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Linear and volumetric analysis are the typical methods to measure tumor size. 3D volumetric analysis has risen in popularity; however, this is very time and labor intensive limiting its implementation in clinical practice. This study aims to show that an AI-led approach can shorten the length of time required to conduct 3D volumetric analysis of VS tumors and improve image processing accuracy. From Yale New Haven Hospital and public patient recruitment, 143 MRIs were included in the ground truth dataset. To create the tumor models for the ground truth dataset, an image processing software (Simpleware ScanIP, Synopsys) was used. The helper (DPP V1.0) was trained using proprietary AI- and ML-based algorithms and information. A proof-of-concept AI model achieved a mean DICE score of 0.76 (standard deviation 0.21). After the final testing stage, the model improved to a final mean DICE score of 0.88 (range 0.74-0.93, standard deviation 0.04). Our study has demonstrated an efficient, accurate AI for 3D volumetric analysis of vestibular schwannomas. The use of this AI will enable faster 3D volumetric analysis compared to manual segmentation. Additionally, the overlay function would allow visualization of growth patterns. The tool will be a method of assessing tumor growth and allow clinicians to make more informed decisions., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

Background: Total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is a rare form of Hirschsprung Disease with many surgical techniques. There is limited good quality research to recommend one technique over another. The right colon patch (RCP) pull-through may have physiological benefits over other techniques but it is infrequently reported. This systematic review aims to describe this technique and report its outcomes., Methods: A systematic review was conducted as per PRISMA guidelines using EMBASE and PubMed databases. Papers were included if patients underwent a right colon patch pull-through and had outcomes reported. Outcomes included: mortality, continence, stool frequency and complications. Papers from the same authors that included duplicated patients were excluded., Results: Fifteen papers were included totalling 95 patients. Enterocolitis or difficulty emptying was the commonest complication and was experienced by 43 % of patients. Where reported, 33 % had incontinence or soiling but by the end of the follow-up period 78 % were stooling 3 or fewer times a day. The only mortalities reported were in patients in low-income healthcare settings., Conclusions: Outcomes for the RCP are in line with data for other procedures for TCA. However, the wide variability in surgical techniques, particularly in the length of the patch and type of pull-through, and the small numbers make it difficult to know if outcomes might be improved by RCP. Given the rarity of TCA and multitude of techniques, a national registry would be beneficial to aid our understanding of outcomes., Level of Evidence: II., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None of the authors have anything to declare & there was no funding for this research., (Crown Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction  The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of composite grafts in fingertip amputations in children as well as the contributing factors that may affect outcomes. Methods  Literature search was conducted across six databases in March 2022 to select studies on the use of composite grafts on fingertip amputations in the pediatric population. Results  Twelve articles with 735 composite grafts were identified for review. Most fingertip injuries occurred in the less than 5-year age group and were due to crush type injuries. In studies that reported "complete" graft take as a separate outcome measure, 17.3% of fingertips with this result were observed. In the studies that reported "complete" and "partial" graft take together as an outcome measure, 81.6% of fingertips achieved this outcome. A lower proportion of failed graft take was observed in more distal fingertip amputations. Infection (3.8%) and nail abnormalities (3.4%) were the most common complications following composite grafting. Conclusion  Composite grafting can be considered as a useful method of treatment in this population. Clinicians should be aware of the potential complications following this method of treatment such as infection and nail abnormalities. More proximal fingertip amputations may warrant other surgical interventions (beyond Level II on the modified Ishikawa/Ishikawa classification). Significant heterogeneity was observed within the studies, mainly due to lack of standardization in assessment and reporting of outcomes., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None declared., (Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).)

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on the self-reported perception of physical and mental health, in a cohort of teenagers. To assess the extent to which these effects are perceived as detrimental.Non-directional Hypothesis - the perception of physical and mental health will change over the duration of the eight weeks, due to the effects of the lockdown, as a result of COVID-19., Design: This was a prospective longitudinal study evaluating the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown in the UK over the eight week period, against the political timeline during which the study was conducted (April 08, 2020-June 04, 2020)., Setting: Participants were all in secondary education, ranging from years 10-13 (ages 15-18)., Participants: 55 volunteers have taken part in the study, the group of participants was mixed-sex and of different ethnic groups. Participants were chosen via an opportunity sampling method. All participants stem from a middle to high socioeconomic background. The target demographic of the study was teenagers in secondary education, so participants have been selected from a volunteer sample that is representative of this population., Main Outcome Measures: Physical health and Mental health., Results: Data obtained was synchronised with the political timeline over the eight week period, in order to provide specific interpretations for the findings of the study.Measures of physical health: Sleep with a median length of 8 ​h in comparison to seven before lockdown (SD between 1.236 and 1.835); 70.00% of participants experienced a decline in their physical health; Productivity amongst participants slightly decreased (76.70%-62.90%). The measures of mental health: Length of screen time, with a median length of 6 ​h in comparison to four before lockdown (SD between 1.48 and 3.3 ), however, it remained stagnant over the study period and participants did not experience a further increase; The number of hours spent on social media also increased, with an increasing number of participants spending over 4 ​h on social media; Conflicts increased in their family environment (from 25.60% to 37.10% of participants reporting more conflicts). During virtual school, conflict was at its lowest point (18.40%) and harmony in the family environment was at its highest peak (65.80%). 51.00% of participants relayed a decline in their mental health. A statistically significant correlation was found between exercise and creativity, both of which decreased over the study period (r s  ​= ​0.42 is bigger than the critical value ​= ​0.22 when p  ​= ​0.05)., Conclusions: Despite certain positive effects, the overall impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic has been negative, regarding both physical and mental health, for this cohort of young people., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2021 The Author(s).)