1. Toxicological characterisation of a thio-arsenosugar-glycerol in human cells.
- Author
-
Ebert F, Meyer S, Leffers L, Raber G, Francesconi KA, and Schwerdtle T
- Subjects
- Arsenates pharmacokinetics, Biological Availability, Caco-2 Cells, Cell Count, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Size drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glycerol pharmacokinetics, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Monosaccharides pharmacokinetics, Structure-Activity Relationship, Sulfhydryl Compounds pharmacokinetics, Arsenates chemistry, Arsenates toxicity, Glycerol chemistry, Glycerol toxicity, Monosaccharides chemistry, Monosaccharides toxicity, Sulfhydryl Compounds chemistry, Sulfhydryl Compounds toxicity
- Abstract
Arsenosugars are water-soluble arsenic species predominant in marine algae and other seafood including mussels and oysters. They typically occur at levels ranging from 2 to 50mg arsenic/kg dry weight. Most of the arsenosugars contain arsenic as a dimethylarsinoyl group (Me
2 As(O)-), commonly referred to as the oxo forms, but thio analogues have also been identified in marine organisms and as metabolic products of oxo-arsenosugars. So far, no data regarding toxicity and toxicokinetics of thio-arsenosugars are available. This in vitro-based study indicates that thio-dimethylarsenosugar-glycerol exerts neither pronounced cytotoxicity nor genotoxicity even though this arsenical was bioavailable to human hepatic (HepG2) and urothelial (UROtsa) cells. Experiments with the Caco-2 intestinal barrier model mimicking human absorption indicate for the thio-arsenosugar-glycerol higher intestinal bioavailability as compared to the oxo-arsenosugars. Nevertheless, absorption estimates were much lower in comparison to other arsenicals including arsenite and arsenic-containing hydrocarbons. Arsenic speciation in cell lysates revealed that HepG2 cells are able to metabolise the thio-arsenosugar-glycerol to some extent to dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). These first in vitro data cannot fully exclude risks to human health related to the presence of thio-arsenosugars in food., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF