scores were significantly and positively related (p<0.001, r=0.501)., Conclusions: It was concluded that patients with tooth loss had higher levels of SAAS and OHIP-14 scores. Besides, the SAAS scores were similar for patients with implant-supported fixed prostheses and those with natural teeth. Middle-aged adults with higher educational levels tended to present better oral health-related quality of life and lower social appearance anxiety., (This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

The periodontal ligament is located between the bone (alveolar bone) and the cementum of the tooth, and it is connected by tough fibers called Sharpey's fibers. To maintain healthy teeth, the foundation supporting the teeth must be healthy. Periodontal diseases, also known as tooth loss, cause the alveolar bone to dissolve. The alveolar bone, similar to the bones in other body parts, is repeatedly resorbed by osteoclasts and renewed by osteogenic cells. This means that an old bone is constantly being resorbed and replaced by a new bone. In periodontal diseases, the alveolar bone around the teeth is absorbed, and as the disease progresses, the alveolar bone shrinks gradually. In most cases, the resorbed alveolar bone does not return to its original form even after periodontal disease is cured. Gum covers the tooth surface so that it matches the shape of the resorbed alveolar bone, exposing more of the tooth surface than before, making the teeth look longer, leaving gaps between the teeth, and in some cases causing teeth to sting. Previously, the only treatment for periodontal diseases was to stop the disease from progressing further before the teeth fell out, and restoration to the original condition was almost impossible. However, a treatment method that can help in the regeneration of the supporting tissues of the teeth destroyed by periodontal diseases and the restoration of the teeth to their original healthy state as much as possible is introduced. Recently, with improvements in implant material properties, implant therapy has become an indispensable treatment method in dentistry and an important prosthetic option. Treatment methods and techniques, which are mainly based on experience, have gradually accumulated scientific evidence, and the number of indications for treatment has increased. The development of bone augmentation methods has contributed remarkably to the expansion of indications, and this has been made possible by various advances in materials science. The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) cell technology for regenerating periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, is expected to be applied in the treatment of diseases, such as tooth loss and periodontitis. This review focuses on the alveolar bone and describes clinical practice, techniques, and the latest basic research.

Modern dentistry now also means digital dentistry. Conventional processes are being replaced by software-controlled procedures, automation, and the combination of different technologies. The goal is to create safe treatment protocols for excellent and reproducible clinical results. Based on a patient case, the present article demonstrates the essential steps of implant therapy, from digital impression and treatment planning to 3D printing of the surgical guide and guided insertion. (Int J Comput Dent 2023;26(1):89-0; doi: 10.3290/j.ijcd.b3818307).

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different implant morphologies and immediate provisionalization options on the change of implant stability., Methods: 94 Patients were randomized to receive implants from Straumann ® BL/Straumann ® BLT/Astra OsseoSpeed ® TX, meanwhile having the same opportunity to receive healing abutment or immediate provisionalization. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) and marginal bone loss (MBL) were recorded at following timepoints. Parametric statistic was used for data analysis., Results: Data showed that ISQ and MBL values of conical/straight/straight with micro-thread neck implants had no significant difference., Discussion: Immediate provisionalization options could move the dip point of ISQ values ahead or delayed around one week, which were also relevant to implant systems. MBL values were proved to be unaffected by both two factors mentioned above., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2023 Qi, Deng and Tan.)

In cases of severely compromised teeth, dental practitioners are confronted with the therapeutic decision of whether to restore a tooth or replace it with an implant. Comparative scientific evidence on patient perception of both treatment approaches is scarce. The subject of this prospective clinical study was to compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between two treatment groups: restoration of severely destroyed teeth after orthodontic extrusion (FOE) versus tooth extraction and implant-supported single crown restoration (ISC). A self-selected trial was performed with 21 patients per group. OHRQoL was assessed with the aid of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G49) at different time intervals: before treatment (T1), after treatment (T2), after restoration (T3) and at recall (T4). Overall, OHIP scores improved from baseline to follow-up for both concepts with no significant differences between groups. There were no significant differences in subscales between FOE and ISC at T1, T3 and T4. In terms of functional limitations ( p = 0.003) and physical disability ( p = 0.021), patients in the FOE group temporarily exhibited lower OHRQoL at T2 in comparison to the ISC group. However, at baseline, after final restoration and at recall, the study demonstrates the same level of OHRQoL for both treatment concepts.

Background Prevalence of tooth loss significantly increases as age advances. The permanent first molar is regarded as the key to proper occlusion and, thus, its loss causes significant deterioration of the functioning of the masticatory apparatus and overall stomatognathic system. It not only affects the occlusal integrity but also the activity of surrounding tissues and muscles. Aim and objectives To evaluate and correlate the maximum bite force (MBF) and electromyography (EMG) activity before and after 24 hours and two months of rehabilitation of the missing permanent first molar with single-implant crowns. Materials and methodology This observational, prospective in-vivo type of study was done on 10 patients receiving dental implants for missing molars. Results There was a significant correlation between bite force and EMG activity post-treatment. Conclusion Dental implant therapy can be very well utilized for the replacement of single missing teeth., Competing Interests: The bite force gauge used in the study was copyrighted. Registration No. L-113663/2022., (Copyright © 2022, Khubchandani et al.)

Introduction The main purpose of the study was to assess and compare bone mineral density (BMD) at prospective implant sites in the mandible in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-diabetic patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methodology A total of 40 patients were included in this type of cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups, A and B, according to their haemoglobin A1c values. Group A consisted of patients with HbA1c between the range of 6.1%-8% and group B had patients with no history of T2DM. CBCT scans were made of the mandibular arches of both the patients to evaluate the BMD at lingual and buccal cortical plates and the trabecular regions in two successive slices with the assistance of PlanMeca Romexis software (PlanMeca Romexis®, Helsinki, Finland). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normality of continuous data. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups. Results There were no differences that were statistically significant between the two cohorts according to the Mann-Whitney U test at buccal cortical plate points 1 and 2. However, the diabetes group's mean bone density at implant sites-A, B, C, D, and E at trabeculae points 1 and 2 was considerably (7p>0.001) lower than the non-diabetic groups. The mean bone density of the diabetes group was marginally but significantly (p=0.009) lower than the non-diabetic group at lingual cortical plates. Conclusion Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus show significantly lower bone mineral density in the lingual cortical plate and trabecular region, however, implant therapy can be performed with certain mentioned guidelines in such regions. In the buccal cortical region, the bone mineral density is seen to be unaffected., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Dahihandekar et al.)

Background: Esthetic complications of dental implants in the esthetic zone can have a major negative impact on patients' quality of life and perception of implant therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of peri-implant soft tissue dehiscence (PSTD) and the clinical and ultrasonographic risk indicators for this condition., Methods: Subjects with ≥1 healthy single dental implants in the esthetic area were identified and recruited. Clinical and ultrasonographic measurements, including PSTD class and subclass, probing depth, keratinized mucosa width (KMW), mucosal thickness (MT) at 1 mm and 3 mm, buccal bone distance (BBD) and buccal bone thickness, were evaluated in healthy implants and implants with PSTD., Results: A total of 153 subjects with a total of 176 dental implants were included. The prevalence of PSTD was 54.2% and 56.8% on a patient and implant level, respectively. The most frequent type of PSTD was the one characterized by having both an implant-supported crown longer than the clinical crown of the homologous tooth and a visible abutment/implant fixture exposed to the oral cavity. The multivariate analysis showed that the presence of an adjacent implant, a longer time of the implant in function, limited MT, reduced KMW, and increased BBD were significantly associated with the presence of PSTD., Conclusions: PSTDs are common findings in the esthetic region. Several risk indicators for this condition, such as presence of an adjacent implant, increased time in function of the implant, higher BBD, lower KMW, and MT were identified., (© 2021 American Academy of Periodontology.)

Background and objectives: The aim was to evaluate the current literature on the influence of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis/Crohn's disease) in dental implant osseointegration in human clinical studies. Materials and methods: This review was conducted under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were electronic screened to find relevant articles published until October 2021. The inclusion criteria consisted of human clinical studies that reported the use of dental implant in patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. Risk of bias was assessed according to The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology criteria. Results: A total of 786 studies were identified from databases. Of these, six studies were included in the review and reported the use of implants in patients with Crohn's disease. No articles were available for ulcerative colitis. Included articles indicated that Crohn's disease may determine early and late implant failure. Besides Crohn's disease, several patients presented associated risk factors and systemic disease that determined implant failure. Conclusions: The presence of clinical studies on the influence of IBD in implant therapy is low. When recommending an implant therapy to IBD patients, the multidisciplinary team should be aware of side effects and a close collaboration between members of this team is necessary. More data are needed to sustain the effect of IBD on implant therapy.

Esthetic complications in implant dentistry have become a significant consideration for patients and practitioners. This review presents an appraisal on the current knowledge of the physiological peri-implant soft-tissue dimensions and factors that may compromise peri-implant tissue esthetics. Factors such as papilla fill adjacent to the implant and midfacial mucosal height are critical parameters that determine the esthetic success of implant-supported restorations. Papilla fill adjacent to a single dental implant appears to depend upon the clinical attachment level of the neighboring tooth. A horizontal inter-implant distance of at least 3 mm is necessary to ensure optimal interproximal mucosal embrasure between two adjacent implants in the anterior maxilla. In cases where implants cannot be placed at least 3 mm apart, a single implant with a cantilever bridge should be considered. Buccolingual implant positioning plays a major role in midfacial mucosal height. Soft-tissue volume grafting following immediate implant placement in the presence of a thin soft-tissue phenotype or simultaneous to surgical peri-implantitis therapy might help to overcome facial mucosa recession., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The use of dental implants is nowadays a well-accepted and highly predictable treatment modality for restoring the dentition and reestablishing the masticatory function of edentulous and partially edentulous patients. Despite the high predictability and excellent long-term survival rates reported for implant therapy, complications may still occur and can jeopardize both short- and long-term success. The present paper provides an overview on the most important aspects related to the etiology, prevention, and management of complications associated with implant therapy. Data from the literature indicate that a number of factors, such as surgical trauma, implant diameter, type of implant-abutment connection, abutment disconnection and reconnection, presence of microgap, and implant malpositioning, can substantially influence the biologic processes of bone remodeling and biofilm formation, thus increasing the rate of short- and long-term hard- and soft-tissue complications. Other factors, such as excess cement at cement-retained prosthetic restorations, abutment mobility, and infections (e.g. peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis) caused by bacterial biofilm, are further causes for complications and failures. More recent evidence also indicates that besides the need for sufficient bone volume surrounding the implant, the presence of an adequate width and thickness of attached mucosa may improve biofilm control and limit crestal bone resorption. Furthermore, emerging evidence points also to the pivotal role of human factors as one of the most important causes of complications in implant dentistry. It can be concluded that clinicians need to consider all biologic and biomechanical factors affecting implant placement and survival, as well as undergo adequate training to improve their surgical skills to control and prevent implant complications. Careful patient selection and control of environmental and systemic factors, such as smoking, diabetes etc., coupled with an accurate surgical and prosthetic planning, enable a better prevention and control of infections., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate and analyze the factors affecting patients' perceptions and satisfaction after receiving implant treatment., Material and Methods: Questionnaires were mailed to 691 patients who had completed implant treatment for at least 6 months. The questionnaire consisted of 23 items, including demographic data, seven items on perceptions, and nine items on satisfaction., Results: Of the returned 382 questionnaires, 188 and 194 were from patients treated by postgraduate students and specialists, respectively. Dentists were the most common main source of implant information (55.8%). Although 90% of the patients felt that they were well informed about implant treatment, some inaccurate perceptions remained: 18% believed that "Dental implants require less care than natural teeth," 35.6% that "Dental implants last longer than natural teeth," and 75% that "Treatment with dental implants has no risks or complications." Approximately 90% of the patients were satisfied with their chewing, phonetics, aesthetic outcome, and dental implant treatment; however, some were dissatisfied with the cost. Although gender, age, educational level, main source of information, implant number, and implant position had some impact on patients' perceptions and satisfaction; monthly income did not. The clinicians' expertise affected patients' perceptions, but not satisfaction., Conclusions: Although most patients had accurate perceptions with regards to implant treatment, some misperceptions about the need for a maintenance care still exist after treatment. Most patients were satisfied with their treatment outcome regardless of monthly income and the clinicians' expertise level., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: The aim of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate the concept of one single implant placed in the edentulous mandible to retain a complete denture with regard to implant survival and prosthodontic maintenance over an observation period of 10 years., Materials and Methods: Eleven edentulous patients were included and received one implant in the midline of the mandible. Five implants healed submerge and were uncovered 2 months later. The other six healed un-submerged and were provided with a healing abutment 4 mm in height thus moderately loaded. All denture bases were temporarily relined during the healing period and two months later provided with a ball attachment for implant retention. Implant related parameters and prosthodontic maintenance interventions were assessed four weeks after implant loading and then annually., Results: Over a mean observation period of 108.9 months (35-136 months), no implant was lost. The most frequent prosthetic maintenance intervention was activation of the matrix due to loss of retention, followed by exchange of the female part. Fracture of the denture base in the attachment area was a frequent complication and occurred in 8 cases. Two denture bases fractured twice., Conclusion: Within the limitations of this prospective pilot study, the concept of a single midline implant to retain a mandibular complete denture is promising over ten years for edentulous patients. Regular recall visits should be scheduled due to frequent maintenance interventions. Further research on this topic with a larger study cohort is needed., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Bone fragility and skeletal irregularities are the characteristic features of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Many patients with OI have weakened maxillary and mandibular bone, leading to poor oral hygiene and subsequent loss of teeth. Improvements in implant therapy have allowed for OI patients to achieve dental restoration. However, there is limited available literature on implant therapy for patients with OI. The greatest challenge in the restoration process for OI patients in an outpatient setting is ensuring primary stability and osseointegration. Improvements in synthetic grafts improve successful implant placement and prevent predisposing patients to unnecessary procedures. This report details the successful restoration process of an OI type I patient's maxillary arch in addition to a review of the currently available literature.

Objective: To assess the impact of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on implant dentistry. The primary focused question was as follows: What are the clinical, histological, and radiographic outcomes of PRF administration for bone regeneration and implant therapy?, Method: A systematic literature search comprised three databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane followed by a hand search of relevant scientific journals. Human studies using PRF for bone regeneration and implant therapy were considered and articles published up to December 31, 2017 were included. Eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) were included., Results: In total, 5,963 titles were identified with the search terms and by hand search. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCT) met the inclusion criteria and were chosen for data extraction. Included studies focused on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction, osseointegration process, soft tissue management, bone augmentation, bone regeneration after sinus floor elevation and surgical peri-implantitis treatment. Overall, the risk of bias was moderate or unclear. Nine studies showed superior outcomes for PRF for any of the evaluated variables, such as ridge dimension, bone regeneration, osseointegration process, soft tissue healing. Three studies failed to show any beneficial effects of PRF. No meta-analysis could be performed due to the heterogeneity of study designs., Conclusions: There is moderate evidence supporting the clinical benefit of PRF on ridge preservation and in the early phase of osseointegration. It remains unclear whether PRF can reduce pain and improve soft tissue healing. More research support is necessary to comment on the role of PRF to improve other implant therapy outcomes., (© 2018 The Authors. Clinical Oral Implants Research Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To assess the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on implant dentistry. The primary focused question was as follows: What are the clinical, histological, and radiographic outcomes of PRP administration for bone regeneration and implant therapy?, Methods: A literature search was conducted involving three databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane database followed by a hand search of relevant scientific journals. Human studies using PRP for bone regeneration and implant therapy were considered and articles published up to December 31, 2017 were included. Eligible studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and quality assessments were conducted., Results: In total, out from the 9,497 titles meeting the original search criteria, 22 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were chosen for data extraction. Among them were 15 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and seven controlled clinical trials (CCT). Overall, the risk of bias was moderate to high. A total of seven studies showed superior outcomes when PRP was added during sinus floor elevation and five showed no superior outcome. Three studies found a significant advantage of PRP for alveolar bone regeneration and another three studies for soft tissue healing. Three studies reported on beneficial effects of PRP directly during implant placement while another study failed to find significant differences. Due to the heterogeneity of study designs, no meta-analysis could be performed., Summary and Conclusions: Despite the lack of consistent evidence supporting the clinical benefit of PRP in healthy patients, PRP might have a positive effect on wound healing and bone regeneration in compromised patients., (© 2018 The Authors. Clinical Oral Implants Research Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: The task of this working group was to update the knowledge about the use of drugs and biologicals affecting healing of soft tissue and bone during implant treatment or procedures associated with it. Moreover, the impact of titanium particles and biocorrosion on complications and implant survival has been analysed., Materials and Methods: The literature in the areas of interest (platelet concentrates, antiresorptive drugs as well as implant-host interaction) was screened using systematic reviews for the former two areas, whereas a narrative critical review was performed for the latter topic. Two manuscripts on platelet concentrates, one manuscript on antiresorptive drugs and one manuscript on the effects of biocorrosion, were presented for group analysis with subsequent discussion in the plenum and final consensus approval., Results: Results and conclusions of the individual reviews of the three topics are presented in the respective papers. Conclusions of the group on strengths and weaknesses of available evidence as well as consensus statements and directions for further research are provided in this study. The following papers were subject to group discussions and formed the basis for the consensus statements: Stähli A, Strauss FJ, Gruber R. () The use of platelet-rich-plasma to enhance the outcomes of implant-related therapies: a systematic review Strauss FJ, Stähli A, Gruber R. (2018) The use of platelet-rich-fibrin to enhance the outcomes of implant-related therapies: a systematic review Mombelli A, Hashim D, Cionca N. () What is the impact of titanium particles and bio-corrosion on implant survival and complications? A critical review Stavropoulos A, Bertl K, Pietschmann P, Pandis N, Morten Schiødt, Klinge B. () The effect of antiresorptive drugs on implant therapy: a systematic review., (© 2018 The Authors. Clinical Oral Implants Research Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

This article analyses published prior article regarding the questions: is the study setup correct (true) and if comparable cases are evaluated for the compared methods. Futhermore the content, the pictures, the tables, the graphs and the pictures legends of the article and statistics are analysed for truth, relevance and applicability. We investigate furthermore if this article addresses all relevant questions regarding bias, the study groups, the evaluation of the outcomes and the evaluation of patient parameters such as burden of the treatment. As a result of the analysis, we state that the analysed article is misleading and it does not provide valuable information regarding decision making for other healthcare professionals in the dental implant field., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases, second only to Alzheimer's disease. It is a progressive disease that inevitably leads the patient to death, in most cases for pneumonia ab ingestis . It affects 120 people out of 100,000 and more frequently affects men than women. The main symptoms are divided into motor, non-motor and behavioral ones. The main motors symptoms are tremor, bradykinesia and postural instability. Non-motor symptoms include autonomic nervous dysfunction (orthostatic hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia, sexual dysfunction, excessive sweating due to hypothalamic dysfunction, constipation), insomnia, OSAS, and olfactory dysfunction. Behavioral symptoms are depression, dementia and psychosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate, through a systematic review of literature, the oral health status of the Parkinson's patient compared with the general population with particular reference to the incidence of caries and periodontal disease, the patient's management during dental interventions and the possibility of rehabilitating the patient with implanted therapy.

Objective: To analyze patients' perception of implant therapy in partial edentulism, after 5 years with implant-supported reconstructions., Material and Methods: Patients who received dental implants at the National Dental Centre, Singapore 3-9 years earlier (mean: 5.2 years) were invited to participate in the study. Responders were examined clinically, and asked to answer a questionnaire with 13 statements., Results: Of the 880 patients, 206 patients, with 329 implants, agreed to participate. Of the implants, 82% supported single crowns, while 18% were reconstructed with splinted crowns or fixed dental prostheses. Function and chewing comfort yielded high patient satisfaction. Comparing chewing comfort for teeth and implants, respectively, 51% perceived no difference between the two. Patients were largely satisfied with the phonetic function and esthetic outcome. Only two in three patients were able to cleanse the implant reconstruction well, and majority of the patients reported no difference comparing the time taken to clean implants and teeth. Patients were generally unsure if the tissues around their implants or teeth bled more. Pertaining to expectations, most patients were satisfied with the treatment, and majority were willing to undergo the same treatment again. Most patients would recommend such treatment to friends, if indicated. Only slightly over one-third of the patients felt certain that the cost of the treatment was justified., Conclusion: The large majority was satisfied with the functional outcomes of implant treatment. However, the patients had a less than ideal understanding of gingival health around teeth and implants. Patients were less discerning than clinicians in the assessment of esthetic outcomes., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: To analyse the effect of leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on bone regeneration procedures and osseointegration., Materials and Methods: An electronic and hand search was conducted in three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane). Only randomized clinical trials, written in English where L-PRF was applied in bone regeneration and implant procedures, were selected. No follow-up restrictions were applied., Results: A total of 14 articles were included and processed. Three subgroups were created depending on the application: sinus floor elevation (SFE), alveolar ridge preservation and implant therapy. In SFE, for a lateral window as well as for the trans-alveolar technique, histologically faster bone healing was reported when L-PRF was added to most common xenografts. L-PRF alone improved the preservation of the alveolar width, resulting in less buccal bone resorption compared to natural healing. In implant therapy, better implant stability over time and less marginal bone loss were observed when L-PRF was applied. Meta-analyses could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the data., Conclusions: Despite the lack of strong evidence found in this systematic review, L-PRF might have a positive effect on bone regeneration and osseointegration., (© 2016 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Acceptable short-term survival rates (>90 %) of mini-implants (diameter < 3.0 mm) are only documented for mandibular overdentures. Sound data for mini-implants as strategic abutments for a better retention of partial removable dental prosthesis (PRDP) are not available., Methods/design: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that immediately loaded mini-implants show more bone loss and less success than strategic mini-implants with delayed loading. In this four-center (one university hospital, three dental practices in Germany), parallel-group, controlled clinical trial, which is cluster randomized on patient level, a total of 80 partially edentulous patients with unfavourable number and distribution of remaining abutment teeth in at least one jaw will receive supplementary min-implants to stabilize their PRDP. The mini-implant are either immediately loaded after implant placement (test group) or delayed after four months (control group). Follow-up of the patients will be performed for 36 months. The primary outcome is the radiographic bone level changes at implants. The secondary outcome is the implant success as a composite variable. Tertiary outcomes include clinical, subjective (quality of life, satisfaction, chewing ability) and dental or technical complications., Discussion: Strategic implants under an existing PRDP are only documented for standard-diameter implants. Mini-implants could be a minimal invasive and low cost solution for this treatment modality., Trial Registration: The trial is registered at Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (German register of clinical trials) under DRKS-ID: DRKS00007589 ( www.germanctr.de ) on January 13(th), 2015.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative properties of a heat treated cross-linked GBR membrane with zinc hydroxyapatite powders in the rat calvarial defect model over a 6-week period., Material and Methods: In vitro physio-chemical characterization involved X-ray diffraction analysis, surface topology by scanning electron microscopy, and zinc release studies in physiological buffers. Bilateral rat calvarial defects were used to compare the Zn-HAp membranes against the commercially available collagen membranes and the unfilled defect group through radiological and histological evaluation., Results: The synthesized Zn-MEM (100 μm thick) showed no zinc ions released in the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) buffer, but zinc was observed under acidic conditions. At 6 weeks, both the micro-CT and histological analyses revealed that the Zn-MEM group yielded significantly greater bone formation with 80 ± 2% of bone filled, as compared with 60 ± 5% in the collagen membrane and 40 ± 2% in the unfilled control group., Conclusion: This study demonstrated the use of heat treatment as an alternative method to cross-linking the Zn-MEM to be applied as a GBR membrane. Its synthesis and production are relatively simple to fabricate, and the membrane had rough surface features on one side, which might be beneficial for cellular activities. In a rat calvarial defect model, it was shown that new bone formation was accelerated in comparison with the collagen membrane and the unfilled defect groups. These results would suggest that Zn-MEM has the potential for further development in dental applications., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: The aim of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate the prosthodontic maintenance as well as the implant outcome of single implant-retained mandibular overdentures over an observation period of 6 years., Methods: Eleven edentulous patients received one single implant in the midline of the mandible. Denture bases were temporarily relined and 2 months later provided with a ball attachment for implant retention. Implant related parameters and prosthodontic maintenance interventions were assessed 4 weeks after implant loading and then once a year., Results: Over a mean observation period of 75.9 months, no implant was lost. The most frequent prosthetic maintenance intervention was activation of the matrix due to loss of retention, followed by exchange of the female part. Eight denture bases had to be repaired after a fracture in the midline area., Conclusions: Within the limitations of this preliminary clinical study, the concept of a single midline implant to retain a mandibular complete denture was a successful treatment option for elderly edentulous patients., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objectives: The authors conducted a study to determine the types, outcomes, risk factors and esthetic assessment of implants and their restorations placed in the general practices of a practice-based research network., Methods: All patients who visited network practices three to five years previously and underwent placement of an implant and restoration within the practice were invited to enroll. Practitioner-investigators (P-Is) recorded the status of the implant and restoration, characteristics of the implant site and restoration, presence of peri-implant pathology and an esthetic assessment by the P-I and patient. The P-Is classified implants as failures if the original implant was missing or had been replaced, the implant was mobile or elicited pain on percussion, there was overt clinical or radiographic evidence of pathology or excessive bone loss (> 0.2 millimeter per year after an initial bone loss of 2 mm). They classified restorations as failures if they had been replaced or if there was abutment or restoration fracture., Results: The authors enrolled 922 implants and patients from 87 practices, with a mean (standard deviation) follow-up of 4.2 (0.6) years. Of the 920 implants for which complete data records were available, 64 (7.0 percent) were classified as failures when excessive bone loss was excluded from the analysis. When excessive bone loss was included, 172 implants (18.7 percent) were classified as failures. According to the results of univariate analysis, a history of severe periodontitis, sites with preexisting inflammation or type IV bone, cases of immediate implant placement and placement in the incisor or canine region were associated with implant failure. According to the results of multivariate analysis, sites with preexisting inflammation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.17; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 1.41-3.34]) or type IV bone (OR = 1.99; 95 percent CI, 1.12-3.55) were associated with a greater risk of implant failure. Of the 908 surviving implants, 20 (2.2 percent) had restorations replaced or judged as needing to be replaced. The majority of P-Is and patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes for both the implant and restoration., Conclusions: These results suggest that implant survival and success rates in general dental practices may be lower than those reported in studies conducted in academic or specialty settings., Practical Implications: The results of this study, generated in the private general practice setting, add to the evidence base to facilitate implant treatment planning.