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Noise interference has become a common health risk in population-densified urban areas where social noise occurs frequently. However, the influence of an individual's perception of social noise exposure risk on reactive behavior remains unknown. This study developed an integrative psychosocial perspective-based model that includes constructs from two theoretical frameworks (the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Value-Belief-Norm theory) to analyze noise risk perception and behavioral intention for social noise mitigation. Haidian District, Beijing, was selected as the case study area and 300 questionnaires were distributed. The results showed that personal attributes had significant effects on residents' noise exposure risk perception and noise-mitigation behavioral intentions. Noise perception, as represented by awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility, was significantly related to noise mitigation behavioral intention. Awareness of consequences directly positively influenced behavioral intention (β = 0.235, p < 0.001) and indirectly positively influenced behavioral intention through the mediating effect of the ascription of responsibility, which accounted for 24 % of the total effect of awareness of consequences on behavioral intention. This study provides valuable insights into the risks of social noise and encourages adaptive measures to reduce it., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Peng Ru reports financial support was provided by Ministry of Science and Technology. Chunyan Wang reports financial support was provided by Ministry of Science and Technology. Peng Ru reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Chunyan Wang reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The organic carbon (OC) stored in global topsoil (0-30 cm) will be the most active participant in the carbon cycle under future climate change. Due to differences in focus regions or research methods, the spatio-temporal changes of future global topsoil OC stocks and how they will be affected by climate change are not systematically understood, which needs to be further explored. In this study, we developed data-driven models to predict the spatio-temporal dynamics of global topsoil OC stocks by combining 32,579 soil profiles with environmental variables and comprehensively explored the impact of future climate change on topsoil OC. It was found that the topsoil OC stocks were 1249.29 Pg in the baseline period (1971-1990). By 2100, under the normal and high representative concentration paths, it is predicted that the global topsoil OC stocks will decrease by 113.67 ± 25.93 Pg and 193.71 ± 39.76 Pg, respectively. In the future, the largest global topsoil carbon loss will occur in boreal forest areas, which are expected to lose 17.03-27.90 % (66.01-108.13Pg) of their carbon stocks. The influence of climate on topsoil OC stocks is mainly manifested in temperature, which has a negative influence on the global topsoil OC stock, and the contribution rate of temperature to the effect on the global topsoil OC stock is about 26.96 %. Overall, our results provide a high spatio-temporal resolution assessment of global topsoil OC stocks and their relationship to environmental factors, and highlight the spatial heterogeneity, which has been generally ignored in many experimental frameworks and prediction models. These results will help governments to make appropriate management decisions to mitigate climate change., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organisations that can inappropriately influence our work, there is no professional other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service and/or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review of, the manuscript entitled., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The diversity-oriented synthesis of 1,2,4-triazols, 1,3,4-thiadiazols, and 1,3,4-selenadiazoles from N -tosylhydrazones was developed, and the reactions were general for a wide range of substrates, in which NH 2 CN, KOCN, KSCN, and KSeCN were used as odorless sources. Two different pathways were proposed, and N -tosylhydrazonoyl chlorides were formed in situ in the presence of NCS.

A facile method for the preparation of 4,5-diaminopyrazoles from N -tosylhydrazones and isocyanides was developed. The reaction was general for a wide range of substrates, and it demonstrated excellent tolerance to a variety of substituents. More importantly, the protective groups of aminos could be selectively removed by controlling the amount of acid. A novel acid-promoted [3 + 1 + 1] cyclization mechanism was proposed.