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Акватични екосистеми су данас угрожени на глобалном нивоу, стога је у циљу одрживог управљања воденим ресурсима неопходно успоставити континуирани мониторинг њиховог квалитета. Положај риба на врху ланца исхране и употреба у исхрани људи чини их важним за процену контаминације акватичних екосистема токсичним супстанцама. У оквиру ове дисертације вршена је процена дистрибуције различитих полутаната на три локације на Дунаву: Батајница, Велико ратно острво и Гроцка, у периоду од новембра 2012. године до марта 2014. године. На основу анализе релативне заступљености (абунданције) и масеног удела присутних врста риба у укупном улову, као и биолошких и еколошких карактеристика самих врста, на испитиваним локалитетима најпре јеодређенокоје врсте би могле бити оптималне индикаторске врсте, тако да су у даљим истраживањима коришћени штука, деверика, крупатица,соми смуђ. На узорцима сома,применом масене спектрометрије са индуктивно спрегнутом плазмом (ICP-MS),испитана је дистрибуција 11 елемената у ткивима, као и њихове концентрацијеу различитим сегментима мишића, шкрга, јетре и цревакако би се утврдио потенцијал коришћења ових ткива у мониторингу популација риба. Потенцијална корелација између концентрације метала и елемената у траговима у мишићу са концентрацијама у крљуштима и аналном перају испитана је на јединкама штуке, деверике, крупатице, сома и смуђа, у циљу развоја неинвазивних метода мониторинга квалитета рибљег меса. Такође, испитано је и присуство акумулације органохлорних загађивача (полихлорованих бифенила и пестицида) код јединки деверике и смуђа применом гасне хроматографије са детектором електронског захвата(GC-ECD). Хистопатолошке промене праћене су на шкргама и јетри деверике и смуђа, како би се утврдио потенцијал коришћења хистолошких анализа у развоју метода мониторинга популација риба..., Aquatic ecosystems are today globally endangered;thus, in order to ensure sustainable water resources management, it is necessary to establish continuous monitoring of their quality. Considering that fish are situated at the top of the food chain and used for human nutrition, it makes them important for the assessment of contamination of aquatic ecosystems with toxic substances. In scope of this dissertation,the estimation of the distribution of different pollutants was carried out at three localities on the Danube: Batajnica, Veliko Ratno Ostrvo, and Grocka, in the period from November 2012 to March 2014. Based on the analysis of abundance and mass fraction of individual species in the total catch, as well as their biological and ecological characteristics, the optimal indicator species for this study were determined, and accordingly the following species were used northern pike, freshwater bream, white bream, wels catfish, and pike-perch. The distribution of 11 elements wasassessed in the wels catfish tissue samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), as well as their concentrations in different segments of muscles, gills, liver, and intestine, in order to determine the potential for the use of these tissues in monitoring fish populations. The potential relationship of metal and trace element concentrations in the muscle and their concentrations in scales and anal fins was assessed in northern pike, freshwater bream, white bream, wels catfish and pike-perch in order to develop non-invasive methods for monitoring the quality of fish meat. Using the gas chromatography with electron capture detector(GC-ECD), concentrations of organochlorine pollutants (polychlorinated biphenyls and pesticides) in freshwater bream and pike-perch were determined. Histopathological changes were assessed in gills and liver of freshwater bream and pike-perch in order to determine the potential for using histological analyses in the development of methods for monitorin

Biomonitoring predstavlja neophodnu komponentu tradicionalnih tehnika monitoringa, sa ciljem da se uspostavi veza izmeŤu spoljašnjih koncentracija zagaŤivaţa, koncentracija zagaŤivaţa u tkivima bioindikatora i ranih štetnih efekata po ispitivane organizme. Ribe su korisni bioindikatori i ţesto se primenjuju u ekogenotoksikološkim ispitivanjima. U ovoj studiji, procena stanja kvaliteta površinske vode vršena je na reci Savi na lokalitetu Duboko i na reci Dunav na lokalitetu Višnjica tokom 2014. godine, kako bi se procenio uticaj razliţitih sezona na variranje parametara kvaliteta i odgovor biomarkera deverike, krupatice i crnooke deverike. Procena kvaliteta vode vršena je merenjem fiziţko-hemijskih i mikrobioloških parametara fekalnog i organskog zagaŤenja. Procena genotoksiţnog potencijala vršena je primenom alkalnog komet testa za kvantifikaciju DNK oštešenja u šelijama krvi, jetre i škrga riba, kao biomarkera izlaganja. Histopatološke promene u jetri i škrgama prašene su kao biomarker efekta. Paralelno, prašene su koncentracije metala i metaloida u jetri, škrgama, gonadama i mišišu, primenom metode ICP-OES. Na lokalitetu Višnjica zabeleţen je viši nivo fekalnog i organskog zagaŤenja. Na lokalitetu Duboko zabeleţene su više koncentracije ispitivanih elemenata u sva ţetiri tkiva, u poreŤenju sa lokalitetom Višnjica. Na oba lokaliteta škrge su akumulirale najviše koncentracije metala i metaloida, a mišiš najniţe. Na oba lokaliteta, krv je bila tkivo sa najvišim nivoom DNK oštešenja, dok je jetra tokom vešine meseci imala najniţe DNK oštešenje. Na lokalitetu Višnjica zabeleţene su više vrednosti DNK oštešenja krvi, na lokalitetu Duboko više vrednosti DNK oštešenja škrga, dok je nivo DNK oštešenja u šelijama jetre na oba lokaliteta bio pribliţno jednak. Na lokalitetu Duboko pri najvešim vrednostima histopatološkog indeksa škrga zabeleţeno je blago do umereno oštešenje, a na lokalitetu Višnjica umereno do teško oštešenje škrga. Na oba lokaliteta, jetra je bila organ sa, Biomonitoring represents an essential part of traditional monitoring techniques with the aim to establish relationship between external concentrations of pollutants, concentrations of pollutants in the tissues of bioindicators and early adverse effects in examined organisms. Fish are useful bioindicators often used in ecogenotoxicological studies. In this study, assessment of the surface water quality was performed on the Sava River locality Duboko and on the Danube River locality Višnjica during 2014 in order to examine the impact of different seasons on the variation of the quality parameters and biomarker response in common bream, white bream and white-eye bream. Assessment of the water quality was performed based on the physico-chemical parameters and microbiological parameters of fecal and organic pollution. Genotoxic potential was assessed by using the alkaline comet assay in order to quantify DNA damage level, in blood, liver and gill cells, as a biomarker of exposure. Histopathological analyses of liver and gill tissue were monitored as a biomarker of effect. Additionally, concentrations of metals and metalloids in liver, gills, gonads and muscle were performed by the ICP-OES method. The higher level of fecal and organic pollution was present on the locality Višnjica. The higher concentrations of examined elements in all four tissues were present in fish from the locality Duboko, in comparison to the locality Višnjica. At both sites gills accumulated the highest concentrations of metals and metalloids, while muscle accumulated the lowest concentrations. Blood was the tissue with the highest level of DNA damage, while liver had the lowest level of DNA damage during most of the months at both sites. Higher DNA damage level in blood cells was observed at the locality Višnjica, in gill cells at the locality Duboko, while the level of DNA damage in liver was approximately the same at both localities. Based on the highest level of histopathological index of gills

Biomonitoring predstavlja neophodnu komponentu tradicionalnih tehnika monitoringa, sa ciljem da se uspostavi veza izmeŤu spoljašnjih koncentracija zagaŤivaţa, koncentracija zagaŤivaţa u tkivima bioindikatora i ranih štetnih efekata po ispitivane organizme. Ribe su korisni bioindikatori i ţesto se primenjuju u ekogenotoksikološkim ispitivanjima. U ovoj studiji, procena stanja kvaliteta površinske vode vršena je na reci Savi na lokalitetu Duboko i na reci Dunav na lokalitetu Višnjica tokom 2014. godine, kako bi se procenio uticaj razliţitih sezona na variranje parametara kvaliteta i odgovor biomarkera deverike, krupatice i crnooke deverike. Procena kvaliteta vode vršena je merenjem fiziţko-hemijskih i mikrobioloških parametara fekalnog i organskog zagaŤenja. Procena genotoksiţnog potencijala vršena je primenom alkalnog komet testa za kvantifikaciju DNK oštešenja u šelijama krvi, jetre i škrga riba, kao biomarkera izlaganja. Histopatološke promene u jetri i škrgama prašene su kao biomarker efekta. Paralelno, prašene su koncentracije metala i metaloida u jetri, škrgama, gonadama i mišišu, primenom metode ICP-OES. Na lokalitetu Višnjica zabeleţen je viši nivo fekalnog i organskog zagaŤenja. Na lokalitetu Duboko zabeleţene su više koncentracije ispitivanih elemenata u sva ţetiri tkiva, u poreŤenju sa lokalitetom Višnjica. Na oba lokaliteta škrge su akumulirale najviše koncentracije metala i metaloida, a mišiš najniţe. Na oba lokaliteta, krv je bila tkivo sa najvišim nivoom DNK oštešenja, dok je jetra tokom vešine meseci imala najniţe DNK oštešenje. Na lokalitetu Višnjica zabeleţene su više vrednosti DNK oštešenja krvi, na lokalitetu Duboko više vrednosti DNK oštešenja škrga, dok je nivo DNK oštešenja u šelijama jetre na oba lokaliteta bio pribliţno jednak. Na lokalitetu Duboko pri najvešim vrednostima histopatološkog indeksa škrga zabeleţeno je blago do umereno oštešenje, a na lokalitetu Višnjica umereno do teško oštešenje škrga. Na oba lokaliteta, jetra je bila organ sa, Biomonitoring represents an essential part of traditional monitoring techniques with the aim to establish relationship between external concentrations of pollutants, concentrations of pollutants in the tissues of bioindicators and early adverse effects in examined organisms. Fish are useful bioindicators often used in ecogenotoxicological studies. In this study, assessment of the surface water quality was performed on the Sava River locality Duboko and on the Danube River locality Višnjica during 2014 in order to examine the impact of different seasons on the variation of the quality parameters and biomarker response in common bream, white bream and white-eye bream. Assessment of the water quality was performed based on the physico-chemical parameters and microbiological parameters of fecal and organic pollution. Genotoxic potential was assessed by using the alkaline comet assay in order to quantify DNA damage level, in blood, liver and gill cells, as a biomarker of exposure. Histopathological analyses of liver and gill tissue were monitored as a biomarker of effect. Additionally, concentrations of metals and metalloids in liver, gills, gonads and muscle were performed by the ICP-OES method. The higher level of fecal and organic pollution was present on the locality Višnjica. The higher concentrations of examined elements in all four tissues were present in fish from the locality Duboko, in comparison to the locality Višnjica. At both sites gills accumulated the highest concentrations of metals and metalloids, while muscle accumulated the lowest concentrations. Blood was the tissue with the highest level of DNA damage, while liver had the lowest level of DNA damage during most of the months at both sites. Higher DNA damage level in blood cells was observed at the locality Višnjica, in gill cells at the locality Duboko, while the level of DNA damage in liver was approximately the same at both localities. Based on the highest level of histopathological index of gills

Due to the presence of a large number of different pollutants, monitoring of the surface water quality based solely on the analysis of a limited number of xenobiotics, cannot be considered as reliable. Beside toxic, these agents can exert genotoxic effects, inducing damage in the DNA molecule, which, if not repaired, could lead to mutations and alterations in cells, tissues, organism, whole population and the ecosystem. The surface waters are under the pressure of both anthropogenic and natural sources of pollution. Additionally, extreme hydrological events, such as water scarcity and flooding, may further impair the state of freshwater bodies. Fish may be exposed to harmful substances through water, sediment and food. In ecogenotoxicity studies, gills are used as they represent the first organ in direct contact with water and waterborne pollutants, while the liver, as a key organ that controls many life functions is used as a major organ for metabolic breakdown of xenobiotics. Common bream (Abramis brama), white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) and white-eye bream (Ballerus sapa) are three closely related, benthivorous cyprinids, native for the Sava River. The sampling site Duboko (23 rkm), on the Sava River, is chosen as it is exposed to the untreated wastewater from the town of Obrenovac (more than 70,000 inhabitants), intensive agricultural activity and close proximity to the largest thermal power plant in Serbia (TENTA) and belonging ash field. This study was conducted to assess the impact of multiple stressors during different seasons on different levels of biological organization, subcellular (genotoxic effect) and cellular/tissue level (histopathological effects), in the liver and gills of three bream species. As a biomarker of exposure DNA damage was measured by applying the alkaline comet assay, while histopathological alterations were monitored as a biomarker of effect. In parallel, concentration of metals and metalloids were assessed in gills, liver and muscle. B

Object of the research: During catastrophic floods in May 2014, in the Serbian part of the Sava River, Obrenovac city was the most affected with estimation that about 90% of populated area was flooded. This had led to a complete evacuation of inhabitants, giving us an opportunity to examine effects of municipal wastewater exclusion on the microbiological quality of the Sava River. To assess the genotoxic potential of the Sava River comet assay was applied on blood cells of two cyprinid fishes. Materials and methods: Sampling was performed from January to December 2014, on the Sava River, site Duboko. Sanitary pollution was assessed by detection of total coliforms, E. coli and faecal enterococci using enzymatic methods. Organic pollution was estimated by isolation of heterotrophic bacteria on the YEA. Comet assay was performed on blood cells of white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) and white-eye bream (Ballerus sapa). Results: The lowest levels of sanitary and organic pollution were recorded during May and June when inhabitants were evacuated, indicating the role of the municipal wastewater in the pollution. The level of DNA damage in blood cells highly correlated with heavy metals in water which originate from the ash disposal field. Conclusions: Flooding have the potential to modify water quality by remobilization of pollutants already present in the environment which is reflected on the microbiological water quality and genotoxic potential measured by DNA damage.