1. Human immune and gut microbial parameters associated with inter-individual variations in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced immunity.
- Author
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Hirota M, Tamai M, Yukawa S, Taira N, Matthews MM, Toma T, Seto Y, Yoshida M, Toguchi S, Miyagi M, Mori T, Tomori H, Tamai O, Kina M, Sakihara E, Yamashiro C, Miyagi M, Tamaki K, Wolf M, Collins MK, Kitano H, and Ishikawa H
- Subjects
- Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, Transcription Factor AP-1, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, Antibodies, Viral, RNA, Messenger genetics, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines induce protective adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in most individuals, but there is wide variation in levels of vaccine-induced antibody and T-cell responses. However, the mechanisms underlying this inter-individual variation remain unclear. Here, using a systems biology approach based on multi-omics analyses of human blood and stool samples, we identified several factors that are associated with COVID-19 vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses. BNT162b2-induced T cell response is positively associated with late monocyte responses and inversely associated with baseline mRNA expression of activation protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors. Interestingly, the gut microbial fucose/rhamnose degradation pathway is positively correlated with mRNA expression of AP-1, as well as a gene encoding an enzyme producing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which promotes AP-1 expression, and inversely correlated with BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses. These results suggest that baseline AP-1 expression, which is affected by commensal microbial activity, is a negative correlate of BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
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