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The effects of seeding depth on the emergence and performance of many crops under a wide range of cultivated soil types and conditions have been well researched. The same effects under a no-tillage system are not nearly so well covered in the literature and the validity of extrapolation of results between different tillage systems has been shown to be dubious at best. A field experiment was undertaken to compare the performance, in terms of various emergence parameters, of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Otane) and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) sown at target depths of 20, 30, 50 and 70 mm into an untilled seedbed. A secondary aim was to assess the yield performance of wheat. The final factor involved was to assess the effect of the addition of disc scrapers to Cross Slot™ openers with respect to accuracy of seed placement. Emergence parameters assessed included total emergence, rates of emergence and time taken to attain both 5% and 95% emergence (of those seedlings that emerged). Results showed that lupin tended to be planted deeper than wheat at any given opener depth setting and that the addition of scrapers had little, if any, effect either on the sowing depth achieved or on the variability of seed placement, by the opener, around the mean. Scrapers appeared to have very little consequential effect on any of the performance parameters measured, under the conditions of this experiment. The emergence parameters showed a reasonable linear response to increasing seeding depth, especially so in the case of lupin. The variability of total wheat emergence, in particular, at different depths was high compared with lupin. Lupin demonstrated a much higher degree of sensitivity than wheat for almost all emergence parameters. The exception to this was for rates of emergence where relative changes with depth were similar for both species. Fertile tiller numbers decreased with increasing depth at all four depths for wheat. However a high degree of variability in the yield data

Tertiary epithermal Au-Ag-Pb-Zn-Cu vein, and porphyry copper deposits occur in the Hauraki Province. The epithermal deposits were extensively mined for gold and silver in the late 1800's, and early 1900's and produced approximately 300 million grams (10 million ounces) of gold and 1,000 million grams (30 million ounces) of silver. They occur in Jurassic greywacke suite rocks, lower Miocene-Pliocene andesites and dacites, and upper Miocene-Pleistocene rhyolites although the deposits in the and esites and dacites produced most of the gold and silver mined. Base metal assemblages of the epithermal deposits are dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, whereas acanthite and native gold (electrum) are the most common precious metal minerals. Tellurides (e.g. hessite) and seleniferous - selenide minerals are locally important. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Near neutral or slightly alkaline fluid pH is indicated for the epithermal fluids by the occurrence of sericite and/or adularia in wall rock alteration mineral assemblages. Acidic fluids, forming kaolinite, are characteristic of late stages or near surface environments. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures, and sulphur isotope temperatures from sphalerite-galena pairs, indicate that base metal deposition occurred mainly between 320 and. 280 degrees C, precious metal assemblages predominantly in the range of 280 - 200 degrees C and late stage barite, in some deposits, generally below 200 degrees C. There is fluid inclusion evidence for boiling during mineralisation in some deposits. Apparent salinities of the epithermal fluids, determined from fluid inclusion freezing temperatures, range from 0 - 6.1 eq. wt. % NaCl. No consistent difference in average apparent salinity was recognised between the different types of epithermal deposits, although the highest recorded values were from the base metal deposits. The absence of liquid CO2 in fluid inclusions limits the maximum possible concentrat

Tertiary epithermal Au-Ag-Pb-Zn-Cu vein, and porphyry copper deposits occur in the Hauraki Province. The epithermal deposits were extensively mined for gold and silver in the late 1800's, and early 1900's and produced approximately 300 million grams (10 million ounces) of gold and 1,000 million grams (30 million ounces) of silver. They occur in Jurassic greywacke suite rocks, lower Miocene-Pliocene andesites and dacites, and upper Miocene-Pleistocene rhyolites although the deposits in the and esites and dacites produced most of the gold and silver mined. Base metal assemblages of the epithermal deposits are dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, whereas acanthite and native gold (electrum) are the most common precious metal minerals. Tellurides (e.g. hessite) and seleniferous - selenide minerals are locally important. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Near neutral or slightly alkaline fluid pH is indicated for the epithermal fluids by the occurrence of sericite and/or adularia in wall rock alteration mineral assemblages. Acidic fluids, forming kaolinite, are characteristic of late stages or near surface environments. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures, and sulphur isotope temperatures from sphalerite-galena pairs, indicate that base metal deposition occurred mainly between 320 and. 280 degrees C, precious metal assemblages predominantly in the range of 280 - 200 degrees C and late stage barite, in some deposits, generally below 200 degrees C. There is fluid inclusion evidence for boiling during mineralisation in some deposits. Apparent salinities of the epithermal fluids, determined from fluid inclusion freezing temperatures, range from 0 - 6.1 eq. wt. % NaCl. No consistent difference in average apparent salinity was recognised between the different types of epithermal deposits, although the highest recorded values were from the base metal deposits. The absence of liquid CO2 in fluid inclusions limits the maximum possible concentrat

Tertiary epithermal Au-Ag-Pb-Zn-Cu vein, and porphyry copper deposits occur in the Hauraki Province. The epithermal deposits were extensively mined for gold and silver in the late 1800's, and early 1900's and produced approximately 300 million grams (10 million ounces) of gold and 1,000 million grams (30 million ounces) of silver. They occur in Jurassic greywacke suite rocks, lower Miocene-Pliocene andesites and dacites, and upper Miocene-Pleistocene rhyolites although the deposits in the and esites and dacites produced most of the gold and silver mined. Base metal assemblages of the epithermal deposits are dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, whereas acanthite and native gold (electrum) are the most common precious metal minerals. Tellurides (e.g. hessite) and seleniferous - selenide minerals are locally important. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Near neutral or slightly alkaline fluid pH is indicated for the epithermal fluids by the occurrence of sericite and/or adularia in wall rock alteration mineral assemblages. Acidic fluids, forming kaolinite, are characteristic of late stages or near surface environments. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures, and sulphur isotope temperatures from sphalerite-galena pairs, indicate that base metal deposition occurred mainly between 320 and. 280 degrees C, precious metal assemblages predominantly in the range of 280 - 200 degrees C and late stage barite, in some deposits, generally below 200 degrees C. There is fluid inclusion evidence for boiling during mineralisation in some deposits. Apparent salinities of the epithermal fluids, determined from fluid inclusion freezing temperatures, range from 0 - 6.1 eq. wt. % NaCl. No consistent difference in average apparent salinity was recognised between the different types of epithermal deposits, although the highest recorded values were from the base metal deposits. The absence of liquid CO2 in fluid inclusions limits the maximum possible concentrat

Tertiary epithermal Au-Ag-Pb-Zn-Cu vein, and porphyry copper deposits occur in the Hauraki Province. The epithermal deposits were extensively mined for gold and silver in the late 1800's, and early 1900's and produced approximately 300 million grams (10 million ounces) of gold and 1,000 million grams (30 million ounces) of silver. They occur in Jurassic greywacke suite rocks, lower Miocene-Pliocene andesites and dacites, and upper Miocene-Pleistocene rhyolites although the deposits in the and esites and dacites produced most of the gold and silver mined. Base metal assemblages of the epithermal deposits are dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, whereas acanthite and native gold (electrum) are the most common precious metal minerals. Tellurides (e.g. hessite) and seleniferous - selenide minerals are locally important. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Near neutral or slightly alkaline fluid pH is indicated for the epithermal fluids by the occurrence of sericite and/or adularia in wall rock alteration mineral assemblages. Acidic fluids, forming kaolinite, are characteristic of late stages or near surface environments. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures, and sulphur isotope temperatures from sphalerite-galena pairs, indicate that base metal deposition occurred mainly between 320 and. 280 degrees C, precious metal assemblages predominantly in the range of 280 - 200 degrees C and late stage barite, in some deposits, generally below 200 degrees C. There is fluid inclusion evidence for boiling during mineralisation in some deposits. Apparent salinities of the epithermal fluids, determined from fluid inclusion freezing temperatures, range from 0 - 6.1 eq. wt. % NaCl. No consistent difference in average apparent salinity was recognised between the different types of epithermal deposits, although the highest recorded values were from the base metal deposits. The absence of liquid CO2 in fluid inclusions limits the maximum possible concentrat

Tertiary epithermal Au-Ag-Pb-Zn-Cu vein, and porphyry copper deposits occur in the Hauraki Province. The epithermal deposits were extensively mined for gold and silver in the late 1800's, and early 1900's and produced approximately 300 million grams (10 million ounces) of gold and 1,000 million grams (30 million ounces) of silver. They occur in Jurassic greywacke suite rocks, lower Miocene-Pliocene andesites and dacites, and upper Miocene-Pleistocene rhyolites although the deposits in the and esites and dacites produced most of the gold and silver mined. Base metal assemblages of the epithermal deposits are dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena and chalcopyrite, whereas acanthite and native gold (electrum) are the most common precious metal minerals. Tellurides (e.g. hessite) and seleniferous - selenide minerals are locally important. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Near neutral or slightly alkaline fluid pH is indicated for the epithermal fluids by the occurrence of sericite and/or adularia in wall rock alteration mineral assemblages. Acidic fluids, forming kaolinite, are characteristic of late stages or near surface environments. Fluid inclusion filling temperatures, and sulphur isotope temperatures from sphalerite-galena pairs, indicate that base metal deposition occurred mainly between 320 and. 280 degrees C, precious metal assemblages predominantly in the range of 280 - 200 degrees C and late stage barite, in some deposits, generally below 200 degrees C. There is fluid inclusion evidence for boiling during mineralisation in some deposits. Apparent salinities of the epithermal fluids, determined from fluid inclusion freezing temperatures, range from 0 - 6.1 eq. wt. % NaCl. No consistent difference in average apparent salinity was recognised between the different types of epithermal deposits, although the highest recorded values were from the base metal deposits. The absence of liquid CO2 in fluid inclusions limits the maximum possible concentrat

Coleman Livingston Blease was an active participant in South Carolina politics for over fifty years. From 1906 to 1938 he was a candidate for governor five times and the United States Senate five times. He was elected twice to the former and once to the latter. In office he had few achievements, but his entire career was marked by notoriety. Many charges of corruption were made against him, yet none was ever proven. This study concentrated on Blease's campaign style and oratory as his legacy to South Carolina politics. In his role as demogogue, he specialized in race-baiting and claimed to be the champion of the state's textile workers. Through the years he did little for his constituents other than enunciate and reinforce their prejudices. Blease was certainly one of the most flamboyant Southern demogogues to capitalize on racial prejudice. His career reflected the extent of racial antagonism in South Carolina during the first four decades of the twentieth century.