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A series of K 3 Nb 1-x OF 6 :xMn 4+ fluorescent materials were prepared by the cation exchange method. Phase structure, morphology, emission, excitation spectrum and LED packaging of fluorescent materials were tested. The fluorescent material particles are micron-sized (5 μm-20 μm) and have a micro-rod morphology. It has two absorption bands, with the blue light region (∼468 nm) being stronger than the ultraviolet region (∼370 nm). Under the excitation of 468 nm, it shows good narrowband emission in the red light region, mainly with anti-stokes v 6 (∼627 nm), which is caused by the double barrier of the 2 E g → 4 A 2g transition broken by the coupling effect of electron and phonon. The optimum doping concentration was 9.1 %, and as the concentration increased again, the dipole-dipole interaction between Mn 4+ resulted in concentration quenching. When the fluorescent material operates at high temperature (150 ℃), the emission intensity drops to 50.2 % of which at room temperature. At high temperature, the electrons absorb a large amount of heat energy, and the non-radiation transition to 4 A 2g energy level causes the thermal quenching effect. In addition, the sample also showed good water stability, after 1 h of hydrolysis, the luminescence intensity decreased to 85.6 % of the initial value. The use of LED packaging with fluorescent materials and InGaN-YAG:Ce 3+ can effectively reduce the color temperature of LED from 6856 K to 3745 K, and enhance the Color index from 61.5 % to 76.8 %. Which has great potential for development in the fields of plant growth and backlight display technology., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Rotavirus is a major causative agent of diarrhoea in children, infants, and young animals around the world. The associated zoonotic risk necessitates the serious consideration of the complete genetic information of rotavirus. A segmented genome makes rotavirus prone to rearrangement and the formation of a new viral strain. Monitoring the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus is essential for its prevention and control. The quantitative RT-PCR targeting the NSP5 gene was used to detect rotavirus group A (RVA) in pig faecal samples, and two pairs of universal primers and protocols were used for amplifying the G and P genotype. The genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of 11 genes were performed by RT-PCR and a basic bioinformatics method. A unique G4P[6] rotavirus strain, designated S2CF (RVA/Pig-tc/CHN/S2CF/2023/G4P[6]), was identified in one faecal sample from a piglet with severe diarrhoea in Guangdong, China. Whole genome sequencing and analysis suggested that the 11 segments of the S2CF strain showed a unique Wa-like genotype constellation and a typical porcine RVA genomic configuration of G4-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. Notably, 4 of the 11 gene segments (VP4, VP6, VP2, and NSP5) clustered consistently with human-like RVAs, suggesting independent human-to-porcine interspecies transmission. Moreover, a unique 344-nt duplicated sequence was identified for the first time in the untranslated region of NSP5. This study further reveals the genetic diversity and potential inter-species transmission of porcine rotavirus.

The intracellular protozoan Eimeria tenella is responsible for avian coccidiosis which is characterized by host intestinal damage. During developmental cycle, E. tenella undergoes versatile transitional stages such as oocyst, sporozoites, merozoites, and gametocytes. These developmental transitions involve changes in cell shape and cell size requiring cytoskeletal remodeling and changes in membrane proteins, which may require transcriptional and translational regulations as well as post-translational modification of proteins. Palmitoylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) of protein that orchestrates protein targeting, folding, stability, regulated enzymatic activity and even epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Previous research revealed that protein palmitoylation play essential role in Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trichomonas vaginalis, and several Plasmodium parasites. Until now, there is little information on the enzymes related to palmitoylation and role of protein acylation or palmitoylation in E. tenella. Therefore, palmitome of the second-generation merozoite of E. tenella was investigated. We identified a total of 2569 palmitoyl-sites that were assigned to 2145 palmitoyl-peptides belonging to 1561 protein-groups that participated in biological processes including parasite morphology, motility and host cell invasion. In addition, RNA biosynthesis, protein biosynthesis, folding, proteasome-ubiquitin degradation, and enzymes involved in PTMs, carbohydrate metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as vesicle trafficking were identified. The study allowed us to decipher the broad influence of palmitoylation in E. tenella biology, and its potential roles in the pathobiology of E. tenella infection. Raw data are publicly available at iProX with the dataset identifier PXD045061., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Upconversion fluoride phosphors Na 1-x M x Y 1-a-b-c F 4 :Er 3 + a , Tm 3+ b , Yb 3+ c (M = Li + /K + ) have been synthesized by low-temperature combustion method. The optimal doping ratios of ions in the matrix lattice were determined by orthogonal experiments with the control variable method. It was found that when a certain amount of Tm 3+ ions were doped into the lattice of Er 3+ ions, the upconversion fluorescence intensity and red-to-green ratio of the samples were significantly enhanced. When a small amount of Yb 3+ ions was introduced into the Er 3+ -Tm 3  + ions co-doped samples, the upconversion fluorescence intensity of the samples was continued to be enhanced, but the red-to-green ratio was slightly decreased. The mechanism of the influence of the upconversion fluorescence intensity and the red-to-green ratio of the multidoped samples with lanthanide ions was also systematically investigated. Based on the results of orthogonal experiments, the optimal component formulations were determined and alkali metal ions were further introduced. The upconversion fluorescence enhancement mechanism of the samples after the introduction of alkali metal ions was systematically investigated. In this work, the upconversion fluorescence intensity of the prepared samples was significantly enhanced by synergistic sensitization between the ions. In addition, by adjusting the red-to-green ratio of the fluorescence of the samples, a new idea is provided for the preparation of upconversion phosphors with high color purity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

In this study, an efficient non-rare earth Mn 4+ -doped K 3 (NbOF 5 )(HF 2 ) red fluorescent material was synthesized by using the coprecipitation method. Replacing KF with K 2 CO 3 effectively solved the problem that KF was difficult to stir due to its strong water absorption. The sample was composed of rods. The excitation spectra consisted of two strong excitation peaks at 366 nm and 468 nm. The emission spectra consisted of a series of narrow-band emissions between 580 nm and 680 nm. Besides, the luminescence quantum efficiency (QE) reached 84.3% under the excitation of 468 nm. The fluorescent lifetime of K 3 (NbOF 5 )(HF 2 ):Mn 4+ was less than 4 ms, which can achieve fast response display in backlight display applications. The WLED was fabricated with K 3 (NbOF 5 )(HF 2 ):Mn 4+ and commercial YAG:Ce 3+ and the commercial InGaN blue chip. At a 30 mA drive current, the WLED device exhibited excellent luminescence properties. The correlated color temperature (CCT) was 3853 K, the R a was 90.1 and the luminous efficiency was 310.432 lm W -1 . Therefore, K 3 (NbOF 5 )(HF 2 ):Mn 4+ has very broad prospects in WLED lighting and backlight display applications.

In this study, we recombinantly expressed the V protein of the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and evaluated its diagnostic value for PPRV infection using an indirect ELISA (i-ELISA). The optimal concentration of the coated antigen of V protein was 15 ng/well at a serum dilution of 1:400, and the optimal positive threshold value was 0.233. A cross-reactivity assay showed that the V protein-based i-ELISA was specific to PPRV with consistent reproducibility and showed a specificity of 82.6% and a sensitivity of 100% with a virus neutralization test. Using the recombinant V protein as an antigen in ELISA is useful for seroepidemiological studies of PPRV infections.

Exciton harvesting is of paramount importance for quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Direct exciton harvesting by the quantum dots (QDs) emitting layer suffers from poor hole injection due to the low conduction bands and valence bands of QDs, leading to unbalanced electron-hole injection and recombination. To address this issue, here, an exciton sensitizing approach is reported, where excitons form on a phosphorescent-dye-doped layer, which then transfer their energies to adjacent QDs layer for photon emission. Due to the very efficient exciton formation and energy-transfer processes, higher device performance can be achieved. To demonstrate the above strategy, red QLEDs with a phosphorescent dye, iridium (III) bis(2-methyldibenzo-[f,h]quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate), Ir(MDQ) 2 (acac), doped hole-transporting layer are fabricated and studied. At a doping concentration of 10 wt%, the best device achieves record high current efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 37.3 cd A -1 , 41 lm W -1 , and 37%, respectively. Simultaneously, the efficiency roll-off characteristic is greatly improved, in that 35% EQE can be well retained at a high luminance level of 450 000 cd m -2 . Moreover, the devices also exhibit good stability and reproducibility., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

In this study, up-conversion fluoride phosphors NaY 1- x-y - m - n M x F 4 :Er 3+ y ,Ho 3+ m ,Yb 3+ n (M = Lu 3+ /Gd 3+ ) were synthesized by a low-temperature combustion method. The optimal ionic ratios in the matrix lattice were also determined by a controlled variable method. It was confirmed that doping a small amount of Ho 3+ ions and Yb 3+ ions in the Er-doped sample matrix lattice can form a mutual sensitizer and a transient energy capture center to enhance the sample's up-conversion luminescence under excitation at the 1550 nm band, respectively. It was also found that the lanthanide ion introduced can modulate the red-to-green ratio of the up-conversion luminescence of the sample. The phase composition and morphology of phosphors were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The up-conversion luminescence mechanism of Er-Ho-Yb tri-doped samples excited at the 1550 nm band was also investigated. This work presents a novel approach for improving up-conversion luminescence with high color-purity phosphors for display lighting applications when excited at 1550 nm.

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphors are the critical component of phosphor converted NIR light-emitting diode (LED) light sources. However, there are still a lack of NIR phosphors with excellent external quantum efficiency (EQE) and thermal stability. Here, we report a highly efficient broadband NIR phosphor Y 3 Ga 3 MgSiO 12 : Cr 3+ . The optimized phosphor yields an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and an EQE of 79.9 and 33.7%, respectively. The integrated emission intensity still remains at 84.4% of that at room temperature when heated to 423 K. A broadband NIR LED lamp was made by combining as-prepared phosphor and a blue InGaN LED chip, which shows an output power of 89.8 mW with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 17.1% driven at 525 mW input power. Our research provides a promising NIR phosphor with high efficiency broadband for the NIR light source.

Hyalomma tick species are considered the competent vector tick species that carry and transmit Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) to humans and animals. Hyalomma asiaticum is one of the major tick species widespread in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of China. To determine the potential prevalence of H. asiaticum in XUAR, species distribution modeling was performed using MaxEnt algorithm assembled with bioclimatic variables and curated tick presence records. The results indicate that potential habitats of H. asiaticum mainly cover the northern and western XUAR. The suitable habitats included the west rim of the Taklimakan Desert, Turpan Basin, and Junggar Basin. The models show a mean area under the curve of 0.865 ± 0.068 for H. asiaticum based on 10-fold cross-validation. Despite limited tick presence records used in the study, this work describes the potential distribution and the association of important bioclimatic variables that are crucial for the survival of H. asiaticum in many arid areas in XUAR. The model could be helpful in tick distribution study and surveillance of CCHFV in the region., (© American Society of Parasitologists 2022.)

A series of Ca 3-x M x (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu 2+ (M = Sr, Ba) phosphors were prepared via a high-temperature solid-state reaction process. The X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinements were used to verify the incorporations of Eu 2+ into Ca 3-x M x (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu 2+ (M = Sr, Ba). Upon excitation at 365 nm, the Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu 2+ phosphors exhibit a relatively narrow-band blue emission peaking at 415 nm attributed to the electric radiation transitions 4f 6 5d 1 → 4f 7 of Eu 2+ . Moreover, the structural phase transformation and the unusual emission color variation of Ca 3-x M x (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu 2+ (M = Sr, Ba) phosphors via the replacement of cationic M 2+ (Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ ) were reported. Upon excitation at the same wavelength of 365 nm, the emission peaks of Eu 2+ -doped Ca 3-x Sr x (PO4) 2 phosphors red-shifted from 411 to 524 nm with increasing Sr/Ca ratio. The emission thermal stability of M 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu 2+ (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) was comparatively characterized and the difference was related to the specific host structural features. The combination of host composition design may provide a novel strategy to obtain white light and tunable luminescence.

Novel duck reovirus (NDRV), the prototype strain of the species Avian orthoreovirus (ARV), is associated with high mortality in Pekin ducklings. σC is an outer capsid protein encoded by the S1 genome segment of NDRV which mediates attachment to host cells. Our previous studies using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry found that σC coprecipitated with some host proteins including Translocation-associated membrane protein 1 (TRAM1). However, the interaction between σC and TRAM1 has not been further confirmed experimentally. In this study, we utilized coimmunoprecipitation assays, glutathione S-transferase pull-down, and confocal microscopy to confirm the interaction between σC and TRAM1. In addition, knockdown of TRAM1 using siRNA and overexpression of TRAM1 gene were conducted to explore its effect on virus replication. The result showed that TRAM1 silencing benefits while overexpression inhibits viral replication. This study confirms the important role TRAM1 during NDRV infection which can help develop new approaches for NDRV disease prevention and control.

A series of NaCa13/18Mg5/18PO4(NCMPO):A (A = Eu(2+)/Tb(3+)/Mn(2+), Dy(3+)) phosphors have been prepared by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL), cathodoluminescence (CL), decay lifetimes, and PL quantum yields (QYs) were utilized to characterize the phosphors. The pure crystalline phase of as-prepared samples has been demonstrated via XRD measurement and Rietveld refinements. XPS reveals that the Eu(2+)/Tb(3+)/Mn(2+) can be efficiently doped into the crystal lattice. NCMPO:Eu(2+)/Tb(3+)/Mn(2+) phosphors can be effectively excited under UV radiation, which show tunable color from purple-blue to red including white emission based on energy transfer from Eu(2+) to Tb(3+)/Mn(2+) ions. Under low-voltage electron beam bombardment, the NCMPO:A (A = Eu(2+)/Tb(3+)/Mn(2+), Dy(3+)) display their, respectively, characteristic emissions with different colors, and the CL spectrum of NCMPO:0.04Tb(3+) has the comparable intensity to the ZnO:Zn commercial product. In addition, the calculated CIE coordinate of NCMPO:0.04Tb(3+) (0.252, 0.432) is more saturated than it (0.195, 0.417). These results reveal that NCMPO:A (A = Eu(2+)/Tb(3+)/Mn(2+), Dy(3+)) may be potential candidate phosphors for WLEDs and FEDs.