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Green synthesis is the production of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) with biological agents, including plant extracts; it is environmentally friendly. The study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) synthesized by the hydroalcoholic extract of lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.) against MCF7 and HT29 with the approach of identifying the ability of these NPs to produce anticancer drugs. ZnNPs are synthesized using the hydroalcoholic extract of the lavender. Nanoparticles (NPs) are evaluated and characterized by the Tyndall effect, UV-Vis, DLS, FT-IR, Zeta-P, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, AFM, and XRD methods. The cytotoxic effects of produced NPs against MCF7 and HT29 and the healthy cell lines MCF10a and HGF were measured using the MTT Assay. Results show the average size of ZnNPs is 40 and 50 nm at a concentration of 3 mM. The highest level of cytotoxicity of NPs occurred after 48 h and was dependent on dose and time. It was determined that lavender is a suitable option for the green synthesis of ZnNPs and can be used as a stable source for the production of MNPs. Also, the synthesized ZnNPs showed cytotoxic effects against the examined cancer cells, while they did not cause toxicity to healthy cells., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: Human and animal samples were not used in this research., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Lentinula edodes has the ability to grow and produce bioactive compounds on industrial by-products. This study aimed to produce B-glucan of cell wall Shiitake on Beechwood Sawdust (BWS) through a two-step procedure, which included fermentation and B-glucan extraction and purification. Shiitake mushrooms are cultivated by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using the Jamas method to increase the purity of B-glucan. The fermented substrate was first separated and then hydrolyzed by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (10 M, 1 M), followed by acid hydrolysis extraction. The structure and purity of B-glucan were confirmed by FTIR, NMR, and AFM spectroscopy. The fungus used was molecularly identified by the 18 s rRNA method. Shiitake mushroom was produced by SSF using BWS and high purity β-glucan was extracted from the produced polysaccharide in the amount of 67.33 mg/g. FTIR, NMR, and AFM analyses proved the production of beta-glucan, and based on molecular identification, it was determined that the mushroom used was Lentinula edodes. The results obtained show that SSF is a valuable technology for the production of biomass and polysaccharides by utilizing the strain of L. edodes. To the best of our knowledge, the yield reported is the highest by the strain of L. edodes using SSF., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objectives: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is one of the main retrograde filling materials that is used today as a root end filling material and perforation repair material. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antibacterial and antifungal properties of four types of bio-ceramic materials, AGM MTA, Ortho MTA, Pro root MTA and Cem cement for oral and dental health., Methods: In this study, the antibacterial activity of four types of bio-ceramic materials against two bacterial strains of Enterococcus faecalis (ATTC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATTC 35318) and antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATTC 10231) were investigated using the well diffusion method., Results: In the context of the relationship between the type of microorganism and the diameter of the growth inhibitory zone for each type of bio-ceramic material, there was no significant difference for Enterococcus faecalis, and a significant difference was observed for Escherichia coli and Candida albicans (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: The results show that each of the bio-ceramic materials AGM, Pro root, Cem cement and Ortho have antibacterial and antifungal properties. AGM MTA bio-ceramic material on Candida albicans fungus and Ortho MTA bio-ceramic material had the most effect on Escherichia coli bacteria. Therefore, the mentioned bio-ceramic materials can play a significant role in oral and dental health by providing a suitable material for restoration., (© 2024. The Author(s).)