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Purpose – Although the literature on the careers of skilled migrants is growing, relatively little is known about their experiences inside host country organizations. This article is a replication and an extension of a study by Zikic et al. (2010) on career challenges and coping strategies of skilled migrants. In contrast to the replicated study, where the focus was on the unemployed pool of talented migrants, in this study, the authors look at the career experiences of those who are already employed. Similar to the study of Zikic et al. (2010), the authors seek to explore how migrants understand their careers and what approaches they use to enact career opportunities from the perspective of “insiders” in local organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used a qualitative explorative approach. Based on 24 indepth interviews with highly qualified specialists, who were hired for positions in Luxembourg corresponding to their professional profiles, the authors explore what challenges they face at the workplace and how they tackle them. Findings – This research not only replicates the study of Zikic et al. (2010) but also extends the authors’ knowledge of the careers of skilled migrants in the context of local organizations. By focusing on employed skilled migrants, the authors open a “black box” of their career challenges and strategies and extend an earlier career typology (Zikic et al., 2010) into what happens within local organizations. In particular, this study identifies two major challenges that skilled migrants experience, namely, “trying to fit in” and “managing career mismatch”. Then, it shows three unique strategies that skilled migrants use to manage their careers. This allows us to cluster skilled migrants into three categories that the authors conceptualized, namely “workhorses”, “career rebels” and “career conformists”. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature on the careers of skilled migrants by theorizing the experienc

Introduction Behavioral (externalizing) and emotional (internalizing) problems were showed to be associated with the prenatal environment. Changes in placental DNA methylation was identified as a relevant potential mechanism of such association. Objectives We aimed to explore the associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavior in order to explore pathways that could link prenatal exposures to child behavior. Methods Data including 441 children of 3 years of age from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Child behavior assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Both hypotheses-driven and exploratory analyses (including epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and differentially methylated regions (DMR) analyses) were conducted. The analyses were adjusted for confounding and technical factors and estimated placental cell composition. All the p-values were corrected using a false discovery rate (FDR) procedure for multiple tests. Results In the hypothesis-driven analysis, cg26703534 (AHRR), was significantly associated with emotional problems (pFDR = 0.03). In the exploratory analyses, cg09126090 (pFDR = 0.04) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B; pFDR < 0.01) were significantly associated with peer-relationship problems and 33 DMRs were significantly associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Placental DNA methylation showed more associations with internalizing than externalizing symptoms, especially among girls. DMRs tented to include highly methylated CpGs. Conclusions This study investigated for the first time the associations between placental DNA methylation and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in preschoolers. Further analyses, such as consortium meta-analyses would be necessary to confirm and extend our results.

The placenta is a key organ for fetal and brain development. Its epigenome can be regarded as a biochemical record of the prenatal environment and a potential mechanism of its association with the future health of the fetus. We investigated associations between placental DNA methylation levels and child behavioral and emotional difficulties, assessed at 3 years of age using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 441 mother–child dyads from the EDEN cohort. Hypothesis-driven and exploratory analyses (on differentially methylated probes (EWAS) and regions (DMR)) were adjusted for confounders, technical factors, and cell composition estimates, corrected for multiple comparisons, and stratified by child sex. Hypothesis-driven analyses showed an association of cg26703534 (AHRR) with emotional symptoms, and exploratory analyses identified two probes, cg09126090 (intergenic region) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B), as negatively associated with peer relationship problems, as well as 33 DMRs, mostly positively associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Among girls, most associations were seen with emotional difficulties, whereas in boys, DMRs were as much associated with emotional than behavioral difficulties. This study provides the first evidence of associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Our results suggest sex-specific associations and might provide new insights into the mechanisms of neurodevelopment. Keywords: EWAS; DNA methylation; DOHAD; placenta; child behavior; pregnancy; epidemiology, The placenta is a key organ for fetal and brain development. Its epigenome can be regarded as a biochemical record of the prenatal environment and a potential mechanism of its association with the future health of the fetus. We investigated associations between placental DNA methylation levels and child behavioral and emotional difficulties, assessed at 3 years of age using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 441 mother–child dyads from the EDEN cohort. Hypothesis-driven and exploratory analyses (on differentially methylated probes (EWAS) and regions (DMR)) were adjusted for confounders, technical factors, and cell composition estimates, corrected for multiple comparisons, and stratified by child sex. Hypothesis-driven analyses showed an association of cg26703534 (AHRR) with emotional symptoms, and exploratory analyses identified two probes, cg09126090 (intergenic region) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B), as negatively associated with peer relationship problems, as well as 33 DMRs, mostly positively associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Among girls, most associations were seen with emotional difficulties, whereas in boys, DMRs were as much associated with emotional than behavioral difficulties. This study provides the first evidence of associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Our results suggest sex-specific associations and might provide new insights into the mechanisms of neurodevelopment.

Introduction Behavioral (externalizing) and emotional (internalizing) problems were showed to be associated with the prenatal environment. Changes in placental DNA methylation was identified as a relevant potential mechanism of such association. Objectives We aimed to explore the associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavior in order to explore pathways that could link prenatal exposures to child behavior. Methods Data including 441 children of 3 years of age from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Child behavior assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Both hypotheses-driven and exploratory analyses (including epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and differentially methylated regions (DMR) analyses) were conducted. The analyses were adjusted for confounding and technical factors and estimated placental cell composition. All the p-values were corrected using a false discovery rate (FDR) procedure for multiple tests. Results In the hypothesis-driven analysis, cg26703534 (AHRR), was significantly associated with emotional problems (pFDR = 0.03). In the exploratory analyses, cg09126090 (pFDR = 0.04) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B; pFDR < 0.01) were significantly associated with peer-relationship problems and 33 DMRs were significantly associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Placental DNA methylation showed more associations with internalizing than externalizing symptoms, especially among girls. DMRs tented to include highly methylated CpGs. Conclusions This study investigated for the first time the associations between placental DNA methylation and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in preschoolers. Further analyses, such as consortium meta-analyses would be necessary to confirm and extend our results.

The placenta is a key organ for fetal and brain development. Its epigenome can be regarded as a biochemical record of the prenatal environment and a potential mechanism of its association with the future health of the fetus. We investigated associations between placental DNA methylation levels and child behavioral and emotional difficulties, assessed at 3 years of age using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 441 mother–child dyads from the EDEN cohort. Hypothesis-driven and exploratory analyses (on differentially methylated probes (EWAS) and regions (DMR)) were adjusted for confounders, technical factors, and cell composition estimates, corrected for multiple comparisons, and stratified by child sex. Hypothesis-driven analyses showed an association of cg26703534 (AHRR) with emotional symptoms, and exploratory analyses identified two probes, cg09126090 (intergenic region) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B), as negatively associated with peer relationship problems, as well as 33 DMRs, mostly positively associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Among girls, most associations were seen with emotional difficulties, whereas in boys, DMRs were as much associated with emotional than behavioral difficulties. This study provides the first evidence of associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Our results suggest sex-specific associations and might provide new insights into the mechanisms of neurodevelopment. Keywords: EWAS; DNA methylation; DOHAD; placenta; child behavior; pregnancy; epidemiology, The placenta is a key organ for fetal and brain development. Its epigenome can be regarded as a biochemical record of the prenatal environment and a potential mechanism of its association with the future health of the fetus. We investigated associations between placental DNA methylation levels and child behavioral and emotional difficulties, assessed at 3 years of age using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 441 mother–child dyads from the EDEN cohort. Hypothesis-driven and exploratory analyses (on differentially methylated probes (EWAS) and regions (DMR)) were adjusted for confounders, technical factors, and cell composition estimates, corrected for multiple comparisons, and stratified by child sex. Hypothesis-driven analyses showed an association of cg26703534 (AHRR) with emotional symptoms, and exploratory analyses identified two probes, cg09126090 (intergenic region) and cg10305789 (PPP1R16B), as negatively associated with peer relationship problems, as well as 33 DMRs, mostly positively associated with at least one of the SDQ subscales. Among girls, most associations were seen with emotional difficulties, whereas in boys, DMRs were as much associated with emotional than behavioral difficulties. This study provides the first evidence of associations between placental DNA methylation and child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Our results suggest sex-specific associations and might provide new insights into the mechanisms of neurodevelopment.

This paper has delved into the pressing need for intelligent emergency control in large-scale power systems, which are experiencing significant transformations and are operating closer to their limits with more uncertainties. Learning-based control methods are promising and have shown effectiveness for intelligent power system control. However, when they are applied to large-scale power systems, there are multifaceted challenges such as scalability, adaptiveness, and security posed by the complex power system landscape, which demand comprehensive solutions. The paper first proposes and instantiates a convergence framework for integrating power systems physics, machine learning, advanced computing, and grid control to realize intelligent grid control at a large scale. Our developed methods and platform based on the convergence framework have been applied to a large (more than 3000 buses) Texas power system, and tested with 56000 scenarios. Our work achieved a 26% reduction in load shedding on average and outperformed existing rule-based control in 99.7% of the test scenarios. The results demonstrated the potential of the proposed convergence framework and DRL-based intelligent control for the future grid., Comment: submitted to PSCC 2024

Isotropic diffuse gamma-ray flux in the PeV energy band is an important tool for multimessenger tests of models of the origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and for new-physics searches. So far, this flux has not yet been observed. Carpet-2 is an air-shower experiment capable of detecting astrophysical gamma rays with energies above 0.1 PeV. Here we report the upper limits on the isotropic gamma-ray flux from Carpet-2 data obtained in 1999-2011 and 2018-2022. These results, obtained with the new statistical method based on the shape of the muon-number distribution, summarize Carpet-2 observations as the upgraded installation, Carpet-3, starts its operation., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, JETPL.cls; V2: references added, version accepted by JETP Letters

Galactic sites of acceleration of cosmic rays to energies of order 10^15 eV and higher, dubbed PeVatrons, reveal themselves by recently discovered gamma radiation of energies above 100 TeV. However, joint gamma-ray and neutrino production, which marks unambiguously cosmic-ray interactions with ambient matter and radiation, was not observed until now. In November 2020, the IceCube neutrino observatory reported an ~150 TeV neutrino event from the direction of one of the most promising Galactic PeVatrons, the Cygnus Cocoon. Here we report on the observation of a 3.1-sigma (post trial) excess of atmospheric air showers from the same direction, observed by the Carpet-2 experiment and consistent with a few-months flare in photons above 300 TeV, in temporal coincidence with the neutrino event. The fluence of the gamma-ray flare is of the same order as that expected from the neutrino observation, assuming the standard mechanism of neutrino production. This is the first evidence for the joint production of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays in a Galactic source., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, AASTeX. V2: minor changes; Appendix with more analysis details added. Version accepted by Astrophys. J. Letters. V3: title corrected (text unchanged), matches the published version

Blazars may accelerate protons and/or nuclei as well as electrons. The hadronic component of accelerated particles in blazars may constitute the bulk of their high-energy budget; nevertheless, this component is elusive due to a high value of the energy threshold of proton interaction with photon fields inside the source. However, broad line regions (BLRs) of some flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) may contain a sufficient amount of matter to render primary protons "visible" in $\gamma$ rays via hadronuclear interactions. In the present paper we study the persistent $\gamma$-ray emission of the FSRQ PKS 1510-089 in its low state utilizing the publicly-available Fermi-LAT data, as well as using the spectrum measured with the MAGIC imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. We find an indication for an excess of $\gamma$ rays at the energy range $\gtrsim$10 GeV with respect to a simple baseline log-parabolic intrinsic spectral model. The statistical significance of the excess is $\approx$5.5$\sigma$, but it drops to $\approx$2.7$\sigma$ after the account of the systematic uncertainty of the MAGIC measurements. This excess could be explained in a scenario invoking hadronuclear interactions of primary protons on the BLR material with the subsequent development of electromagnetic cascades in photon fields. We present a Monte Carlo calculation of the spectrum of this cascade component, taking as input the BLR photon field spectrum calculated with the Cloudy code. To our knowledge, this is the first calculation of electromagnetic cascade spectrum inside a blazar based on a direct calculation of the photon field spectrum with a spectral synthesis code., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures

The SPHERE project studies primary cosmic rays by detection of the Cherenkov light of extensive air showers reflected from the snowy surface of the earth. Measurements with the aerial-based detector SPHERE-2 were performed in 2011-2013. The detector was lifted by the balloon at altitudes up to 900 m above snowed surface of Lake Baikal, Russia. The results of the experiment are summarized now in a series of papers that opens with this article. An overview of the SPHERE-2 detector telemetry monitoring systems is presented along with the analysis of the measurements conditions including atmosphere profile. The analysis of the detector state and environment atmosphere conditions monitoring provided various cross-checks of detector calibration, positioning and performance., Comment: 11 pages, 20 figures

Galactic sites of acceleration of cosmic rays to energies of order 10^15 eV and higher, dubbed PeVatrons, reveal themselves by recently discovered gamma radiation of energies above 100 TeV. However, joint gamma-ray and neutrino production, which marks unambiguously cosmic-ray interactions with ambient matter and radiation, was not observed until now. In November 2020, the IceCube neutrino observatory reported an ~150 TeV neutrino event from the direction of one of the most promising Galactic PeVatrons, the Cygnus Cocoon. Here we report on the observation of a 3.1-sigma (post trial) excess of atmospheric air showers from the same direction, observed by the Carpet-2 experiment and consistent with a few-months flare in photons above 300 TeV, in temporal coincidence with the neutrino event. The fluence of the gamma-ray flare is of the same order as that expected from the neutrino observation, assuming the standard mechanism of neutrino production. This is the first evidence for the joint production of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays in a Galactic source., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, AASTeX. V2: minor changes; Appendix with more analysis details added. Version accepted by Astrophys. J. Letters. V3: title corrected (text unchanged), matches the published version

Fil: Barrera, Mariano. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades; Argentina.

Galactic sites of acceleration of cosmic rays to energies of order 10^15 eV and higher, dubbed PeVatrons, reveal themselves by recently discovered gamma radiation of energies above 100 TeV. However, joint gamma-ray and neutrino production, which marks unambiguously cosmic-ray interactions with ambient matter and radiation, was not observed until now. In November 2020, the IceCube neutrino observatory reported an ~150 TeV neutrino event from the direction of one of the most promising Galactic PeVatrons, the Cygnus Cocoon. Here we report on the observation of a 3.1-sigma (post trial) excess of atmospheric air showers from the same direction, observed by the Carpet-2 experiment and consistent with a few-months flare in photons above 300 TeV, in temporal coincidence with the neutrino event. The fluence of the gamma-ray flare is of the same order as that expected from the neutrino observation, assuming the standard mechanism of neutrino production. This is the first evidence for the joint production of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays in a Galactic source., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, AASTeX. V2: minor changes; Appendix with more analysis details added. Version accepted by Astrophys. J. Letters. V3: title corrected (text unchanged), matches the published version

Blazars may accelerate protons and/or nuclei as well as electrons. The hadronic component of accelerated particles in blazars may constitute the bulk of their high-energy budget; nevertheless, this component is elusive due to a high value of the energy threshold of proton interaction with photon fields inside the source. However, broad line regions (BLRs) of some flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) may contain a sufficient amount of matter to render primary protons "visible" in $\gamma$ rays via hadronuclear interactions. In the present paper we study the persistent $\gamma$-ray emission of the FSRQ PKS 1510-089 in its low state utilizing the publicly-available Fermi-LAT data, as well as using the spectrum measured with the MAGIC imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. We find an indication for an excess of $\gamma$ rays at the energy range $\gtrsim 20$ GeV with respect to a simple baseline log-parabolic intrinsic spectral model. This excess could be explained in a scenario invoking hadronuclear interactions of primary protons on the BLR material with the subsequent development of electromagnetic cascades in photon fields. We present a Monte Carlo calculation of the spectrum of this cascade component, taking as input the BLR photon field spectrum calculated with the Cloudy code. To our knowledge, this is the first calculation of electromagnetic cascade spectrum inside a blazar based on a direct calculation of the photon field spectrum with a spectral synthesis code., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. A major mistake in data analysis was corrected; qualitative conclusions not changed. Otherwise, moderate changes. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. This is the author's version and not the final typeset

The SPHERE project studies primary cosmic rays by detection of the Cherenkov light of extensive air showers reflected from the snowy surface of the earth. Measurements with the aerial-based detector SPHERE-2 were performed in 2011-2013. The detector was lifted by the balloon at altitudes up to 900 m above snowed surface of Lake Baikal, Russia. The results of the experiment are summarized now in a series of papers that opens with this article. An overview of the SPHERE-2 detector telemetry monitoring systems is presented along with the analysis of the measurements conditions including atmosphere profile. The analysis of the detector state and environment atmosphere conditions monitoring provided various cross-checks of detector calibration, positioning and performance., Comment: 11 pages, 20 figures

Galactic sites of acceleration of cosmic rays to energies of order 10^15 eV and higher, dubbed PeVatrons, reveal themselves by recently discovered gamma radiation of energies above 100 TeV. However, joint gamma-ray and neutrino production, which marks unambiguously cosmic-ray interactions with ambient matter and radiation, was not observed until now. In November 2020, the IceCube neutrino observatory reported an ~150 TeV neutrino event from the direction of one of the most promising Galactic PeVatrons, the Cygnus Cocoon. Here we report on the observation of a 3.1-sigma (post trial) excess of atmospheric air showers from the same direction, observed by the Carpet-2 experiment and consistent with a few-months flare in photons above 300 TeV, in temporal coincidence with the neutrino event. The fluence of the gamma-ray flare is of the same order as that expected from the neutrino observation, assuming the standard mechanism of neutrino production. This is the first evidence for the joint production of high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays in a Galactic source., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, AASTeX. V2: minor changes; Appendix with more analysis details added. Version accepted by Astrophys. J. Letters. V3: title corrected (text unchanged), matches the published version

The $\gamma$-ray spectrum of the source HAWC J1825-134 measured with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory extends beyond 200 TeV without any evidence for a steepening or cutoff. There are some indications that the $\gamma$-rays detected with HAWC were produced by cosmic ray protons or nuclei colliding with the ambient gas. Assuming primary protons, we inquire which shape of the primary proton spectrum is compatible with the HAWC measurements. We find that the primary proton spectrum with the power-law shape of $\gamma_{p}$=2.2 and the cutoff energy $E_{c-p} > 500$ TeV describes the data well. However, much harder spectra with $\gamma_{p}$ down to 1.3 and $E_{c-p}$ as low as 200 TeV also do not contradict the HAWC measurements. The former option might be realized if the accelerator is inside or very near to the $\gamma$-ray production zone. The latter option is viable for the case of a cosmic ray source which effectively confines low-energy ($E_{p} < 10$ TeV) accelerated protons. Using publicly-available data of the Fermi-LAT space $\gamma$-ray telescope, we derive upper limits on the intensity of the HAWC J1825-134 source in the 1 GeV -- 1 TeV energy range. We show that the account of these upper limits drastically changes the interpretation: only hard ($\gamma_{p} < 1.7$) spectra describe the combined HAWC and Fermi-LAT datasets well., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Moderate changes w.r.t. v.2

A new project is developed with the implementation of a relatively new method of studying the primary cosmic ray -- the registration of extensive air showers' optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (Cherenkov light) reflected from the snow surface. The aim of the project is the study of the cosmic ray mass composition in the energy range of 1-100 PeV by detecting the reflected extensive air showers' Cherenkov light. Silicon photomultipliers are planned to be used as the main photosensitive element of the detector and an unmanned aerial vehicle will is planned to lift the measuring equipment over the snow-covered ground., Comment: Procs. of the Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics Conference (INSTR20), 24--28 February 2020, Novosibirsk, Russia. Contains 11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to JINST

Primary very high energy $\gamma$-rays from $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) are partially absorbed on extragalactic background light (EBL) photons with subsequent formation of intergalactic electromagnetic cascades. Characteristics of the observable cascade $\gamma$-ray signal are sensitive to the strength and structure of the extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). GRB 190114C was recently detected with the MAGIC imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, for the first time allowing to estimate the observable cascade intensity. We inquire whether any constraints on the EGMF strength and structure could be obtained from publicly-available $\gamma$-ray data on GRB 190114C. We present detailed calculations of the observable cascade signal for various EGMF configurations. We show that the sensitivity of the Fermi-LAT space $\gamma$-ray telescope is not sufficient to obtain such constraints on the EGMF parameters. However, next-generation space $\gamma$-ray observatories such as MAST would be able to detect pair echoes from GRBs similar to GRB 190114C for the EGMF strength below 10^{-17}--10^{-18} G., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

Fil: Cena, María Virginia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades; Argentina

A new project is developed with the implementation of a relatively new method of studying the primary cosmic ray -- the registration of extensive air showers' optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (Cherenkov light) reflected from the snow surface. The aim of the project is the study of the cosmic ray mass composition in the energy range of 1-100 PeV by detecting the reflected extensive air showers' Cherenkov light. Silicon photomultipliers are planned to be used as the main photosensitive element of the detector and an unmanned aerial vehicle will is planned to lift the measuring equipment over the snow-covered ground., Comment: Procs. of the Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics Conference (INSTR20), 24--28 February 2020, Novosibirsk, Russia. Contains 11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to JINST

Primary very high energy $\gamma$-rays from $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) are partially absorbed on extragalactic background light (EBL) photons with subsequent formation of intergalactic electromagnetic cascades. Characteristics of the observable cascade $\gamma$-ray signal are sensitive to the strength and structure of the extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). GRB 190114C was recently detected with the MAGIC imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, for the first time allowing to estimate the observable cascade intensity. We inquire whether any constraints on the EGMF strength and structure could be obtained from publicly-available $\gamma$-ray data on GRB 190114C. We present detailed calculations of the observable cascade signal for various EGMF configurations. We show that the sensitivity of the Fermi-LAT space $\gamma$-ray telescope is not sufficient to obtain such constraints on the EGMF parameters. However, next-generation space $\gamma$-ray observatories such as MAST would be able to detect pair echoes from GRBs similar to GRB 190114C for the EGMF strength below 10^{-17}--10^{-18} G., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

The SPHERE-2 balloon-borne detector designed for extensive air shower (EAS) observations using EAS optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (``Cherenkov light''), reflected from the snow-covered surface of Lake Baikal is described. We briefly discuss the concept behind the reflected Cherenkov light method, characterize the conditions at the experimental site and overview the construction of the tethered balloon used to lift the SPHERE-2 telescope above the surface. This paper is mainly dedicated to a detailed technical description of the detector, including its optical system, sensitive elements, electronics, and data acquisition system (DAQ). The results of some laboratory and field tests of the optical system are presented., Comment: 13 pages, 18 figures

The SPHERE-2 balloon-borne detector designed for extensive air shower (EAS) observations using EAS optical Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (``Cherenkov light''), reflected from the snow-covered surface of Lake Baikal is described. We briefly discuss the concept behind the reflected Cherenkov light method, characterize the conditions at the experimental site and overview the construction of the tethered balloon used to lift the SPHERE-2 telescope above the surface. This paper is mainly dedicated to a detailed technical description of the detector, including its optical system, sensitive elements, electronics, and data acquisition system (DAQ). The results of some laboratory and field tests of the optical system are presented., Comment: 13 pages, 18 figures

Global talent management (GTM) has its origins in international human resource management, and it emerged around the turn of the 21st century as a key strategic issue for multinational corporations (MNCs) confronted with talent shortages and mobility of staff on a global scale. It refers to the activities and processes that involve the systematic identification of key positions which significantly contribute to the organization’s sustainable competitive advantage, and the identification, attraction, selection, recruitment, development, and retention of talented individuals on a global scale to effectively fill in these roles. So, as a concept, GTM is both broader than leadership succession and more exclusive than human resource management. It focuses on key positions considering the global scope of the organization, key individuals (with high levels of talent) to step into these roles, and a differentiated human resource architecture to effectively manage such talented individuals. GTM is differentiated from strategic talent management (TM), since strategic TM deals with the TM matters of domestic organizations, while GTM is focused on the TM issues of organizations operating on a global scale. GTM, however, is strategic and multidisciplinary in nature. As mentioned previously, it is mostly rooted in the subjects of international human resource management, international management, economics, and organizational psychology. Other contributing disciplines include sociology and political science., Postprint (author's final draft)

The chapter analyses the macro talent management context in the UK. It develops the notion of patterns of agency and webs of action at country level that serve to condition the conduct of talent management. There are few generalizable or preferable recipes for macro talent management – the patterns that emerge in the UK need not, or would not, necessarily work in a different national context. National strategies are embedded in, and managed through, complex webs of action. The dominant patterns in the UK concern: the HRM culture; specific qualities of being an advanced economy; the industrial structure; the link between skills and productivity; the comparative advantage of vocational and education training strategies, the impact on education strategies; the impact of globalized sector labour markets on large national employers; and the growing impact of London as a global city. The chapter draws upon institutional theory to argue there is a need not just for new talent management practices in the UK, changes in the structures in which these practices will need to become embedded, and changes in the regimes (the overriding expectations and planned way of doing things for a given issue-area around which actors tend to converge) currently in place.

Macro talent management incorporates activities aimed at attracting, mobilizing, developing, and retaining top talent within an organization. As such, it has also major implications for organizations, including multinational enterprises and nongovernmental organizations, and individuals, as well as countries. This book takes the analysis of macro talent management to the country level in developed markets. It brings together research from fields of human resource management, international business, economic geography, comparative international development, and political economy, and was written by a range of leading experts from around the world. Macro Talent Management acts as a guide for practitioners looking to their country’s global competitiveness, attractiveness, and economic development through strategic talent management, and a key text for students studying in the field.

Macro Talent Management in Emerging and Emergent Markets is the first book to focus specificially on country-level activities that aimed at attracting, developing, mobilizing, and retaining top talent for economic success. The book serves as a guide that orients the reader toward activities that increase their country’s global competitiveness, attractiveness, and economic development through strategic talent management. This book brings together leading experts from around the world to address such issues as cross-border flows of talent, diaspora mobility, knowledge flows, global labour markets, and policies. The book is structured in three parts: part 1 covers emerging markets, part 2 emergent markets, and part 3 pan-national themes such as migration and clusters. Bringing together research from the fields of human resource management, international business, economic geography, comparative international development, and political economy, this is a definitive, comprehensive treatment of the topic aimed at advanced students and practitioners.

The chapter analyses the macro talent management context in the UK. It develops the notion of patterns of agency and webs of action at country level that serve to condition the conduct of talent management. There are few generalizable or preferable recipes for macro talent management – the patterns that emerge in the UK need not, or would not, necessarily work in a different national context. National strategies are embedded in, and managed through, complex webs of action. The dominant patterns in the UK concern: the HRM culture; specific qualities of being an advanced economy; the industrial structure; the link between skills and productivity; the comparative advantage of vocational and education training strategies, the impact on education strategies; the impact of globalized sector labour markets on large national employers; and the growing impact of London as a global city. The chapter draws upon institutional theory to argue there is a need not just for new talent management practices in the UK, changes in the structures in which these practices will need to become embedded, and changes in the regimes (the overriding expectations and planned way of doing things for a given issue-area around which actors tend to converge) currently in place.

Macro talent management incorporates activities aimed at attracting, mobilizing, developing, and retaining top talent within an organization. As such, it has also major implications for organizations, including multinational enterprises and nongovernmental organizations, and individuals, as well as countries. This book takes the analysis of macro talent management to the country level in developed markets. It brings together research from fields of human resource management, international business, economic geography, comparative international development, and political economy, and was written by a range of leading experts from around the world. Macro Talent Management acts as a guide for practitioners looking to their country’s global competitiveness, attractiveness, and economic development through strategic talent management, and a key text for students studying in the field.

Macro Talent Management in Emerging and Emergent Markets is the first book to focus specificially on country-level activities that aimed at attracting, developing, mobilizing, and retaining top talent for economic success. The book serves as a guide that orients the reader toward activities that increase their country’s global competitiveness, attractiveness, and economic development through strategic talent management. This book brings together leading experts from around the world to address such issues as cross-border flows of talent, diaspora mobility, knowledge flows, global labour markets, and policies. The book is structured in three parts: part 1 covers emerging markets, part 2 emergent markets, and part 3 pan-national themes such as migration and clusters. Bringing together research from the fields of human resource management, international business, economic geography, comparative international development, and political economy, this is a definitive, comprehensive treatment of the topic aimed at advanced students and practitioners.

This chapter introduces the peculiarities of macro talent management in Denmark. According to the 2017 Global Talent Competitiveness Index, Denmark excels in its ability to enable and grow talent internally. However, at the same time other characteristics of the Danish macro environment make it difficult for companies to attract and retain talent. This gives rise to what we label the Danish talent paradox: although Danish companies and society in general consider talent growth a top priority, this does not translate into a strong ability to attract and retain talent, especially global talent., This chapter introduces the peculiarities of macro talent management in Denmark. According to the 2017 Global Talent Competitiveness Index, Denmark excels in its ability to enable and grow talent internally. However, at the same time other characteristics of the Danish macro environment make it difficult for companies to attract and retain talent. This gives rise to what we label the Danish talent paradox: although Danish companies and society in general consider talent growth a top priority, this does not translate into a strong ability to attract and retain talent, especially global talent.

Item does not contain fulltext, Pictures of facial expressions of emotion are used in a wide range of experiments. The last decade has seen an increase in the number of studies presenting local sets of emotion stimuli. However, only a few existing sets contain pictures of Latin Americans, despite the growing attention emotion research is receiving in this region. Here we present the development and validation of the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Expresiones de Emociones Faciales (UNCEEF), a Facial Action Coding System (FACS)-verified set of pictures of Argentineans expressing the six basic emotions, plus neutral expressions. FACS scores, recognition rates, Hu scores, and discrimination indices are reported. Evidence of convergent validity was obtained using the Pictures of Facial Affect in an Argentine sample. However, recognition accuracy was greater for UNCEEF. The importance of local sets of emotion pictures is discussed.

Item does not contain fulltext, Pictures of facial expressions of emotion are used in a wide range of experiments. The last decade has seen an increase in the number of studies presenting local sets of emotion stimuli. However, only a few existing sets contain pictures of Latin Americans, despite the growing attention emotion research is receiving in this region. Here we present the development and validation of the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Expresiones de Emociones Faciales (UNCEEF), a Facial Action Coding System (FACS)-verified set of pictures of Argentineans expressing the six basic emotions, plus neutral expressions. FACS scores, recognition rates, Hu scores, and discrimination indices are reported. Evidence of convergent validity was obtained using the Pictures of Facial Affect in an Argentine sample. However, recognition accuracy was greater for UNCEEF. The importance of local sets of emotion pictures is discussed.

Item does not contain fulltext, Pictures of facial expressions of emotion are used in a wide range of experiments. The last decade has seen an increase in the number of studies presenting local sets of emotion stimuli. However, only a few existing sets contain pictures of Latin Americans, despite the growing attention emotion research is receiving in this region. Here we present the development and validation of the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Expresiones de Emociones Faciales (UNCEEF), a Facial Action Coding System (FACS)-verified set of pictures of Argentineans expressing the six basic emotions, plus neutral expressions. FACS scores, recognition rates, Hu scores, and discrimination indices are reported. Evidence of convergent validity was obtained using the Pictures of Facial Affect in an Argentine sample. However, recognition accuracy was greater for UNCEEF. The importance of local sets of emotion pictures is discussed.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common cause of infertility, but previous attempts at identifying RSA causative genes have been relatively unsuccessful. Such failure to describe RSA aetiological genes might be explained by the fact that reproductive phenotypes should be considered as quantitative traits resulting from the intricate interaction of numerous genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Here, we studied an interspecific recombinant congenic strain (IRCS) of Mus musculus from the C57BL6/J strain of mice harbouring an approximate 5 Mb DNA fragment from chromosome 13 from Mus spretus mice (66H-MMU13 strain), with a high rate of embryonic resorption (ER). Transcriptome analyses of endometrial and placental tissues from these mice showed a deregulation of many genes associated with the coagulation and inflammatory response pathways. Bioinformatics approaches led us to select Foxd1 as a candidate gene potentially related to ER and RSA. Sequencing analysis of Foxd1 in the 66H-MMU13 strain, and in 556 women affected by RSA and 271 controls revealed non-synonymous sequence variants. In vitro assays revealed that some led to perturbations in FOXD1 transactivation properties on promoters of genes having key roles during implantation/placentation, suggesting a role of this gene in mammalian implantation processes.

Study questionCan whole exome sequencing (WES) and in vitro validation studies be used to find the causative genetic etiology in a patient with primary ovarian failure and infertility?Summary answerA novel follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mutation was found by WES and shown, via in vitro flow cytometry studies, to affect membrane trafficking.What is known alreadyWES may diagnose up to 25-35% of patients with suspected disorders of sex development (DSD). FSHR mutations are an extremely rare cause of 46, XX gonadal dysgenesis with primary amenorrhea due to hypergonadotropic ovarian failure.Study design, size, durationA WES study was followed by flow cytometry studies of mutant protein function.Participants/materials, setting, methodsThe study subjects were two Turkish sisters with hypergonadotropic primary amenorrhea, their parents and two unaffected sisters. The affected siblings and both parents were sequenced (trio-WES). Transient transfection of HEK 293T cells was performed with a vector containing wild-type FSHR as well as the novel FSHR variant that was discovered by WES. Cellular localization of FSHR protein as well as FSH-stimulated cyclic AMP (cAMP) production was evaluated using flow cytometry.Main results and the role of chanceBoth affected sisters were homozygous for a previously unreported missense mutation (c.1222G>T, p.Asp408Tyr) in the second transmembrane domain of FSHR. Modeling predicted disrupted secondary structure. Flow cytometry demonstrated an average of 48% reduction in cell-surface signal detection (P < 0.01). The mean fluorescent signal for cAMP (second messenger of FSHR), stimulated by FSH, was reduced by 50% in the mutant-transfected cells (P < 0.01).Limitations, reasons for cautionThis is an in vitro validation. All novel purported genetic variants can be clinically reported only as 'variants of uncertain significance' until more patients with a similar phenotype are discovered with the same variant.Wider implications

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disease afflicting 3-7% of pregnancies worldwide and leads to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. The disease is of placental origin and is commonly described as a disease of two stages. A variety of preeclampsia animal models have been proposed, but all of them have limitations in fully recapitulating the human disease. Based on the research question at hand, different or multiple models might be suitable. Multiple animal models in combination with in vitro or ex vivo studies on human placenta together offer a synergistic platform to further our understanding of the etiology of preeclampsia and potential therapeutic interventions. The described animal models of preeclampsia divide into four categories (i) spontaneous, (ii) surgically induced, (iii) pharmacologically/substance induced, and (iv) transgenic. This review aims at providing an inventory of novel models addressing etiology of the disease and or therapeutic/intervention opportunities.

The genetic and cytogenetic map around the chromosome 1 region shown to be linked with polledness and intersexuality (PIS) in the domestic goat (Capra hircus) was refined. For this purpose, a goat BAC library was systematically screened with primers from human coding sequences, scraped chromosome 1 DNA, bovine microsatellites from the region, and BAC ends. All the BACs (n = 30) were mapped by fluorescence in. situ hybridization (FISH) on goat chromosome 1q41-q45. The genetic mapping of 30 new goat polymorphic markers, isolated from these BACs, made it possible to reduce the PIS interval to a region of less than 1 cM on goat chromosome 1q43. The PIS locus is now located between the two genes ATP1B and COP, which both map to 3q23 in humans. Genetic, cytogenetic, and comparative data suggest that the PIS region is now probably circumscribed to an similar to 1-Mb DNA segment for which construction of a BAC contig is in progress. In addition, a human YAC contig encompassing the blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus-inversus region was mapped by FISH to goat chromosome 1q43. This human disease, mapped to HSA 3q23 and affecting the development and maintenance of ovarian function, could be a potential candidate for goat PIS.

This special issue draws on a series of papers presented at the third EIASM workshop on talent management, which was hosted by ESCP Europe Berlin in October 2014. In briefly presenting the special issue this introduction provides a contextual overview of the evolution of strategic talent management as an area of study.

Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At IFPA meeting 2014 there were six themed workshops, five of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology but collectively covered areas of animal models, xenobiotics, pathological biomarkers, genetics and epigenetics, and stillbirth and fetal growth restriction. © 2015 Published by IFPA and Elsevier Ltd.

Context: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic condition characterized by an important inflammatory process mediated by the prostaglandin pathway. Oral contraceptives are the treatment of choice for symptomatic endometriotic women. However the effects of oral contraceptives use and prostaglandin pathway in endometriotic women are actually still unknown. Objective: To investigate the expression of prostaglandin pathway key genes in endometriotic tissue, affected or not by hormonal therapy, as compared with healthy endometrial tissue. Design: This was a comparative laboratory study. Setting: This study was conducted in a tertiary-care university hospital. Patients: Seventy-six women, with (n = 46) and without (n = 30) histologically proven endometriosis. Main Outcome Measures: Prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase (PTGS)1, PTGS2, prostaglandin E receptor (PTGER)1, PTGER2, PTGER3, and PTGER4 mRNA levels in endometrium of disease-free women and in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis-affected women. PTGS2 expression was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, using specific monoclonal antibodies. PTGS2 expression was analyzed at mRNA and protein levels and correlated with taking hormonal treatment. Results: PTGS2 expression was significantly increased in eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared with healthy tissue (induction of 9.6- and 6.3-fold, respectively; P = .001). PTGS2 immunoreactivity increased gradually from normal endometrium to eutopic and ectopic endometrium (h-score of 96.7 ± 55.0, 128.3 ± 66.1, and 226.7 ± 62.6, respectively, P < .001). PTGER2, PTGER3, and PTGER4 expression increased significantly and gradually from normal to eutopic and ectopic endometrium, whereas PTGER1 remained unchanged. Patients under hormonal treatment had a higher PTGS2 expression at transcriptional and protein levels as compared with those without treatment (P = .002 and P = .025, respectively). Conclusions: Prostaglandin pathway is strongly deregulated in eu, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Premature ovarian failure is a major cause of female infertility. The genetic causes of this disorder remain unknown in most patients. Using whole-exome sequence analysis of a large consanguineous family with inherited premature ovarian failure, we identified a homozygous 1-bp deletion inducing a frameshift mutation in STAG3 on chromosome 7. STAG3 encodes a meiosis-specific subunit of the cohesin ring, which ensures correct sister chromatid cohesion. Female mice devoid of Stag3 are sterile, and their fetal oocytes are arrested at early prophase I, leading to oocyte depletion at 1 week of age.

Context: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic condition characterized by an important inflammatory process mediated by the prostaglandin pathway. Oral contraceptives are the treatment of choice for symptomatic endometriotic women. However the effects of oral contraceptives use and prostaglandin pathway in endometriotic women are actually still unknown. Objective: To investigate the expression of prostaglandin pathway key genes in endometriotic tissue, affected or not by hormonal therapy, as compared with healthy endometrial tissue. Design: This was a comparative laboratory study. Setting: This study was conducted in a tertiary-care university hospital. Patients: Seventy-six women, with (n = 46) and without (n = 30) histologically proven endometriosis. Main Outcome Measures: Prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase (PTGS)1, PTGS2, prostaglandin E receptor (PTGER)1, PTGER2, PTGER3, and PTGER4 mRNA levels in endometrium of disease-free women and in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis-affected women. PTGS2 expression was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, using specific monoclonal antibodies. PTGS2 expression was analyzed at mRNA and protein levels and correlated with taking hormonal treatment. Results: PTGS2 expression was significantly increased in eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared with healthy tissue (induction of 9.6- and 6.3-fold, respectively; P = .001). PTGS2 immunoreactivity increased gradually from normal endometrium to eutopic and ectopic endometrium (h-score of 96.7 ± 55.0, 128.3 ± 66.1, and 226.7 ± 62.6, respectively, P < .001). PTGER2, PTGER3, and PTGER4 expression increased significantly and gradually from normal to eutopic and ectopic endometrium, whereas PTGER1 remained unchanged. Patients under hormonal treatment had a higher PTGS2 expression at transcriptional and protein levels as compared with those without treatment (P = .002 and P = .025, respectively). Conclusions: Prostaglandin pathway is strongly deregulated in eu, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published