1. T4 bacteriophage conjugated magnetic particles for E. coli capturing: Influence of bacteriophage loading, temperature and tryptone.
- Author
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Liana AE, Marquis CP, Gunawan C, Gooding JJ, and Amal R
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Bacteriophage T4 chemistry, Computer Simulation, Escherichia coli drug effects, Ferric Compounds chemistry, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Light, Magnetics, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Scattering, Radiation, Silanes chemistry, Static Electricity, Surface Properties, Temperature, Bacteriophage T4 physiology, Escherichia coli virology, Magnetite Nanoparticles chemistry, Peptones chemistry
- Abstract
This work demonstrates the use of bacteriophage conjugated magnetic particles (Fe
3 O4 ) for the rapid capturing and isolation of Escherichia coli. The investigation of T4 bacteriophage adsorption to silane functionalised Fe3 O4 with amine (NH2 ), carboxylic (COOH) and methyl (CH3 ) surface functional groups reveals the domination of net electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions in governing bacteriophage adsorption. The bare Fe3 O4 and Fe3 O4 -NH2 with high T4 loading captured 3-fold more E. coli (∼70% capturing efficiency) compared to the low loading T4 on Fe3 O4 -COOH, suggesting the significance of T4 loading in E. coli capturing efficiency. Importantly, it is further revealed that E. coli capture is highly dependent on the incubation temperature and the presence of tryptone in the media. Effective E. coli capturing only occurs at 37°C in tryptone-containing media with the absence of either conditions resulted in poor bacteria capture. The incubation temperature dictates the capturing ability of Fe3 O4 /T4, whereby T4 and E. coli need to establish an irreversible binding that occurred at 37°C. The presence of tryptophan-rich tryptone in the suspending media was also critical, as shown by a 3-fold increase in E. coli capture efficiency of Fe3 O4 /T4 in tryptone-containing media compared to that in tryptone-free media. This highlights for the first time that successful bacteria capturing requires not only an optimum tailoring of the particle's surface physicochemical properties for favourable bacteriophage loading, but also an in-depth understanding of how factors, such as temperature and solution chemistry influence the subsequent bacteriophage-bacteria interactions., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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