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Purpose: The association between traditional lipid parameters and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been extensively discussed. This study aims to evaluate and compare the lipoprotein combine index (LCI) and traditional lipid parameters [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] to identify NAFLD., Patients and Methods: The analysis included 14,251 participants from the NAfld in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis (NAGALA). Logistic regression models were employed to calculate standardized odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for assessing and comparing the association of LCI and traditional lipid parameters with NAFLD. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) for LCI and traditional lipid parameters in identifying NAFLD., Results: After adjusting for various confounders, we found that LCI was positively associated with NAFLD (OR=2.25, 95% CI 1.92-2.63), and this association was stronger than that of traditional lipid parameters [OR: TC1.23, TG1.73 LDL-C1.10]. Further subgroup analyses revealed that the association of LCI with NAFLD was stronger than other traditional lipid parameters in all subgroups, including men and women, overweight/obese [body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m 2 ] and non-obese (BMI<25 kg/m 2 ), and older (age≥45 years) and younger (age<45 years) participants. Additionally, ROC analysis indicated that LCI (AUC=0.8118) had significantly higher accuracy (All DeLong P <0.05) in identifying NAFLD compared to traditional lipid parameters (AUC: TC0.6309; TG0.7969; LDL-C0.6941); HDL-C0.7587). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of the study findings., Conclusion: This study revealed for the first time a positive correlation between LCI and NAFLD. Compared to traditional lipid parameters, LCI has a higher correlation with NAFLD. Additionally, further ROC analysis demonstrated that LCI had higher accuracy in identifying NAFLD compared to traditional lipid parameters, suggesting that LCI may be a better marker for NAFLD identification than traditional lipid parameters., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2024 Qiu et al.)

In a laboratory environment, in order to test the attitude recognition capability and accuracy of the satellite attitude sensor-the infrared Earth sensor-the infrared Earth simulator is fixed on a five-axis turntable to enable multi-angle testing. In the past, the temperature control system of the Earth simulator was water cooled, which not only affected the working accuracy of the Earth simulator but also affected its size and portability and made it more difficult to use on the turntable. Therefore, we designed a cooling method for the cold plate based on semiconductor cooling technology combined with air cooling, and we designed a fuzzy PID control algorithm to accurately control the temperature according to this cooling method. In this article, we use SOLIWORKS to build the system model for the system and use the ANAYS Workbench to perform temperature analysis of the Earth simulator. The results show that the cold plate temperature can be maintained at 20.089 °C when the hot plate temperature is 85 °C. The overall temperature uniformity of the hot plate is better than ±0.3 °C, which meets the index requirements of the Earth simulator. We found that this cooling method can replace water cooling, giving the simulator the advantage of being miniaturized, and it can be adaptable to the turntable, which can be widely used in various sizes of Earth simulators and in various complex environments and operating conditions.