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Biological membranes containing transmembrane channels play a crucial role in numerous cellular processes, and mimicking of cell membranes has garnered significant interest in various biomedical applications, particularly nanopore sequencing technology, where remarkable progress has been made with nanopore membranes. Considering the fragility of biomimetic membranes formed by artificial lipids and the limited mimicry of those formed by common block copolymers, this study developed a novel amphiphilic polymer by covalently linking hydrophilic heads of phospholipids to the ends of hydrophobic poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) chains. The absence of hydrophilic blocks allowed for good control over the polydispersity of this polymer within a narrow range. The high flexibility of PDMS chains, combined with relatively uniform molecular weights, would confer enhanced stability and robustness to polymeric membranes. Dynamic light scattering measurements and microdroplet formation tests demonstrated good amphipathic properties of these novel polymers when maintaining an appropriate hydrophilic-hydrophobic ratio. Moreover, the high similarity between the hydrophilic heads and natural phospholipids makes this polymer more compatible with biomolecules. A successful protein insertion experiment confirmed both the stability of this polymeric membrane and its compatibility with membrane proteins. As a result, this novel amphiphilic polymer exhibits great potential for biomembrane mimicking and paves a new path for material design in biomedical applications.

The utilization of TiO 2 nanolayers that possess excellent biocompatibility and physical properties in DNA sensing and sequencing remains largely to be explored. To examine their applicability in gene sequencing, a comprehensive study on the interaction of DNA oligonucleotides with TiO 2 nanolayers was performed through adsorption and desorption experiments. TiO 2 nanolayers with 10 nm thickness were fabricated via magnetron sputtering onto a 6-inch silicon wafer. A simple chip block method, validated via quartz crystal microbalance experiments with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), was proposed to study the adsorption behaviors and interaction mechanisms under a variety of critical influencing factors, including DNA concentration, length, and type, adsorption time, pH, and metal ions. It is determined that the adsorption takes 2 h to reach saturation in the MES solution and the adsorption capacity is significantly enhanced by lowering the pH due to the isoelectric point being pH = 6 for TiO 2 . The adsorption percentages of nucleobases are largely similar in the MES solution while following 5T = 5G > 5C > 5A in HEPES buffer for an adsorption duration of 2.5 h. Through pre-adsorption experiments, it is deduced that DNA oligonucleotides are horizontally adsorbed on the nanolayer. This further demonstrates that mono-, di-, and tri-valent metal ions promote the adsorption, whereas Zn 2+ has strong adsorption by inducing DNA condensation. Based on the desorption experiments, it is revealed that electrostatic force dominates the adsorption over van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds. The phosphate group is the main functional group for adsorption, and the adsorption strength increases with the length of the oligonucleotide. This study provides comprehensive data on the adsorption of DNA oligonucleotides onto TiO 2 nanolayers and clarifies the interaction mechanisms therein, which will be valuable for applications of TiO 2 in DNA-related applications.

[ 18 F]-4-(( E )-((( E )-4-(2-(2-(2-Fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)-hydrazono)methyl)- N -methylaniline ([ 18 F] 92 ) is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer previously reported to exhibit high binding affinity to aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ). This study aims to report a fully automated radiosynthesis procedure for [ 18 F] 92 , explore its radioactive distribution in the brains of healthy subjects, and investigate its potential application value in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The fully automated radiosynthesis of [ 18 F] 92 was performed on the AllinOne module. Thirty one participants were recruited for this study. Dynamic [ 18 F] 92 PET imaging was conducted over 0-90 min period to assess time-activity curves (TAC) and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) curves in cognitively normal (CN) subjects. All participants were visually classified as either positive (+) or negative (-). Semiquantitative analyses of [ 18 F] 92 were performed by calculating SUVRs in different regions of interest. Furthermore, the study analyzed the relationships between global SUVR and plasma AD biomarkers, including Aβ 42 , Aβ 40 , P-tau181, and T-tau. The automated radiosynthesis of [ 18 F] 92 was completed within 50 min, yielding a radiochemical purity of greater than 95% and a radiochemical yield of 36 ± 3% (nondecay-corrected). Among the participants, 15 were estimated as Aβ (-) and 16 as Aβ (+). TACs indicated that [ 18 F] 92 rapidly crossed the blood-brain barrier within 10 min, followed by a rapid decrease, which then slowed down in the last 50-90 min. SUVR curves revealed that SUVR values stabilized around 60-70 min after injection and reached an equilibrium between 70 and 90 min, primarily in the cerebral cortex. SUVRs of Aβ (+) participants were significantly higher than those of Aβ (-) individuals within the cerebral cortex. In addition, Aβ 42 and the Aβ 42 /Aβ 40 ratio exhibited negative correlations with global SUVR, while plasma P-tau181 and the P-tau181/T-tau ratio displayed positive correlations with global SUVR. [ 18 F] 92 exhibits excellent pharmacokinetic properties in the human brain and can be synthesized automatically on a large scale. [ 18 F] 92 is a promising and reliable radiotracer for estimating Aβ pathology accumulation, providing valuable assistance in AD diagnosis and guiding clinical trials of therapeutic drugs., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)

Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of deep learning imaging reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm in different image sets derived from carotid dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA) for evaluating cervical intervertebral discs (IVDs) and compare them with those reconstructed using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo (ASiR-V). Forty-two patients who underwent carotid DECTA were included in this retrospective analysis. Three types of image sets (70 keV, water-iodine, and water-calcium) were reconstructed using 50% ASiR-V and DLIR at medium and high levels (DLIR-M and DLIR-H). The diagnostic acceptability and conspicuity of IVDs were assessed using a 5-point scale. Hounsfield Units (HU) and water concentration (WC) values of the IVDs; standard deviation (SD); and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Measurement parameters of the 50% ASIR-V, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H groups were compared. The DLIR-H group showed higher scores for diagnostic acceptability and conspicuity, as well as lower SD values for HU and WC than the ASiR-V and DLIR-M groups for the 70 keV and water-iodine image sets (all p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in scores and SD among the three groups for the water-calcium image set (all p > .005). The water-calcium image set showed better diagnostic accuracy for evaluating IVDs compared to the other image sets. The inter-rater agreement using ASiR-V, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H was good for the 70 keV image set, excellent for the water-iodine and water-calcium image sets. DLIR improved the visualization of IVDs in the 70 keV and water-iodine image sets. However, its improvement on color-coded water-calcium image set was limited., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background & Aims: Our previous study has demonstrated that Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2-interacting protein 1(Terf2ip), played an important role in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. This study is aimed to explore the function and mechanism of Terf2ip in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)., Methods: The expression of Terf2ip was detected in liver tissue samples obtained from patients diagnosed with NASH. Mice NASH models were constructed by fed with high-fat diet (HFD) or methionine/choline deficient diet (MCD) in Terf2ip knockout and wild type (WT) mice. To further investigate the role of Terf2ip in NASH, adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-Terf2ip was administrated to mice., Results: We observed a significant down-regulation of Terf2ip levels in the livers of NASH patients and mice NASH models. Terf2ip deficiency was associated with an exacerbation of hepatic steatosis in mice under HFD or MCD. Additionally, Terf2ip deficiency impaired lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in NASH models. Mechanically, we discovered that Terf2ip bound to the promoter region of Sirt1 to regulate Sirt1/AMPK pathway activation. As a result, Terf2ip deficiency was shown to inhibit lipophagy through the AMPK pathway, while the activation of Sirt1 alleviated steatohepatitis in the livers of mice. Finally, re-expression of Terf2ip in hepatocyes alleviated liver steatosis, inflammation, and restored lipophagy., Conclusions: These results revealed that Terf2ip played a protective role in the progression of NASH through regulating lipophagy and FAO by binding to Sirt1 promoter. Our findings provided a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NASH., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The prediction of binding affinity changes caused by missense mutations can elucidate antigen-antibody interactions. A few accessible structure-based online computational tools have been proposed. However, selecting suitable software for particular research is challenging, especially research on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with antibodies. Therefore, benchmarking of the mutation-diverse SARS-CoV-2 datasets is critical. Here, we collected the datasets including 1216 variants about the changes in binding affinity of antigens from 22 complexes for SARS-CoV-2 S proteins and 22 monoclonal antibodies as well as applied them to evaluate the performance of seven binding affinity prediction tools. The tested tools' Pearson correlations between predicted and measured changes in binding affinity were between -0.158 and 0.657, while accuracy in classification tasks on predicting increasing or decreasing affinity ranged from 0.444 to 0.834. These tools performed relatively better on predicting single mutations, especially at epitope sites, whereas poor performance on extremely decreasing affinity. The tested tools were relatively insensitive to the experimental techniques used to obtain structures of complexes. In summary, we constructed a list of datasets and evaluated a range of structure-based online prediction tools that will explicate relevant processes of antigen-antibody interactions and enhance the computational design of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Introduction: Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs) show fast recovery following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) constituting the major part of peripheral blood in the early phase. Although G-MDSCs mediate immune suppression through multiple mechanisms, they may also promote inflammation under specific conditions., Methods: G-MDSCs were isolated from 82 patients following allo-HSCT within 90 days after allo-HSCT, and their interactions with autologous CD3 + T-cells were examined. T-cell proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry following CFSE staining, while differentiation and interferon-γ secretion were characterized using chemokine receptor profiling and ELISpot assays, respectively. NK cell cytotoxicity was evaluated through co-culture with K562 cells. An aGVHD xenogeneic model in humanized mice was employed to study the in vivo effects of human leukocytes. Furthermore, transcriptional alterations in G-MDSCs were analyzed via RNA sequencing to investigate functional transitions., Results: G-MDSCs promoted inflammation in the early-stage, by facilitating cytokine secretion and proliferation of T cells, as well as their differentiation into pro-inflammatory T helper subsets. At day 28, patients with a higher number of G-MDSCs exhibited an increased risk of developing grades II-IV aGvHD. Besides, adoptive transfer of G-MDSCs from patients at day 28 into humanized mice exacerbated aGvHD. However, at day 90, G-MDSCs led to immunosuppression, characterized by upregulated expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene and interleukin-10 secretion, coupled with the inhibition of T cell proliferation. Furthermore, transcriptional analysis of G-MDSCs at day 28 and day 90 revealed that 1445 genes were differentially expressed. These genes were associated with various pathways, revealing the molecular signatures of early post-transplant differentiation in G-MDSCs. In addition, genes linked to the endoplasmic reticulum stress were upregulated in patients without aGvHD. The acquisition of immunosuppressive function by G-MDSCs may depend on the activation of CXCL2 and DERL1 genes., Conclusion: Our findings revealed the alteration in the immune characteristics of G-MDSCs within the first 90 days post-allo-HSCT. Moreover, the quantity of G-MDSCs at day 28 may serve as a predictive indicator for the development of aGvHD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Ni, Cui, Yang, Ding, Zhao, Hu, Zhan, Kang, Hu, Zhao, Xu, Chen, Liu, Zhao, Zhang, Huang, Li, Yang, Zhang, Zhang, Deng, Yang, Lu and Wang.)

Motivation: Due to the varying delivery methods of mRNA vaccines, codon optimization plays a critical role in vaccine design to improve the stability and expression of proteins in specific tissues. Considering the many-to-one relationship between synonymous codons and amino acids, the number of mRNA sequences encoding the same amino acid sequence could be enormous. Finding stable and highly expressed mRNA sequences from the vast sequence space using in silico methods can generally be viewed as a path-search problem or a machine translation problem. However, current deep learning-based methods inspired by machine translation may have some limitations, such as recurrent neural networks, which have a weak ability to capture the long-term dependencies of codon preferences., Results: We develop a BERT-based architecture that uses the cross-attention mechanism for codon optimization. In CodonBERT, the codon sequence is randomly masked with each codon serving as a key and a value. In the meantime, the amino acid sequence is used as the query. CodonBERT was trained on high-expression transcripts from Human Protein Atlas mixed with different proportions of high codon adaptation index codon sequences. The result showed that CodonBERT can effectively capture the long-term dependencies between codons and amino acids, suggesting that it can be used as a customized training framework for specific optimization targets., Availability and Implementation: CodonBERT is freely available on https://github.com/FPPGroup/CodonBERT., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Abstract: Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease with a high fatality rate once accompanied by cardiogenic shock. The efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in treating MI is controversial. Methods: MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) in adult male rats. Groups were defined as follows: MI group, reperfusion for 90 min after 30 min of LAD occlusion; MI + ECMO group, reperfusion and ECMO were performed for 90 min immediately after 30 min of LAD occlusion; prolonged MI + ECMO group, ECMO was used immediately after 30 min of occlusion with persistent occlusion of the LAD for an additional 30 min, followed by 90 min of reperfusion. The myocardial infarct size and mitochondrial morphology and function data were collected and compared of each group. Results: The ECMO groups had a smaller myocardial infarct size and larger percentage ejection fraction. Compared with the prolonged MI + ECMO group, the immediate reperfusion group had a lower percentage of infarct size (63.28% vs. 17.97% vs. 31.22%, MI vs. MI + ECMO vs. prolonged MI + ECMO). Mitochondria isolated from the ischemic zone showed an intact mitochondrial structure, including fewer voids and broken cristae, and preserved activity of mitochondrial complex II and complex IV in ECMO groups. Conclusions: ECMO support in MI can reduce myocardial injury despite delayed coronary reperfusion., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by the Shock Society.)

Devices of nanopore sequencing can be highly portable and of low cost. Thus, nanopore sequencing is promising in in-field forensic applications. Previous investigations have demonstrated that nanopore sequencing is feasible for genotyping forensic short tandem repeats (STRs) by using sequencers of Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Recently, Qitan Technology launched a new portable nanopore sequencer and became the second supplier in the world. Here, for the first time, we assess the QNome (QNome-3841) for its accuracy in nanopore sequencing of STRs and compare with MinION (MinION Mk1B). We profile 54 STRs of 21 unrelated individuals and 2800M standard DNA. The overall accuracy for diploid STRs and haploid STRs were 53.5% (378 of 706) and 82.7% (134 of 162), respectively, by using QNome. The accuracies were remarkably lower than those of MinION (diploid STRs, 84.5%; haploid, 90.7%), with a similar amount of sequencing data and identical bioinformatics analysis. Although it was not reliable for diploid STRs typing by using QNome, the haploid STRs were consistently correctly typed. The majority of errors (58.8%) in QNome-based STR typing were one-repeat deviations of repeat units in the error from true allele, related with homopolymers in repeats of STRs., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme (BACE1) is a crucial protease in the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, the side effects observed in clinical trials of BACE1 inhibitors, including reduction in brain volume and cognitive worsening, suggest that the exact role of BACE1 in AD pathology is not fully understood. To further investigate this, we examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of BACE1 and its cleaved product sAPPβ that reflects BACE1 activity in the China Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorder Initiative cohort. We found significant correlations between CSF BACE1 or sAPPβ levels and CSF Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, but not with amyloid deposition detected by 18F-Florbetapir PET. Additionally, CSF BACE1 and sAPPβ levels were positively associated with cortical thickness in multiple brain regions, and higher levels of sAPPβ were linked to increased cortical glucose metabolism in frontal and supramarginal areas. Interestingly, individuals with higher baseline levels of CSF BACE1 exhibited slower rates of brain volume reduction and cognitive worsening over time. This suggests that increased levels and activity of BACE1 may not be the determining factor for amyloid deposition, but instead, may be associated with increased neuronal activity and potentially providing protection against neurodegeneration in AD., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical stress and stability of calcaneal fixations with and without bone defect, before and after bone grafting, through a computational approach., Methods: A finite element model of foot-ankle complex was reconstructed, impoverished with a Sanders III calcaneal fracture without bone defect and with moderate and severe bone defects. Plate fixations with and without bone grafting were introduced with walking stance simulated. The stress and fragment displacement of the calcaneus were evaluated., Findings: Moderate and severe defect increased the calcaneus stress by 16.11% and 32.51%, respectively and subsequently decreased by 10.76% and 20.78% after bone grafting. The total displacement was increased by 3.99% and 24.26%, respectively by moderate and severe defect, while that of posterior joint facet displacement was 86.66% and 104.44%. The former was decreased by 25.73% and 35.96% after grafting, while that of the latter was reduced by 88.09% and 84.78% for moderate and severe defect, respectively., Interpretation: Our finite element prediction supported that bone grafting for fixation could enhance the stability and reduce the risk of secondary stress fracture in cases of bone defect in calcaneal fracture., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing Interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To establish an automated, multitask, MRI-based deep learning system for the detailed evaluation of supraspinatus tendon (SST) injuries., Methods: According to arthroscopy findings, 3087 patients were divided into normal, degenerative, and tear groups (groups 0-2). Group 2 was further divided into bursal-side, articular-side, intratendinous, and full-thickness tear groups (groups 2.1-2.4), and external validation was performed with 573 patients. Visual geometry group network 16 (VGG16) was used for preliminary image screening. Then, the rotator cuff multitask learning (RC-MTL) model performed multitask classification (classifiers 1-4). A multistage decision model produced the final output. Model performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calculation of related parameters. McNemar's test was used to compare the differences in the diagnostic effects between radiologists and the model. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the radiologists' reliability. p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance., Results: In the in-group dataset, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of VGG16 was 0.92, and the average AUCs of RC-MTL classifiers 1-4 were 0.99, 0.98, 0.97, and 0.97, respectively. The average AUC of the automated multitask deep learning system for groups 0-2.4 was 0.98 and 0.97 in the in-group and out-group datasets, respectively. The ICCs of the radiologists were 0.97-0.99. The automated multitask deep learning system outperformed the radiologists in classifying groups 0-2.4 in both the in-group and out-group datasets (p < 0.001)., Conclusion: The MRI-based automated multitask deep learning system performed well in diagnosing SST injuries and is comparable to experienced radiologists., Clinical Relevance Statement: Our study established an automated multitask deep learning system to evaluate supraspinatus tendon (SST) injuries and further determine the location of SST tears. The model can potentially improve radiologists' diagnostic efficiency, reduce diagnostic variability, and accurately assess SST injuries., Key Points: • A detailed classification of supraspinatus tendon tears can help clinical decision-making. • Deep learning enables the detailed classification of supraspinatus tendon injuries. • The proposed automated multitask deep learning system is comparable to radiologists., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society of Radiology.)

Projections of spatial biodiversity dynamics under climate warming are often based on models including only climate variables, and when non-climatic factors (e.g. soil) are included, data are often at much coarser spatial resolutions than those experienced by plants. Field studies along elevation gradients permit the gathering of detailed soil data, while still covering a wide climatic gradient. Here, an intensive field survey of four spring forest herbs along an elevation gradient showed that soil properties had substantial impacts on the occurrence/abundance of all species, and that soil effects were more pronounced at higher elevations. For Trillium erectum and Claytonia caroliniana , very infrequent occurrences at high elevation were strongly associated with rare microsites with high pH or nutrients. In a seven-year transplant experiment with T. erectum , we found that individuals grew to much smaller sizes at high than low elevation, suggesting that environmental factors rather than dispersal limitation constrain the species' upper range limit, despite substantial warming in recent decades. Our study demonstrates that soil factors interact strongly with climate to determine plant range limits along climatic gradients. Unsuitable soils for plants at high elevations or latitudes may represent an important constraint on future plant migration and biodiversity change. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.

Nanopore sequencing technology has broad application prospects in forensic medicine due to its small size, portability, fast speed, real-time result analysis capabilities, single-molecule sequencing abilities, and simple operation. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that nanopore sequencing platforms can be used to identify individuals in the field. Through scientific and reasonable design, a nanopore MinION MK1B device and other auxiliary devices are integrated into a portable detection box conducive to individual identification at the accident site. Individual identification of 12 samples could be completed within approximately 24 h by jointly detecting 23 short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Through double-blinded experiments, the genotypes of 49 samples were successfully determined, and the accuracy of the STR genotyping was verified by the gold standard. Specifically, the typing success rate for 1150 genotypes was 95.3%, and the accuracy rate was 86.87%. Although this study focused primarily on demonstrating the feasibility of full-process testing, it can be optimistically predicted that further improvements in bioinformatics workflows and nanopore sequencing technology will help enhance the feasibility of Oxford Nanopore Technologies equipment for real-time individual identification at accident sites., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Objective: To investigate the potential applicability of AI-assisted compressed sensing (ACS) in knee MRI to enhance and optimize the scanning process., Methods: Volunteers and patients with sports-related injuries underwent prospective MRI scans with a range of acceleration techniques. The volunteers were subjected to varied ACS acceleration levels to ascertain the most effective level. Patients underwent scans at the determined optimal 3D-ACS acceleration level, and 3D compressed sensing (CS) and 2D parallel acquisition technology (PAT) scans were performed. The resultant 3D-ACS images underwent 3.5 mm/2.0 mm multiplanar reconstruction (MPR). Experienced radiologists evaluated and compared the quality of images obtained by 3D-ACS-MRI and 3D-CS-MRI, 3.5 mm/2.0 mm MPR and 2D-PAT-MRI, diagnosed diseases, and compared the results with the arthroscopic findings. The diagnostic agreement was evaluated using Cohen's kappa correlation coefficient, and both absolute and relative evaluation methods were utilized for objective assessment., Results: The study involved 15 volunteers and 53 patients. An acceleration factor of 10.69 × was identified as optimal. The quality evaluation showed that 3D-ACS provided poorer bone structure visualization, and improved cartilage visualization and less satisfactory axial images with 3.5 mm/2.0 mm MPR than 2D-PAT. In terms of objective evaluation, the relative evaluation yielded satisfactory results across different groups, while the absolute evaluation revealed significant variances in most features. Nevertheless, high levels of diagnostic agreement (κ: 0.81-0.94) and accuracy (0.83-0.98) were observed across all diagnoses., Conclusion: ACS technology presents significant potential as a replacement for traditional CS in 3D-MRI knee scans, allowing thinner MPRs and markedly faster scans without sacrificing diagnostic accuracy., Clinical Relevance Statement: 3D-ACS-MRI of the knee can be completed in the 160 s with good diagnostic consistency and image quality. 3D-MRI-MPR can replace 2D-MRI and reconstruct images with thinner slices, which helps to optimize the current MRI examination process and shorten scanning time., Key Points: • AI-assisted compressed sensing technology can reduce knee MRI scan time by over 50%. • 3D AI-assisted compressed sensing MRI and related multiplanar reconstruction can replace traditional accelerated MRI and yield thinner 2D multiplanar reconstructions. • Successful application of 3D AI-assisted compressed sensing MRI can help optimize the current knee MRI process., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society of Radiology.)

Objective: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a severe disease that primarily affects the middle-aged population, imposing a significant economic and social burden. Recent research has linked the progression of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) to the composition of the gut microbiota. Steroids and alcohol are considered major contributing factors. However, the relationship between NONFH caused by two etiologies and the microbiota remains unclear. In this study, we examined the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotypes of two groups of patients, and analyzed potential differences in the pathogenic mechanisms from both the microbial and metabolic perspectives., Methods: Utilizing fecal samples from 68 NONFH patients (32 steroid-induced, 36 alcohol-induced), high-throughput 16 S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) metabolomics analyses were conducted. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to the omics data, employing linear discriminant analysis effect size to identify potential biomarkers. Additionally, functional annotation of differential metabolites and associated pathways was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Subsequently, Spearman correlation analysis was employed to assess the potential correlations between differential gut microbiota and metabolites., Results: High-throughput 16 S rDNA sequencing revealed significant gut microbial differences. At the genus level, the alcohol group had higher Lactobacillus and Roseburia, while the steroid group had more Megasphaera and Akkermansia. LC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis indicates significant differences in fecal metabolites between steroid- and alcohol-induced ONFH patients. Alcohol-induced ONFH (AONFH) showed elevated levels of L-Lysine and Oxoglutaric acid, while steroid-induced ONFH(SONFH) had increased Gluconic acid and Phosphoric acid. KEGG annotation revealed 10 pathways with metabolite differences between AONFH and SONFH patients. Correlation analysis revealed the association between differential gut flora and differential metabolites., Conclusions: Our results suggest that hormones and alcohol can induce changes in the gut microbiota, leading to alterations in fecal metabolites. These changes, driven by different pathways, contribute to the progression of the disease. The study opens new research directions for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of hormone- or alcohol-induced NONFH, suggesting that differentiated preventive and therapeutic approaches may be needed for NONFH caused by different triggers., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Our previous studies have discovered that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 and its target microRNA-125b-5p (miR-125b-5p) are implicated in neurological diseases via regulating neuroinflammation and neuronal injury. This study aimed to further explore the relationship between lncRNA MALAT1 and miR-125b-5p, as well as their effect on microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and neural apoptosis in spinal cord injury (SCI). Primary microglia from Sprague Dawley rats were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, microglia were transfected with lncRNA MALAT1 overexpression or knock-down adenovirus-associated virus with or without miR-125b-5p mimic. The culture medium of microglia was incubated with primary neurons. SCI rats were established for in vivo validation. LncRNA MALAT1 expression was reduced by LPS treatment in a dose-dependent manner. LncRNA MALAT1 overexpression suppressed the microglial M1 polarization (decreased iNOS but increased ARG1), neuroinflammation (declined PTGS2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and microglia-induced neural apoptosis (lower TUNEL positive cells and C-caspase3 but higher BCL2) under LPS treatment; its knock-down displayed the opposite trend. Moreover, lncRNA MALAT1 directly bound to and negatively regulated miR-125b-5p. MiR-125b-5p mimic promoted microglial M1 polarization, neuroinflammation, and microglia-induced neural apoptosis following LPS treatment; also, it could attenuate the effect of lncRNA MALAT1. Further in vivo study displayed that lncRNA MALAT1 overexpression elevated the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan motor function score and improved neural injury. Also, in vivo validation indicated a similar effect of lncRNA MALAT1 on microglial polarization and neuroinflammation as in vitro. LncRNA MALAT1 improves SCI recovery via miR-125b-5p mediated microglial M1 polarization, neuroinflammation, and neural apoptosis., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Predicting protein function is crucial for understanding biological life processes, preventing diseases and developing new drug targets. In recent years, methods based on sequence, structure and biological networks for protein function annotation have been extensively researched. Although obtaining a protein in three-dimensional structure through experimental or computational methods enhances the accuracy of function prediction, the sheer volume of proteins sequenced by high-throughput technologies presents a significant challenge. To address this issue, we introduce a deep neural network model DeepSS2GO (Secondary Structure to Gene Ontology). It is a predictor incorporating secondary structure features along with primary sequence and homology information. The algorithm expertly combines the speed of sequence-based information with the accuracy of structure-based features while streamlining the redundant data in primary sequences and bypassing the time-consuming challenges of tertiary structure analysis. The results show that the prediction performance surpasses state-of-the-art algorithms. It has the ability to predict key functions by effectively utilizing secondary structure information, rather than broadly predicting general Gene Ontology terms. Additionally, DeepSS2GO predicts five times faster than advanced algorithms, making it highly applicable to massive sequencing data. The source code and trained models are available at https://github.com/orca233/DeepSS2GO., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Background: Most preschool children are distressed during anesthesia induction. While current pharmacological methods are useful, there is a need for further optimization to an "ideal" standard. Remimazolam is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, and intranasal remimazolam for pre-induction sedation may be promising., Methods: This study included 32 preschool children who underwent short and minor surgery between October 2022 and January 2023. After pretreatment with lidocaine, remimazolam was administered to both nostrils using a mucosal atomizer device. The University of Michigan Sedation Score (UMSS) was assessed for sedation 6, 9, 12, 15, and 20 min after intranasal atomization. We used Dixon's up-and-down method, and probit and isotonic regressions to determine the 50% effective dose (ED 50 ) and 95% effective dose (ED 95 ) of intranasal remimazolam for pre-induction sedation. Results: Twenty-nine pediatric patients were included in the final analysis. The ED 50 and ED 95 of intranasal remimazolam for successful pre-induction sedation, when processed via probit analysis, were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59-0.71) and 0.78 mg/kg (95% CI, 0.72-1.07), respectively. In contrast, when processed by isotonic regression, they were 0.65 (95% CI: 0.58-0.72 mg/kg) and 0.78 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.69-1.08 mg/kg), respectively. At 6 min after intranasal remimazolam treatment, 81.2% (13/16) of "positive" participants were successfully sedated with a UMSS ≧ 1. All the "positive" participants were successfully sedated within 9 min., Conclusion: Intranasal remimazolam is feasible for preschool children with a short onset time. For successful pre-induction sedation, the ED 50 and ED 95 of intranasal remimazolam were 0.65 and 0.78 mg/kg, respectively., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Ni, Jin, Wu, Zhang, Tian, Li and Yuan.)

The genus Rosa is globally popular with well-established applications since it has a high edible and medicinal value. However, relatively limited research has been conducted on the composition and quality of wild Rosa fruits. The present study aimed to compare the properties and chemical components of five wild edible Rosa fruits, Rosa roxburghii , Rosa sterilis , Rosa laevigata , Rosa davurica , and Rosa sericea . The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS approach identified the key metabolites among the five Rosa fruits as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and organic acids. The main differential metabolites among the five fruits are flavonoids (22.29-45.13%), phenolic acids (17-22.27%), and terpenoids (7.7-24%), respectively. In total, 125 compounds served as potential markers for the five Rosa species. Differential metabolic pathways of five Rosa fruits were analyzed using the KEGG approach. Rosa laevigata fruits showed the highest total polysaccharide (TPS) content of 64.48 g/100 g. All the five Rosa extracts effectively decreased the levels of malondialdehyde while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the H 2 O 2 -induced HaCaT cell model, demonstrating high potential for antioxidant development. Our findings suggest that the five studied Rosa fruits exhibit biological activity and edible value worth further exploration.

Aim: As the direct oral anticoagulant most recently approved in China, data pertaining to clinical edoxaban use are still scarce. This study investigated the prevalence of and contemporary trends in edoxaban prescription among Chinese patients as well as factors associated with its inappropriate use in a multicentre registry of patients treated in real-world clinical practice., Methods: This real-world, prospective, multicentre and non-interventional study included 1005 inpatients treated with edoxaban. According to National Medical Products Administration and European Heart Rhythm Association guidelines, edoxaban therapy was determined to be appropriate or inappropriate in each case., Results: The median patient age was 70.0 years (interquartile range 61.0-78.0 years) and 46.3% were women. Overall, 456 (45.4%) patients received inappropriate edoxaban therapy, and common issues included an inappropriately low dosage (183, 18.2%) or wrong drug selection (109, 10.8%), high dosage (73, 7.3%), unreasonable off-label use (49, 4.9%), contraindicated medication combinations (27, 2.7%) and incorrect administration timing (16, 1.6%). Several factors, such as age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.921, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.355-2.723, P < 0.001), weight >60 kg (OR = 2.657, 95%CI 1.970-3.583, P < 0.001), severe renal insufficiency (OR = 1.988, 95% CI 1.043-3.790, P = 0.037), current anaemia (OR = 1.556, 95% CI 1.151-2.102, P = 0.004) and history of bleeding (OR = 2.931, 95% CI 1.605-5.351, P < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of inappropriate edoxaban therapy, whereas factors associated with cardiovascular specialties, such as admission to a cardiovascular department (OR = 0.637, 95% CI 0.464-0.873, P = 0.005), dronedarone use (OR = 0.065, 95% CI 0.026-0.165, P < 0.001) and amiodarone use (OR = 0.365, 95% CI 0.209-0.637, P < 0.001) decreased this risk., Conclusion: In this real-world study, 45.4% of patients received an inappropriate treatment with edoxaban. Multiple clinical characteristics can help identify patients who should receive edoxaban. Further development and implantation of educational activities and management strategies are needed to ensure the correct use of edoxaban., (© 2023 British Pharmacological Society.)

Background: Remote rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty has gradually gained popularity in recent years. This study aimed to determine whether smartphone application-based remote rehabilitation could outperform home-based rehabilitation and outpatient guidance in terms of 12-week outcomes following primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty., Methods: Patients who underwent primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty were recruited and randomly divided into a telerehabilitation group and a control group. A total of 100 patients were examined, with 50 each assigned to the telerehabilitation and control groups. In the telerehabilitation group, a telerehabilitation application was installed on the smartphones of the participants to allow postdischarge guidance. The primary outcomes were knee range of motion (ROM) at 12 weeks postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Knee Society Score, The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5xSST), Single-Leg Stance Test (SLST), satisfaction, rehabilitation costs, complication rate, and 90-day readmission rate. All outcomes were collected at 2, 6, and 12 weeks after surgery., Results: At 12 weeks postoperatively, the telerehabilitation patients significantly outperformed the controls in terms of knee ROM (124 ± 8.7 versus 119 ± 5.5 P = .01), SF-36 (physiological function) (61.5 ± 20.3 versus 45.5 ± 18.1 P = .000), SF-36 (role-physical) (49.3 ± 41.5 versus 27.7 ± 28.9 P = .012), SLST (13.0 ± 9.1 versus 9.1 ± 5.9 P = .026), and 5xSST (17.7 ± 4.3 versus 19.4 ± 3.5 P = .043). No significant differences were found between groups in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, Knee Society Score, rehabilitation costs, 90-day readmission rate, or incidence of adverse events., Conclusion: Our study showed that smartphone app-based remote rehabilitation worked better than home-based rehabilitation with outpatient guidance in terms of short-term results in ROM, SLST, and 5xSST., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) plays important roles in regulating innate immunity. However, the precise role of TSC1 in macrophages in the regulation of oxidative stress response and hepatic inflammation in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) remains unknown. In a mouse model of liver I/R injury, deletion of myeloid-specific TSC1 inhibited AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and decreased NRF2 accumulation, whereas activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway, leading to increased hepatic inflammation. Adoptive transfer of AKT- or MST1-overexpressing macrophages, or Keap1 disruption in myeloid-specific TSC1-knockout mice promoted NRF2 activation but reduced TLR4 activity and mitigated I/R-induced liver inflammation. Mechanistically, TSC1 in macrophages promoted AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and protected NRF2 from Keap1-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, overexpression AKT or MST1 in TSC1-knockout macrophages upregulated NRF2 expression, downregulated TLR4/NF-κB, resulting in reduced inflammatory factors, ROS and inflammatory cytokine-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. Strikingly, TSC1 induction in NRF2-deficient macrophages failed to reverse the TLR4/NF-κB activity and production of pro-inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Macrophage TSC1 promoted the activation of the AKT/MST1 signaling pathway, increased NRF2 levels via reducing Keap1-mediated ubiquitination, and modulated oxidative stress-driven inflammatory responses in liver I/R injury. Our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage TSC1 as a novel regulator of innate immunity and imply the therapeutic potential for the treatment of sterile liver inflammation in transplant recipients. Schematic illustration of macrophage TSC1-mediated AKT/MST1/NRF2 signaling pathway in I/R-triggered liver inflammation. Macrophage TSC1 can be activated in I/R-stressed livers. TSC1 activation promotes phosphorylation of AKT and MST1, which in turn increases NRF2 expression and inhibits ROS production and TLR4/NF-κB activation, resulting in reduced hepatocellular apoptosis in I/R-triggered liver injury., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Anthracyclines remain the cornerstone of numerous chemotherapeutic protocols, with beneficial effects against haematological malignancies and solid tumours. Unfortunately, the clinical usefulness of anthracyclines is compromised by the development of cardiotoxic side effects, leading to dose limitations or treatment discontinuation. There is no absolute linear correlation between the incidence of cardiotoxicity and the threshold dose, suggesting that genetic factors may modify the association between anthracyclines and cardiotoxicity risk. And the majority of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with anthracycline pharmacogenomics were identified in the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters, generating increasing interest in the pharmacogenetic implications of their genetic variations for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC). This review focuses on the influence of SLC and ABC polymorphisms on AIC and highlights the prospects and clinical significance of pharmacogenetics for individualised preventive approaches., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Diffusion magnetic resonsance imaging (dMRI) can potentially predict the postoperative outcome of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM)., Purpose: To explore preoperative dMRI parameters to predict the postoperative outcome of CSM through multifactor correlation analysis., Study Type: Prospective., Population: Post-surgery CSM patients; 102 total, 73 male (52.42 ± 10.60 years old) and 29 female (52.0 ± 11.45 years old)., Field Strength/sequence: 3.0 T/Turbo spin echo T1/T2-weighted, T2*-weighted multiecho gradient echo and dMRI., Assessment: Spinal cord function was evaluated using modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scoring at different time points: preoperative and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperative. Single-factor correlation and t test analyses were conducted based on fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, intracellular volume fraction, isotropic volume fraction, orientation division index, increased signal intensity, compression ratio, age, sex, symptom duration and operation method, and multicollinearity was calculated. The linear quantile mixed model (LQMM) and the linear mixed-effects regression model (LMER) were used for multifactor correlation analysis using the combinations of the above variables., Statistical Tests: Distance correlation, Pearson's correlation, multiscale graph correlation and t tests were used for the single-factor correlation analyses. The variance inflation factor (VIF) was used to calculate multicollinearity. LQMM and LMER were used for multifactor correlation analyses. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: The single-factor correlation between all variables and the postoperative mJOA score was weak (all r < 0.3). The linear relationship was stronger than the nonlinear relationship, and there was no significant multicollinearity (VIF = 1.10-1.94). FA values in the LQMM and LMER models had a significant positive correlation with the mJOA score (r = 5.27-6.04), which was stronger than the other variables., Data Conclusion: The FA value based on dMRI significantly positively correlated with CSM patient postoperative outcomes, helping to predict the surgical outcome and formulate a treatment plan before surgery., Evidence Level: 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2., (© 2023 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)

Background: Early cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is challenging to diagnose and easily missed. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) has the potential to identify early CSM., Methods: Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), a 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to evaluate the potential of dMRI in identifying early CSM and assessing uncompressed segments of CSM patients. CSM patients and volunteers were matched by age and spinal location. The differences in dMRI parameters between groups were assessed by the paired t-test, the multicollinearity of the dMRI parameters was evaluated by the variance inflation factor (VIF), and the value of dMRI parameters in distinguishing controls from CSM patients was determined by logistic regression. The univariate t-test was used to analyse differences between CSM patients and volunteers in adjacent uncompressed areas., Results: In total, 56 CSM patients and 56 control volunteers were included. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences in nine dMRI parameters between groups. Multicollinearity calculated through VIF and combined with logistic regression showed that the orientation division index (ODI) was significantly positively correlated (r = 2.12, p = 0.035), and the anisotropic water fraction (AWF) was significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.98, p = 0.015). The fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF), ODI, and AWF were significantly different in the upper and lower uncompressed areas at all ages., Conclusion: dMRI can noninvasively identify early CSM patients and potentially identify the extent of CSM lesions involving the cervical spinal cord., Critical Relevance Statement: Diffusion MRI (dMRI) can identify early cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and has the potential to help determine the extent of CSM involvement. The application of dMRI can help screen for early CSM and develop clinical surgical and rehabilitation treatment plans., Key Points: • Diffusion MRI can differentiate between normal and early-stage cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients. • Diffusion MRI has the ability to identify the extent of spinal cord involvement in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. • Diffusion MRI enables the early screening of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and helps guide clinical treatment., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: MR arthrography (MRA) is the most accurate method for preoperatively diagnosing superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions, but diagnostic results can vary considerably due to factors such as experience. In this study, deep learning was used to facilitate the preliminary identification of SLAP lesions and compared with radiologists of different seniority., Methods: MRA data from 636 patients were retrospectively collected, and all patients were classified as having/not having SLAP lesions according to shoulder arthroscopy. The SLAP-Net model was built and tested on 514 patients (dataset 1) and independently tested on data from two other MRI devices (122 patients, dataset 2). Manual diagnosis was performed by three radiologists with different seniority levels and compared with SLAP-Net outputs. Model performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve (AUC), etc. McNemar's test was used to compare performance among models and between radiologists' models. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the radiologists' reliability. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: SLAP-Net had AUC = 0.98 and accuracy = 0.96 for classification in dataset 1 and AUC = 0.92 and accuracy = 0.85 in dataset 2. In dataset 1, SLAP-Net had diagnostic performance similar to that of senior radiologists (p = 0.055) but higher than that of early- and mid-career radiologists (p = 0.025 and 0.011). In dataset 2, SLAP-Net had similar diagnostic performance to radiologists of all three seniority levels (p = 0.468, 0.289, and 0.495, respectively)., Conclusions: Deep learning can be used to identify SLAP lesions upon initial MR arthrography examination. SLAP-Net performs comparably to senior radiologists., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Many plant species are predicted to migrate poleward in response to climate change. Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to quantify future suitable habitats, but they often neglect soil properties, despite the importance of soil for plant fitness. As soil properties often change along latitudinal gradients, higher-latitude soils might be more or less suitable than average conditions within the current ranges of species, thereby accelerating or slowing potential poleward migration. In this study, we built three SDMs - one with only climate predictors, one with only soil predictors, and one with both - for each of 1870 plant species in Eastern North America, in order to investigate the relative importance of soil properties in determining plant distributions and poleward shifts under climate change. While climate variables were the most important predictors, soil properties also had a substantial influence on continental-scale plant distributions. Under future climate scenarios, models including soil predicted much smaller northward shifts in distributions than climate-only models (c. 40% reduction). Our findings strongly suggest that high-latitude soils are likely to impede ongoing plant migration, and they highlight the necessity of incorporating soil properties into models and predictions for plant distributions and migration under environmental change., (© 2023 The Authors New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation.)

Cognitive reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy involving prefrontal cortex (PFC) control of the amygdala. Its aberrant functioning is closely associated with panic disorder (PD). However, the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between the PFC, implicated in cognitive reappraisal, and the amygdala in PD has not been studied. Thus, this study aims to investigate the rsFC patterns and their association with cognitive reappraisal and PD. This study involved 51 participants, including 26 untreated patients with PD and 25 healthy controls (HC). We evaluated the habit of cognitive reappraisal assessment and the severity of PD using neuropsychological and clinical measures. Resting-state fMRI was utilized to evaluate the rsFC pattern between the PFC, engaged in cognitive reappraisal, and the amygdala. Mediation analysis was performed to explore the role of this rsFC in the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and PD severity. PD patients showed reduced rsFC between the PFC and the amygdala compared to HC. This weakened rsFC was associated with the severity of PD symptoms. Moreover, cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated with PD severity, and mediation analysis indicated that the rsFC of the PFC-amygdala played a mediating role in this association. Abnormal PFC-amygdala rsFC may play a pivotal role in PD development and/or manifestation and mediate the association between cognitive reappraisal and PD severity, potentially serving as a clinical indicator for monitoring and intervention., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) exhibits a notable degree of heterogeneity as compared to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). The proteins and pathways contributing to the pathophysiology of EOAD still need to be completed and elucidated., Objective: Using correlation network analysis and machine learning to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics data to identify potential biomarkers and pathways associated with EOAD., Methods: We employed mass spectrometry to conduct CSF proteomic analysis using the data-independent acquisition method in a Chinese cohort of 139 CSF samples, including 40 individuals with normal cognition (CN), 61 patients with EOAD, and 38 patients with LOAD. Correlation network analysis of differentially expressed proteins was performed to identify EOAD-associated pathways. Machine learning assisted in identifying crucial proteins differentiating EOAD. We validated the results in an Western cohort and examined the proteins expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in additional 9 EOAD, 9 LOAD, and 9 CN samples from our cohort., Results: We quantified 2,168 CSF proteins. Following adjustment for age and sex, EOAD exhibited a significantly greater number of differentially expressed proteins than LOAD compared to CN. Additionally, our data indicates that EOAD may exhibit more pronounced synaptic dysfunction than LOAD. Three potential biomarkers for EOAD were identified: SH3BGRL3, LRP8, and LY6 H, of which SH3BGRL3 also accurately classified EOAD in the Western cohort. LY6 H reduction was confirmed via ELISA, which was consistent with our proteomic results., Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive profile of the CSF proteome in EOAD and identifies three potential EOAD biomarker proteins.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation/infection at admission and acquisition among patients admitted to the intensive care unit., Research Methodology/design: A prospective and multicentre study., Setting: This study was conducted in 24 intensive care units in Anhui, China., Main Outcome Measures: Demographic and clinical data were collected, and rectal carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation was detected by active screening. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyse factors associated with colonisation/infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at admission and acquisition during the intensive care unit stay., Results: There were 1133 intensive care unit patients included in this study. In total, 5.9% of patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation/infection at admission, and of which 56.7% were colonisations. Besides, 8.5% of patients acquired carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation/infection during the intensive care stay, and of which 67.6% were colonisations. At admission, transfer from another hospital, admission to an intensive care unit within one year, colonisation/infection/epidemiological link with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales within one year, and exposure to any antibiotics within three months were risk factors for colonisation/infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. During the intensive care stay, renal disease, an epidemiological link with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, exposure to carbapenems and beta-lactams/beta-lactamase inhibitors, and intensive care stay of three weeks or longer were associated with acquisition., Conclusion: The prevalence of colonisation/infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in intensive care units is of great concern and should be monitored systematically. Particularly for the 8.5% prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales acquisition during the intensive care stay needs enhanced infection prevention and control measures in these setting. Surveillance of colonisation/infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at admission and during the patient's stay represents an early identification tool to prevent further transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales., Implications for Clinical Practice: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonization screening at admission and during the patient's stay is an important tool to control carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales spread in intensive care units., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Autologous fat has the advantages of regeneration, rejuvenation, homology, and support. There are currently no reports indicating that injecting autologous fat enhances the fullness of the lower-lid pretarsal roll., Objectives: In this retrospective, non-randomized study, the effects of injecting autologous fat to cosmetically enlarge the lower-lid pretarsal roll were evaluated by comparison of preoperative and postoperative photographs and patient satisfaction during the follow-up., Methods: First, fat tissues were manually sucked with a 20-ml syringe connected to a 2.5-mm three-hole liposuction cannula. The treated fat tissues were transferred to a 10-ml syringe and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 2 min, and then the fibrous tissues were manually removed. Finally, autologous fat was injected using a 1-ml syringe linked to a sharp needle., Results: Forty-seven patients who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Only three patients showed obvious asymmetry or uneven outlines after surgery and underwent a second fat injection. During recovery, bruising and minor contouring irregularities obviously improved after 1 or 2 weeks. Eight patients, who had severe bruising, were able to make a full recovery in more than 2 weeks. No patients experienced serious complications. All patients ultimately displayed pretarsal fullness in their lower eyelids and were satisfied with their outcomes., Conclusion: The effects of injecting autologous fat to cosmetically enlarge the lower-lid pretarsal roll are long-lasting, esthetic, and safe., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors received financial support or have any financial interest related to this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purposes: To develop a deep learning (DL) model to measure the sagittal Cobb angle of the cervical spine on computed tomography (CT)., Materials and Methods: Two VB-Net-based DL models for cervical vertebra segmentation and key-point detection were developed. Four-points and line-fitting methods were used to calculate the sagittal Cobb angle automatically. The average value of the sagittal Cobb angle was manually measured by two doctors as the reference standard. The percentage of correct key points (PCK), matched samples t test, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson correlation coefficient, mean absolute error (MAE), and Bland‒Altman plots were used to evaluate the performance of the DL model and the robustness and generalization of the model on the external test set., Results: A total of 991 patients were included in the internal data set, and 112 patients were included in the external data set. The PCK of the DL model ranged from 78 to 100% in the test set. The four-points method, line-fitting method, and reference standard measured sagittal Cobb angles were - 1.10 ± 18.29°, 0.30 ± 13.36°, and 0.50 ± 12.83° in the internal test set and 4.55 ± 20.01°, 3.66 ± 18.55°, and 1.83 ± 12.02° in the external test set, respectively. The sagittal Cobb angle calculated by the four-points method and the line-fitting method maintained high consistency with the reference standard (internal test set: ICC = 0.75 and 0.97; r = 0.64 and 0.94; MAE = 5.42° and 3.23°, respectively; external test set: ICC = 0.74 and 0.80, r = 0.66 and 0.974, MAE = 5.25° and 4.68°, respectively)., Conclusions: The DL model can accurately measure the sagittal Cobb angle of the cervical spine on CT. The line-fitting method shows a higher consistency with the doctors and a minor average absolute error., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Introduction: Nowadays, invasive prostate biopsy is the standard diagnostic test for patients with suspected prostate cancer (PCa). However, it has some shortcomings such as perioperative complications, economic and psychological burden on patients, and some patients may undergo repeated prostate biopsy. In this study protocol, our aim is to provide a non-invasive diagnostic strategy we call the 'prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) combined model' for the diagnosis of PCa. If patients are diagnosed with PCa using PSMA combined model, we want to prove these patients can receive radical prostatectomy directly without prior prostate biopsies., Methods: The SNOTOB trial adopts a prospective, single-centre, single-arm, open-label study design. The PSMA combined model consists of a diagnostic model based on what we previously reported and 18 F-PSMA-1007 positron emission tomography/CT ( 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT) examinations in series. First, patients use the diagnostic model (online address: https://ustcprostatecancerprediction.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/) to calculate the risk probability of clinically significant PCa (csPCa). When the risk probability of csPCa is equal or greater than 0.60, 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT will be applied for further diagnosis. If patients are still considered as csPCa after 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examinations, we define this condition as positive results of PSMA combined model. Subsequently, we will recommend these patients to accept radical prostatectomy without prostate biopsy directly. Finally, the diagnostic performance of PSMA combined model will be verified with the pathological results. Totally, 57 patients need to be enrolled in this clinical trial., Ethics and Dissemination: This study was approved by the ethics committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (No. 2022KY-142). The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and reported at academic conferences., Trial Registration Number: NCT05587192., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: Diagnosing anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) injuries differs among radiologists. Further assessment of ATFL tears is valuable for clinical decision-making., Purpose: To establish a deep learning method for classifying ATFL injuries based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)., Study Type: Retrospective., Population: One thousand seventy-three patients from a single center with ankle MRI within 1 month of reference standard arthroscopy (in-group dataset), were divided into training, validation, and test sets in a ratio of 8:1:1. Additionally, 167 patients from another center were used as an independent out-group dataset., Field Strength/sequence: Fat-saturation proton density-weighted fast spin-echo sequence at 1.5/3.0 T., Assessment: Patients were divided into normal, strain and degeneration, partial tear and complete tear groups (groups 0-3). The complete tear group was divided into five sub-groups by location and the potential avulsion fracture (groups 3.1-3.5). All images were input into AlexNet, VGG11, Small-Sample-Attention Net (SSA-Net), and SSA-Net + Weight Loss for classification. The results were compared with four radiologists with 5-30 years of experience., Statistical Tests: Model performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and so on. McNemar's test was used to compare performance among the different models, and between the radiologists and models. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the reliability of the radiologists. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: The average AUC of AlexNet, VGG11, SAA-Net, and SSA-Net + Weight Loss was 0.95, 0.99, 0.99, 0.99 in groups 0-3 and 0.96, 0.99, 0.99, 0.99 in groups 3.1-3.5. The effect of SSA-Net + Weight Loss was similar to SSA-Net but better than AlexNet and VGG11. In the out-group test set, the AUC of SSA-Net + Weight Loss ranged from 0.89 to 0.99. The ICC of radiologists was 0.97-1.00. The effect of SSA-Net + Weight Loss was better than each radiologist in the in-group and out-group test sets., Data Conclusion: Deep learning has potential to be used for classifying ATFL injuries. SSA-Net + Weight Loss has a better diagnostic effect than radiologists with different experience levels., Level of Evidence: 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2., (© 2023 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)

Introduction: Prematurity is due to a number of factors, especially genetics. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led patient-centered medication therapy management trial on iron deficiency and medication adherence among premature infants receiving iron supplementation at a tertiary hospital in Shaoxing, China., Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, eighty-one premature infants, with or without genetic factors, born at 26 to 30 weeks and 6 days gestational age, will be recruited and randomised to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive a pharmacist-driven discharge counseling on iron supplements from recruitment, until 12 months. The control group will receive care as usual. The main outcomes were haemoglobin (g/L), serum iron (μg/L), medication adherence estimation and differentiation scale, the satisfaction with information about medicines scale, beliefs about medicines questionnaire and the Bayley scales for infant development., Results: A total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study. After intervention, results for the haemoglobin and serum iron differed significantly between the control group and the intervention group (101.36 vs. 113.55, P < 0.0001 and 51.13 vs. 101.36, P = 0.004). Additionally, there was a substantial difference between the intervention group and the control group in terms of patient medication adherence estimation and differentiation scale (27 vs. 34, P = 0.0002). the intervention group had better mental development index and psychomotor development index, compared with the control group (91.03 vs. 87.29, P = 0.035 and 95.05 vs. 90.00, P = 0.022)., Discussion: In premature infants with iron deficiency, our pharmacist-led team significantly improved clinical outcomes and medication adherence., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Yu, Ni, Li, Xu and Wang.)

Premise: The ever-increasing temperatures of the Anthropocene may facilitate plant invasions. To date, studies of temperature effects on alien plants have mainly focused on aboveground plant traits but ignored belowground traits, which may confound predictions of plant invasion risks., Methods: The temperature effects on the root growth dynamics of two alien shrubs, invasive Mimosa sepiaria and naturalized Corchorus capsulari, were studied using a 3D, transparent growth system under five temperature treatments (day/night: 18°C/13°C to 34°C/29°C) that cover the present and future warming temperature scenarios in China. We measured root depth and width growth in response to temperature treatments over 84 days. We also investigated intra- and interspecific competition of paired plants of the two species grown together at the five temperatures., Results: Shoot growth of M. sepiaria and C. capsularis was optimal at the mid-range temperature. Root growth, however, was faster at the highest temperature (34°C/29°C) for M. sepiaria, but decreased for C. capsularis as temperatures increased. Root depth growth was more sensitive than root width for both species during neighbor competition. Compared to C. capsularis, M. sepiaria had relatively greater advantage during intra- and interspecific competition with increasing temperature, possibly because of its better root growth at high temperatures., Conclusions: These results suggest that temperature increases can improve the performance of some alien plants by facilitating width and depth growth of their roots. This enhancement requires serious attention when managing and predicting invasion risk., (© 2023 Botanical Society of America.)

Long noncoding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (lnc-NEAT1) is closely implicated in neurological diseases, while its implication in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rarely reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lnc-NEAT1 knockdown on neuron injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress in AD, as well as its interaction with downstream targets and pathways. APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice were injected with negative control or lnc-NEAT1 interference lentivirus. Besides, AD cellular model was constructed by amyloid β treatment in mice primary neuron cells; then, knockdown of lnc-NEAT1 and microRNA-193a was performed alone or in combination. In vivo experiments revealed that Lnc-NEAT1 knockdown improved cognition in AD mice reflected by Morrison water maze and Y-maze assays. Besides, lnc-NEAT1 knockdown reduced injury and apoptosis, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels, repressed oxidative stress level, and activated adenosine cyclophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) pathways in hippocampi of AD mice. Notably, lnc-NEAT1 down-regulated microRNA-193a both in vitro and in vivo and acted as a decoy of microRNA-193a. In vitro experiments showed that lnc-NEAT1 knockdown decreased apoptosis and oxidative stress, improved cell viability, also activated CREB/BDNF and NRF2/NQO1 pathways in AD cellular model. Meanwhile, microRNA-193a knockdown showed the opposite effects, which also attenuated lnc-NEAT1 knockdown-mediated reduction in injury, oxidative stress, and CREB/BDNF and NRF2/NQO1 pathways of AD cellular model. In conclusion, lnc-NEAT1 knockdown reduces neuron injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress through activating microRNA-193a mediated CREB/BDNF and NRF2/NQO1 pathways in AD., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Radioisotope-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET tracers have gained popularity in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to improve the affinity and tumor-targeting capabilities of new PSMA tracers by increasing the number of pharmacophores that specifically bind to PSMA. Using biphenyl as a core scaffold, we investigated the relationship among spacer segments, affinity, and pharmacokinetic properties. In preclinical PET studies on mice with 22Rv1 tumors, compared with [ 68 Ga]Ga- PSMA-11 (SUV max = 3.37), [ 68 Ga]Ga- PSMA-D5 ( K i = 0.15) showed higher tumor uptake (SUV max = 3.51) and lower renal uptake (T/K = 1.84). In the first-in-human study, [ 68 Ga]Ga- PSMA-D5 effectively detected small PCa-associated lesions and distant metastases. The advantages of [ 68 Ga]Ga- PSMA-D5 include high tumor uptake, straightforward synthesis, and labeling, making it a promising PSMA PET tracer. Furthermore, [ 68 Ga]Ga- PSMA-D5 contains a DOTA chelator, allowing convenient labeling with therapeutic radionuclides such as 177 Lu and 225 Ac, providing the potential for targeted radioligand therapy in PCa.

The six species of lungfish possess both lungs and gills and are the closest extant relatives of tetrapods. Here, we report a single-cell transcriptome atlas of the West African lungfish (Protopterus annectens). This species manifests the most extreme form of terrestrialization, a life history strategy to survive dry periods that can last for years, characterized by dormancy and reversible adaptive changes of the gills and lungs. Our atlas highlights the cell type diversity of the West African lungfish, including gene expression consistent with phenotype changes of terrestrialization. Comparison with terrestrial tetrapods and ray-finned fishes reveals broad homology between the swim bladder and lung cell types as well as shared and idiosyncratic changes of the external gills of the West African lungfish and the internal gills of Atlantic salmon. The single-cell atlas presented here provides a valuable resource for further exploration of the respiratory system evolution in vertebrates and the diversity of lungfish terrestrialization., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for a variety of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a major public health issue owing to the rapid global spread of extensively-drug resistant (XDR) and hypervirulent strains. Biofilm formation is an important virulence trait of K. pneumoniae . A biofilm is an aggregate of microorganisms attached to an inert or living surface by a self-produced exo-polymeric matrix that includes proteins, polysaccharides and extracellular DNA. Bacteria within the biofilm are shielded from antibiotics treatments and host immune responses, making it more difficult to eradicate K. pneumoniae -induced infection. However, the detailed mechanisms of biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae are still not clear. Here, we review the factors involved in the biofilm formation of K. pneumoniae , which might provide new clues to address this clinical challenge., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Li and Ni.)

Objective: To investigate the automatic synthesis of β-amyloid (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent (E) -4- (2- (6- (2- (2- 18 F fluoroethoxy) ethoxy) ethoxy) pyridine-3-yl) vinyl) - N-methylaniline ( 18 F-AV-45) for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its clinical application in AD patients., Materials and Methods: Fluorine-18-AV-45 was synthesized with AV-105 as the precursor, and the factors affecting the synthesis efficiency, such as the amount of precursor, nucleophilic reaction temperature were studied. At the same time, 18 F-AV-45 PET/computed tomography (CT) brain scanning was performed in 15 patients with dementia to determine whether AD was the cause of the dementia., Results: After optimizing the parameters, it was discovered that the highest synthesis efficiency was achieved with a AV-105 dosage of 2mg, a reaction temperature of 130 o C, and 1mL of DMSO. The radiochemical yield (RCP) was greater than 98, and the uncorrected synthesis efficiency was about 31.0%±2.8%. Ten of the 15 patients with dementia showed positive Aβ protein deposition, and the main deposition site of the imaging agent was the gray matter area of the brain, which was consistent with AD diagnosis, while the other 5 patients showed negative Aβ protein deposition, suggesting non-AD dementia., Conclusion: β-amyloid protein 18 F-AV-45 imaging agent can be easily and quickly prepared by the All in One radiochemical synthesis module. Our preliminary results offer hope that it can effectively detect β-amyloid deposition in the brain of AD patients in order to determine the etiology of dementia.

Karst forests are habitats in which access to soil water can be challenging for plants. Therefore, safe and efficient xylem water transport and large internal water storage may benefit tree growth. In this study, we selected 22 tree species from a primary subtropical karst forest in southern China and measured their xylem anatomical traits, saturated water content (SWC), hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and embolism resistance (P50). Additionally, we monitored growth of diameter at breast height (DBH) in 440 individual trees of various sizes over three consecutive years. Our objective was to analyze the relationships between xylem structure, hydraulic efficiency, safety, water storage and growth of karst tree species. The results showed significant differences in structure but not in hydraulic traits between deciduous and evergreen species. Larger vessel diameter, paratracheal parenchyma and higher SWC were correlated with higher Ks. Embolism resistance was not correlated with the studied anatomical traits, and no tradeoff with Ks was observed. In small trees (5-15 cm DBH), diameter growth rate (DGR) was independent of hydraulic traits. In large trees (>15 cm DBH), higher Ks and more negative P50 accounted for higher DGR. From lower to greater embolism resistance, the size-growth relationship shifted from growth deceleration to acceleration with increasing tree size in eight of the 22 species. Our study highlights the vital contributions of xylem hydraulic efficiency and safety to growth rate and dynamics in karst tree species; therefore, we strongly recommend their integration into trait-based forest dynamic models., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

To explore how the thickness of the femoral lateral wall influences the effectiveness of internal fixation systems used to treat intertrochanteric fractures. CT images of the pelvis and femur of a male adult were used to construct an intertrochanteric fracture model (AO/OTA 31-A2) with various thicknesses of the femoral lateral wall (FLW). Four finite element (FE) models were created with the lateral femoral walls being 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, and 40 mm thick. The fracture models were fixed with a dynamic hip screw (DHS), a proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA), and a proximal femoral locking compression plate (P-FLCP). A simulated vertical load was applied to the femoral head. The stress and displacement of the implant and femur in each model were recorded for comparison. The FE analysis of the intertrochanteric fracture models showed that the PFNA system could provide better stability than the DHS and P-FLCP with the same thickness of FLW. The FLW provided buttress support to the femoral head and neck when using a DHS and PFNA, and the buttress strength was proportional to the thickness of FLW. The maximum stress in the DHS model was recorded on the DHS plate which accommodated the lag screw. For the PFNA model, the maximum stress appeared at the connection between the nail and blade. In the P-FLCP model, the maximum stresses were highly concentrated at the connection between the cephalic nails and the proximal plate. The thickness of the femoral lateral wall should be considered an important factor when selecting a suitable internal fixation system for intertrochanteric fractures. Based on the FE analysis, intramedullary fixation, such as PFNA, experiences lower stress levels and a moderate displacement in comparison to DHS and P-FCLP when used to treat intertrochanteric fractures., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)

In the face of an increasingly complex competitive environment, a company's ability to innovate is the key to a gaining sustainable competitive advantage. As the cornerstone of an organization's survival and development, employee innovative behavior is key to enhancing an organization's innovative capability. Based on a conservation of resources, this study investigates the mechanism of the role of superior-subordinate guanxi on employees' innovative behavior from both emotional and cognitive perspectives. Through the analysis of 305 full-time employees' research data, the results show that superior-subordinate guanxi can promote employees' innovative behavior by stimulating their work passion and reducing their dependence on superiors. Our research provides certain theoretical guidance and policy recommendations for enterprises to improve the innovation ability of employees by revealing the internal mechanism of superior-subordinate guanxi affecting the innovation behavior of employees.

Background: There are limited long-term results of using ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings in total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a large number of patient cohorts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the minimum 10-year clinical and radiological outcomes and survivorship in a single surgeon series of CoC-THA., Methods: Among the 1,039 patients (1,391 hips) who underwent primary THA at our institution between 2008 and 2011, 49 patients (69 hips) experienced paralysis or death, and 194 patients (239 hips, 19%) were lost to follow-up. The remaining 796 patients (1,083 hips) were assessed at a mean of 11 years (range, 10 to 13 years) using the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and a questionnaire on articular noises. Survival analysis was used to estimate the survivorship. Radiological evaluation was performed on 869 hips at the final follow-up., Results: Survivorship at 11 years was 98.3% for revision or aseptic loosening, and 98.2% for reoperation. At the final follow-up, the mean mHHS and WOMAC scores were 93 (range, 12 to 100) and 14.4 (range, 3 to 66), respectively. There were 131 (12%) hips that experienced squeaking, but no patient required revision. No fracture of the ceramic was observed. Radiological evaluation at the final follow-up revealed that 3 (0.3%) hips exhibited loosening, 2 (0.2%) had femoral osteolysis, 81(9.3%) acquired radiolucencies, and 35 (4%) showed heterotopic ossification., Conclusion: This CoC bearing for THA had a high survivorship and excellent functional outcomes for at least 10 years., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc.)