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Microvascular complications, affecting small blood vessels, can lead to serious conditions such as kidney failure, painful nerve damage, and vision loss. Early detection and effective treatment of these issues are vital for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare expenses. Thus, this study aimed to assess diabetic microvascular complications among adults with type 2 diabetes in Adama, central Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 adult type 2 diabetes patients. A computer-generated simple random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a structured data extraction checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 27 for processing and analysis. Binary logistic regression was employed to model the association between diabetic microvascular complications and explanatory variables. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the strength of association, and statistical significance was proclaimed at a p-value < 0.05. The prevalence of diabetic microvascular complications was 21.8% (95% CI: 17.8-25.6) with diabetic neuropathy being the most common (16.8%), followed by diabetic retinopathy (4.2%), and diabetic nephropathy (2.9%). Poor glycemic control (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.01-3.98), and a history of hypertension (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.39-4.00) were positively associated with the development of diabetic microvascular complications. Conversely, being aged 41-60 years (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.68) was negatively associated with the development of these complications. About one in five patients developed at least one diabetic microvascular complication. Age, poor glycemic control, and a history of hypertension were associated with the development of these complications. Therefore, intervening to improve glycemic control and manage hypertension is crucial in preventing the onset of diabetic microvascular complications., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Client satisfaction is an important and commonly used indicator for measuring the quality of health care as it affects clinical outcomes, patient retention, and medical malpractice claims. To limit unintended pregnancies and avoid repeated abortions promoting comprehensive abortion care services is crucial. In Ethiopia problems related to abortion were neglected and access to quality abortion care was very limited. Similarly, information related to comprehensive abortion service, particularly clients' satisfaction, and associated factors are limited in the study area that the study will be going to fill., Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed on 255 women who come for abortion service in public health facilities of Mojo town were included consecutively. The data was coded and entered into Epi info version 7 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify the associated factors. Model fitness and multicollinearity were checked by using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test and the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). Adjusted Odds Ratios and their 95% Confidence were reported., Results: A total of 255 study subjects were included in this study with a 100% response rate. The study depicted that 56.5% (95% CI: 51.3, 61.7) of the clients were satisfied with comprehensive abortion care. Having college and above educational level (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: (0.14, 0.95)), Employee occupation (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: (1.41, 2.93)), medical abortion as a type of uterine evacuation (AOR: 3.93; 95% CI: (1.75, 8.83)) and natural method of family planning users (AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: (0.08, 0.60)) were factors associated with women's satisfaction., Conclusion: The overall satisfaction toward comprehensive abortion care was considerably lower. Waiting time, cleanness of rooms, lack of laboratory service, and availability of service providers are mentioned factors for client dissatisfaction., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

Background: Client satisfaction is an important and commonly used indicator for measuring the quality of health care as it affects clinical outcomes, patient retention, and medical malpractice claims. To limit unintended pregnancies and avoid repeated abortions promoting abortion care services is crucial. In Ethiopia, problems related to abortion were neglected, and access to quality abortion care was very limited. Similarly, information related to abortion care service, particularly clients' satisfaction, and associated factors are limited in the study area that the study will be going to fill., Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed on 255 women who came for abortion service in public health facilities of Mojo town and were included consecutively. The data was coded and entered into Epi info version 7 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify the associated factors. Model fitness and multicollinearity were checked by using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test and the variance inflation factor (VIF). Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence were reported., Results: A total of 255 study subjects were included in this study with a 100% response rate. The study depicted that 56.5% (95% CI: 51.3, 61.7 of the clients were satisfied with abortion care service. Having college and above educational level (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: (0.14, 0.95), employee occupation (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: (1.41, 2.93), medical abortion as a type of uterine evacuation (AOR: 3.93; 95% CI: (1.75, 8.83), and natural method of family planning users (AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: (0.08, 0.60) were factors associated with women's satisfaction., Conclusion: The overall satisfaction towards abortion care was considerably lower. Waiting time, cleanness of rooms, lack of laboratory service, and availability of service providers are mentioned factors for client dissatisfaction., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Tola Oda et al.)

Background: Vernix caseosa is a complex proteolipid material synthesized partly by fetal sebaceous glands during the last trimester of pregnancy. Understanding the structure and function of newborn skin is crucial for determining optimal thermal support, infection control, and skin moisturization. So far, in Ethiopia, there is no research done related to the distribution of vernix caseosa and associated factors on newborn skin. Doing such research could give awareness about factors associated with the distribution of vernix caseosa on newborns' skin and to take necessary protective measures for those that may be affected., Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the distribution of vernix caseosa and associated factors among newborns delivered at Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College from November to December 1, 2021., Methodology: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November to December 1, 2021 at Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College (ACSHMC). Four hundred twenty-two eligible newborns were selected by a systematic sampling method. Data were collected by four data collectors by using a pretested questionnaire. The distribution of vernix caseosa on the different regions of the neonate was assessed, by exposing their whole body for a minute. Data entry was done by EPI data version 4.6 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. A logistic regression of P-value of <0.25 during bivariate and P < 0.05 during multivariate analysis at a 95% confidence level was considered statistically significant., Results: Out of 422 study participants 231 (54.7%) with 95% CI (49.8, 59.8) babies had vernix caseosa. Being primiparous with (AOR = 1.9, PV = 0.013, 95% CI: 1.141, 2.92), being multiparous with (AOR = 1.98, PV = 0.04, CI: 1.29, 3.225), being females with (AOR = 2.1, PV = 0.001, CI: 1.39, 3.18), being preterm with (AOR = 2.98, PV = 0.036, 95% CI: 1.08, 10.72), non-diseased newborns with (AOR = 1.6, PV = 0.046, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.7) were identified as associated factors for the distribution of vernix caseosa on the newborn skin., Conclusion: This study showed that the distribution of vernix caseosa on the skin of the newborns was associated with parity, sex, gestational age, and absence of disease., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2022 Mesfin et al.)

Purpose: To investigate whether inflammatory responses are more severe in uveitic eyes than nonuveitic eyes when acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) is implanted after cataract surgery., Methods: Clear lens removal (phacoemulsification and aspiration) was conducted and the hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AR40e, AMO) was implanted in adult albino rabbits. Just after the operation, rabbits were divided into two groups. One group (nine rabbits) received intravitreal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 200 ng/10 microl) into both eyes to induce endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and the other group (nine rabbits) received intravitreal injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 10 microl) into both eyes as the control. Aqueous humour (AH) and IOLs were harvested 1, 3 , and 7 days after the intravitreal injection. The infiltrating cell number in AH was counted and the protein concentration of AH was measured. IOLs were evaluated morphologically., Results: At 1 day after intravitreal injection, both the infiltrating cell number in AH and protein concentration of AH were significantly higher in the LPS-injected group than in the PBS-injected group. Similarly, more inflammatory cells attached to the surfaces of the IOLs in the LPS-injected group. However, 7 days later, inflammatory reactions subsided and no clear differences in any of the parameters examined were observed between the two groups., Conclusions: At 7 days after the operation, inflammatory reactions in eyes implanted with the hydrophobic acrylic IOLs were similar in uveitic eyes and nonuveitic eyes. The data suggest that the hydrophobic acrylic IOLs may be suitable for patients with uveitis.

Objective: To present a case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in which antithrombin III activity in plasma was decreased and in ascites was increased., Design: Case report., Setting: Hospital-based clinic for reproductive medicine., Patient(s): A 27-year-old woman who was transferred to our hospital because of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome., Intervention(s): Induced abortion., Main Outcome Measure(s): Antithrombin III activity in plasma and ascites., Result(s): Antithrombin III activity in ascites was slightly lower than that in plasma., Conclusion(s): The loss of antithrombin III into ascites probably caused its deficiency in this case.

Intravenous injection of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) at a dose of 10 mg/kg caused an increase in proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index and the grade of pyronin positivity (RNA level) in rat liver. In CCl4-exposed rats, pretreatment with GdCl3 also showed a preventive effect of the liver injury both biochemically and histologically. Moreover, the proliferative action preceded the attenuative effect of the liver injury. Results suggest that GdCl3 induces hepatocyte proliferation, and this action of GdCl3 may modify the development of CCl4-induced liver injury.

Thirteen adult mutant (LWC strain) Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), between the ages of 8 and 60 weeks were examined for a progressive muscular disorder. The disorder, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, was clinically apparent as early as 28 days of age; it was characterized by generalized myotonia, muscle stiffness, and muscle weakness. Affected birds were identified by their inability to lift their wings vertically upward and by their inability to right themselves when placed on their dorsum. Electromyographic studies in two mutant quails showed high-frequency repetitive discharges comparable to those of myotonic runs. These discharges persisted after nerve resection. The distinctive histopathologic changes in the various muscles examined were ring fibers, sarcoplasmic masses, and internal migration of sarcolemmal nuclei. A slight decrease in the size of type IIB muscle fibers and a slight increase in the size of type IIA fibers were observed in the M. pectoralis thoracicus of affected quails. In older affected birds, inter- and intrafascicular fatty infiltration with replacement of type IIB fibers by fat cells was seen in the pectoral muscles. Single fiber necrosis, nonspecific lymphorrages, and variations in the muscle fiber size and shape were also noted. The typical muscle lesions and multisystem involvement, which was manifested by testicular degeneration and atrophy in the male LWC specimens and bilateral lenticular cataracts in 6 of 13 affected mutant quails, suggest resemblance of this new inherited muscular disorder to myotonic dystrophy in man.