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1. COVID-19 causes record decline in global CO2 emissions

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, He, Pan, Zhu, Biqing, Lu, Chenxi, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frederic, Wei, Yimin, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Marie, François, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, He, Pan, Zhu, Biqing, Lu, Chenxi, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frederic, Wei, Yimin, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Marie, François, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

The considerable cessation of human activities during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected global energy use and CO2 emissions. Here we show the unprecedented decrease in global fossil CO2 emissions from January to April 2020 was of 7.8% (938 Mt CO2 with a +6.8% of 2-{\sigma} uncertainty) when compared with the period last year. In addition other emerging estimates of COVID impacts based on monthly energy supply or estimated parameters, this study contributes to another step that constructed the near-real-time daily CO2 emission inventories based on activity from power generation (for 29 countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities), aviation and maritime transportation and commercial and residential sectors emissions (for 206 countries). The estimates distinguished the decline of CO2 due to COVID-19 from the daily, weekly and seasonal variations as well as the holiday events. The COVID-related decreases in CO2 emissions in road transportation (340.4 Mt CO2, -15.5%), power (292.5 Mt CO2, -6.4% compared to 2019), industry (136.2 Mt CO2, -4.4%), aviation (92.8 Mt CO2, -28.9%), residential (43.4 Mt CO2, -2.7%), and international shipping (35.9Mt CO2, -15%). Regionally, decreases in China were the largest and earliest (234.5 Mt CO2,-6.9%), followed by Europe (EU-27 & UK) (138.3 Mt CO2, -12.0%) and the U.S. (162.4 Mt CO2, -9.5%). The declines of CO2 are consistent with regional nitrogen oxides concentrations observed by satellites and ground-based networks, but the calculated signal of emissions decreases (about 1Gt CO2) will have little impacts (less than 0.13ppm by April 30, 2020) on the overserved global CO2 concertation. However, with observed fast CO2 recovery in China and partial re-opening globally, our findings suggest the longer-term effects on CO2 emissions are unknown and should be carefully monitored using multiple measures.

Published
2020

2. Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting human activities, and in turn energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Here we present daily estimates of country-level CO2 emissions for different sectors based on near-real-time activity data. The key result is an abrupt 8.8% decrease in global CO2 emissions (-1551 Mt CO2) in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The magnitude of this decrease is larger than during previous economic downturns or World War II. The timing of emissions decreases corresponds to lockdown measures in each country. By July 1st, the pandemic's effects on global emissions diminished as lockdown restrictions relaxed and some economic activities restarted, especially in China and several European countries, but substantial differences persist between countries, with continuing emission declines in the U.S. where coronavirus cases are still increasing substantially.

Published
2020

3. Author Correction: Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20254-5.

Published
2020

4. COVID-19 causes record decline in global CO2 emissions

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, He, Pan, Zhu, Biqing, Lu, Chenxi, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frederic, Wei, Yimin, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Marie, François, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, He, Pan, Zhu, Biqing, Lu, Chenxi, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frederic, Wei, Yimin, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Marie, François, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

The considerable cessation of human activities during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected global energy use and CO2 emissions. Here we show the unprecedented decrease in global fossil CO2 emissions from January to April 2020 was of 7.8% (938 Mt CO2 with a +6.8% of 2-{\sigma} uncertainty) when compared with the period last year. In addition other emerging estimates of COVID impacts based on monthly energy supply or estimated parameters, this study contributes to another step that constructed the near-real-time daily CO2 emission inventories based on activity from power generation (for 29 countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities), aviation and maritime transportation and commercial and residential sectors emissions (for 206 countries). The estimates distinguished the decline of CO2 due to COVID-19 from the daily, weekly and seasonal variations as well as the holiday events. The COVID-related decreases in CO2 emissions in road transportation (340.4 Mt CO2, -15.5%), power (292.5 Mt CO2, -6.4% compared to 2019), industry (136.2 Mt CO2, -4.4%), aviation (92.8 Mt CO2, -28.9%), residential (43.4 Mt CO2, -2.7%), and international shipping (35.9Mt CO2, -15%). Regionally, decreases in China were the largest and earliest (234.5 Mt CO2,-6.9%), followed by Europe (EU-27 & UK) (138.3 Mt CO2, -12.0%) and the U.S. (162.4 Mt CO2, -9.5%). The declines of CO2 are consistent with regional nitrogen oxides concentrations observed by satellites and ground-based networks, but the calculated signal of emissions decreases (about 1Gt CO2) will have little impacts (less than 0.13ppm by April 30, 2020) on the overserved global CO2 concertation. However, with observed fast CO2 recovery in China and partial re-opening globally, our findings suggest the longer-term effects on CO2 emissions are unknown and should be carefully monitored using multiple measures.

Published
2020

5. Author Correction: Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20254-5.

Published
2020

6. Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Liu, Zhu, Liu, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Deng, Zhu, Lei, Ruixue, Davis, Steven J, Feng, Sha, Zheng, Bo, Cui, Duo, Dou, Xinyu, Zhu, Biqing, Guo, Rui, Ke, Piyu, Sun, Taochun, Lu, Chenxi, He, Pan, Wang, Yuan, Yue, Xu, Wang, Yilong, Lei, Yadong, Zhou, Hao, Cai, Zhaonan, Wu, Yuhui, Guo, Runtao, Han, Tingxuan, Xue, Jinjun, Boucher, Olivier, Boucher, Eulalie, Chevallier, Frédéric, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Wei, Yiming, Zhong, Haiwang, Kang, Chongqing, Zhang, Ning, Chen, Bin, Xi, Fengming, Liu, Miaomiao, Bréon, François-Marie, Lu, Yonglong, Zhang, Qiang, Guan, Dabo, Gong, Peng, Kammen, Daniel M, He, Kebin, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting human activities, and in turn energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Here we present daily estimates of country-level CO2 emissions for different sectors based on near-real-time activity data. The key result is an abrupt 8.8% decrease in global CO2 emissions (-1551 Mt CO2) in the first half of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The magnitude of this decrease is larger than during previous economic downturns or World War II. The timing of emissions decreases corresponds to lockdown measures in each country. By July 1st, the pandemic's effects on global emissions diminished as lockdown restrictions relaxed and some economic activities restarted, especially in China and several European countries, but substantial differences persist between countries, with continuing emission declines in the U.S. where coronavirus cases are still increasing substantially.

Published
2020

7. Validation of 10-year SAO OMI Ozone Profile (PROFOZ) product using ozonesonde observations

Author

50192604, Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Ancellet, Gérard, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Michael J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matthew B., Van Malderen, Roeland, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., Yela, Margarita, 50192604, Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Ancellet, Gérard, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Michael J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matthew B., Van Malderen, Roeland, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., and Yela, Margarita

Abstract

We validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Ozone Profile (PROFOZ) product from October 2004 through December 2014 retrieved by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) algorithm against ozonesonde observations. We also evaluate the effects of OMI row anomaly (RA) on the retrieval by dividing the dataset into before and after the occurrence of serious OMI RA, i.e., pre-RA (2004–2008) and post-RA (2009–2014). The retrieval shows good agreement with ozonesondes in the tropics and midlatitudes and for pressure < ∼ 50 hPa in the high latitudes. It demonstrates clear improvement over the a priori down to the lower troposphere in the tropics and down to an average of ∼ 550 (300) hPa at middle (high) latitudes. In the tropics and midlatitudes, the profile mean biases (MBs) are less than 6 %, and the standard deviations (SDs) range from 5 to 10 % for pressure < ∼ 50 hPa to less than 18 % (27 %) in the tropics (midlatitudes) for pressure > ∼ 50 hPa after applying OMI averaging kernels to ozonesonde data. The MBs of the stratospheric ozone column (SOC, the ozone column from the tropopause pressure to the ozonesonde burst pressure) are within 2 % with SDs of < 5 % and the MBs of the tropospheric ozone column (TOC) are within 6 % with SDs of 15 %. In the high latitudes, the profile MBs are within 10 % with SDs of 5–15 % for pressure < ∼ 50 hPa but increase to 30 % with SDs as great as 40 % for pressure > ∼ 50 hPa. The SOC MBs increase up to 3 % with SDs as great as 6 % and the TOC SDs increase up to 30 %. The comparison generally degrades at larger solar zenith angles (SZA) due to weaker signals and additional sources of error, leading to worse performance at high latitudes and during the midlatitude winter. Agreement also degrades with increasing cloudiness for pressure > ∼ 100 hPa and varies with cross-track position, especially with large MBs and SDs at extreme off-nadir positions. In the tropics and midlatitudes, the post-RA comparison is considerably wo

Published
2017

8. Validation of 10-year SAO OMI Ozone Profile (PROFOZ) Product Using Ozonesonde Observations

Author

Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Mike J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matt, van Malderen, Roeland, Vaughan, Geraint, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., Yela, Margarita, Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Mike J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matt, van Malderen, Roeland, Vaughan, Geraint, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., and Yela, Margarita

Abstract

We validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ozone-profile (PROFOZ) product from October 2004 through December 2014 retrieved by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) algorithm against ozonesonde observations. We also evaluate the effects of OMI Row anomaly (RA) on the retrieval by dividing the data set into before and after the occurrence of serious OMI RA, i.e., pre-RA (2004–2008) and post-RA (2009–2014). The retrieval shows good agreement with ozonesondes in the tropics and mid-latitudes and for pressure < ~ 50 hPa in the high latitudes. It demonstrates clear improvement over the a priori down to the lower troposphere in the tropics and down to an average of ~ 550 (300) hPa at middle (high latitudes). In the tropics and mid-latitudes, the profile mean biases (MBs) are less than 6 %, and the standard deviations (SDs) range from 5–10 % for pressure < ~ 50 hPa to less than 18 % (27 %) in the tropics (mid-latitudes) for pressure > ~ 50 hPa after applying OMI averaging kernels to ozonesonde data. The MBs of the stratospheric ozone column (SOC) are within 2 % with SDs of < 5 % and the MBs of the tropospheric ozone column (TOC) are within 6 % with SDs of 15 %. In the high latitudes, the profile MBs are within 10 % with SDs of 5–15 % for pressure < ~ 50 hPa, but increase to 30 % with SDs as great as 40 % for pressure > ~ 50 hPa. The SOC MBs increase up to 3 % with SDs as great as 6 % and the TOC SDs increase up to 30 %. The comparison generally degrades at larger solar-zenith angles (SZA) due to weaker signals and additional sources of error, leading to worse performance at high latitudes and during the mid-latitude winter. Agreement also degrades with increasing cloudiness for pressure > ~ 100 hPa and varies with cross-track position, especially with large MBs and SDs at extreme off-nadir positions. In the tropics and mid-latitudes, the post-RA comparison is considerably worse with larger SDs reaching 2 % in the stratosphere and 8 % in the troposphere and

Published
2017

9. Validation of 10-year SAO OMI Ozone Profile (PROFOZ) Product Using Ozonesonde Observations

Author

Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Mike J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matt, van Malderen, Roeland, Vaughan, Geraint, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., Yela, Margarita, Huang, Guanyu, Liu, Xiong, Chance, Kelly, Yang, Kai, Bhartia, Pawan K., Cai, Zhaonan, Allaart, Marc, Calpini, Bertrand, Coetzee, Gerrie J. R., Cuevas-Agulló, Emilio, Cupeiro, Manuel, De Backer, Hugo, Dubey, Manvendra K., Fuelberg, Henry E., Fujiwara, Masatomo, Godin-Beekmann, Sophie, Hall, Tristan J., Johnson, Bryan, Joseph, Everette, Kivi, Rigel, Kois, Bogumil, Komala, Ninong, König-Langlo, Gert, Laneve, Giovanni, Leblanc, Thierry, Marchand, Marion, Minschwaner, Kenneth R., Morris, Gary, Newchurch, Mike J., Ogino, Shin-Ya, Ohkawara, Nozomu, Piters, Ankie J. M., Posny, Françoise, Querel, Richard, Scheele, Rinus, Schmidlin, Frank J., Schnell, Russell C., Schrems, Otto, Selkirk, Henry, Shiotani, Masato, Skrivánková, Pavla, Stübi, René, Taha, Ghassan, Tarasick, David W., Thompson, Anne M., Thouret, Valérie, Tully, Matt, van Malderen, Roeland, Vaughan, Geraint, Vömel, Holger, von der Gathen, Peter, Witte, Jacquelyn C., and Yela, Margarita

Abstract

We validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ozone-profile (PROFOZ) product from October 2004 through December 2014 retrieved by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) algorithm against ozonesonde observations. We also evaluate the effects of OMI Row anomaly (RA) on the retrieval by dividing the data set into before and after the occurrence of serious OMI RA, i.e., pre-RA (2004–2008) and post-RA (2009–2014). The retrieval shows good agreement with ozonesondes in the tropics and mid-latitudes and for pressure < ~ 50 hPa in the high latitudes. It demonstrates clear improvement over the a priori down to the lower troposphere in the tropics and down to an average of ~ 550 (300) hPa at middle (high latitudes). In the tropics and mid-latitudes, the profile mean biases (MBs) are less than 6 %, and the standard deviations (SDs) range from 5–10 % for pressure < ~ 50 hPa to less than 18 % (27 %) in the tropics (mid-latitudes) for pressure > ~ 50 hPa after applying OMI averaging kernels to ozonesonde data. The MBs of the stratospheric ozone column (SOC) are within 2 % with SDs of < 5 % and the MBs of the tropospheric ozone column (TOC) are within 6 % with SDs of 15 %. In the high latitudes, the profile MBs are within 10 % with SDs of 5–15 % for pressure < ~ 50 hPa, but increase to 30 % with SDs as great as 40 % for pressure > ~ 50 hPa. The SOC MBs increase up to 3 % with SDs as great as 6 % and the TOC SDs increase up to 30 %. The comparison generally degrades at larger solar-zenith angles (SZA) due to weaker signals and additional sources of error, leading to worse performance at high latitudes and during the mid-latitude winter. Agreement also degrades with increasing cloudiness for pressure > ~ 100 hPa and varies with cross-track position, especially with large MBs and SDs at extreme off-nadir positions. In the tropics and mid-latitudes, the post-RA comparison is considerably worse with larger SDs reaching 2 % in the stratosphere and 8 % in the troposphere and

Published
2017

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