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Objective: To assess the application of analyzing systems and techniques in acupuncture manipulation education that may improve students' acupuncture manipulation skills., Methods: The teacher's acupuncture manipulation (TAM) was recorded in wave, data and video information by the Analyzing System. Students practised, adjusted and corrected their manipulation skills according to the TAM. After finishing the training sessions, the system's grading function evaluated every student's performance., Results: After training, the stability of the students' acupuncture manipulation skills and their achievement were both significantly improved (P < 0.01, P < 0.001)., Conclusion: The Analyzing System benefits for imitating and learning the manipulations of specilists and can improve the education quality.

Objective: To probe into the best parameter of electroacupuncture (EA) for treatment of inflammatory pain in the rat., Methods: One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups, normal control group, model group and 10 EA groups including A1 B1 C1, A1 B1 C2, A1 B2 C1, A1 B2 C2, A2 B1 C1, A2 B1 C2, A2 B2 C1, A2 B2 C2 (A1 : 2 Hz, A2: 100 Hz; B1 : successive wave; B2: intermittent wave; C1: 0.1 mA, C2: 0.2 mA), A3 B3 C1 (4/20 Hz, disperse-dense wave, 0.1 mA) and A3 B3 C2 (4/20 Hz, disperse-dense wave, 0.2 mA). The rats of adjuvant-induced arthritis in all of the EA groups were treated by EA with selected different parameters once every day for 6 days. Pain thresholds and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) content in the local tissue of inflammation were used as indexes to compare analgesic effects of EA of different frequencies, waveforms and currents by orthogonal experiment design and other methods., Results: The optimized parameters of raising the pain threshold was: 100 Hz, 0.1 mA, intermittent wave. EA at 100 Hz was better than 2 Hz for increasing the content of beta-EP in local tissue of inflammation. The analgesic effect of EA at 4/20 Hz, 0.1 mA, disperse-dense wave on the inflammatory pain in the rat was not significant different with that at 100 Hz, 0.1 mA, intermittent wave (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The best parameters are 100 Hz, 0.1 mA and intermittent wave for EA treatment of inflammatory pain in the rat.

Objective: To observe the effects of manual acupuncture (MA) and electroacupuncture (EA) on Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells in rats of acute swimming exercise (ASE) so as to reveal its underlying mechanism in strengthening motor abilities., Methods: Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, MA and EA groups, with 15 cases in each. Rats in MA group and EA group were treated respectively with MA (120-140 twirlings/min, 30-60 s/time every 3-5 min) and EA (500-800 Hz, 0.20-0.25 mA) stimulation of "Dazhui" (GV 14), "Mingmen" (GV 4), "Huantiao" (GB 30) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) for 20 min before ASE. After ASE (120 min), the rats anesthetized with urethane (1 g/kg) were killed for sampling skeletal muscles (quadriceps muscle of thigh) and for detecting Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity with thymol blue chromatometry and chemical chromatometry respectively. Results In comparison with control group, Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells in model group were obviously lower (P < 0.01, 0.05); while compared with model group, both Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum in MA and EA groups increased significantly (P < 0.01). The activity of Ca2+ -ATPase of MA group was evidently higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between MA and EA groups in Ca2+ content and Ca2+ -ATPase activity (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Both MA and EA can increase Ca2+ -ATPase activity and Ca2+ content in sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells in motor fatigue rats, which may contribute to their effects in strengthening motor ability.