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This research aims to develop bitter taste-masking microcapsules containing azithromycin (AZI) by a simpler and familiar method, fluid-bed coating technology, in comparison with Zithromax ® . Cores of microcapsules, AZI microparticles, were prepared by fluid-bed granulation, then taste-masking polymer was covered on by fluid-bed coating technique. Eudragit L100, Eudragit RL100, and ethyl cellulose in single and combined with Eudragit L100 and Eudragit E100 were used as taste-masking polymers. The obtained microcapsules were characterised by taste-masking ability, in vitro release, SEM, coating thickness, and coating efficiency. Combination of ethyl cellulose and Eudragit E100 (3:1) in coating thickness of 45.13 ± 2.12% w/w prevents AZI release from microcapsules below bitter taste threshold (1.78 ± 1.17 µg/ml). Bioavailability of powders containing AZI microcapsules and pH modulators (50 mg Na 3 PO 4 and 35 mg Mg(OH) 2 ) was not significantly different from the reference product (Zithromax ® , Pfizer, New York, NY) in the rabbit model ( p  > 0.05). These results support the possibility of developing a generic product containing AZI.

This paper examines the presence of herd behavior in the Vietnamese stock market using the cross-sectional absolute deviation (CSAD) method and by applying quantile regression (QR). We detect herd behavior in the Vietnamese stock market from January 2016 to May 2022. Herd behavior is less pronounced for bullish markets, yet more prominent under other market conditions. Importantly, the paper provides insight into the herd phenomenon during COVID-19's fourth wave outbreak in Vietnam. We discover that during the fourth wave outbreak, investors on the Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) do not engage in herding. However, herd behavior does manifest on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) with falling stock prices engendering pessimistic herd selling. Knowledge of this empirical evidence of herd behavior in the Vietnamese stock market should prove useful to investors in determining the intrinsic value of stocks, and to policymakers wishing to enhance the efficiency of the equity market., (© 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Snapping shoulder syndrome could be effectively treated with scapulothoracic arthroscopy. The excision of the scapular superomedial corner is assumed to help lower the recurrence rate. However, the amount of resection is still controversial. Furthermore, we lack a technique to measure if the resected amount was adequate based only on arthroscopy evaluation., Case Study Presentation: We describe a 47-year-old man who suffered from severe snapping shoulder syndrome as a consequence of a deformity of the left superomedial scapular corner. The patient had endoscopic bursectomy and superomedial corner resection. Intraoperative three-dimensional CT scans (3D-CT) were used to evaluate the amount of resection. The patient recovered without incident and resumed his usual activities within 30 days following surgery. At the six-month follow-up, there were no recurrent symptoms., Conclusion: Intraoperative 3D imaging significantly enhances the safety and efficacy of scapulothoracic arthroscopy. This is a novel technique that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously in the literature., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Treatment of elbow bone defects is still a huge challenge in orthopaedic in order to restore the shape and function of the elbow joint. Bone defect reconstruction is very difficult due to biomechanical complexity of the elbow joint and the poor coverage tissue of this area, so mega-prothesis can be considered the most optimal solution in these cases., Case Report: We present two clinical cases of megaprosthesis elbow replacement for treatment of bone defects caused by sequelae of trauma. There is one case of 3 cm bone defect at proximal ulna and one case of 3 cm bone defect at distal humerus. In the 1st case, the elbow joint is fusioned and the second case, the elbow joint is degenerated totally after 3 previous surgery. We performed total elbow replacement with a customized megaprosthesis for them. The Mayo elbow function assessment scale [1] pre-surgery was poor at 50 points. The average age is 35 years old. The mean post-operative follow-up time was 14 months. Range of elbow flexed motion was 135 degrees, both patients were maximally extension, the forearm pronation and supination were 90 and 75 degrees, respectively. The Mayo score is very good with 97,5 points. Both patients were completely satisfied with the postoperative results., Conclusion: Our results show that megaprosthesis elbow replacement is a very effective option for cases large elbow bone defects due to trauma sequelae. However, careful preoperative preparation is required for the best outcome., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)