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1. Atomic Dispersion via High-Entropy Liquid Metal Alloys

Author: Allioux, F-M, Nazari, S, Ghasemian, MB, Zavabeti, A, Pei, Z, Leverett, J, Rafiezadeh, S, Salih, AK, Irvine, CP, Baharfar, M, Bardet, L, Widjajana, MS, Chi, Y, Esrafilzadeh, D, Jalili, AR, Haghdadi, N, Tang, J, Laws, KJ, Ton-That, C, Daeneke, T, Daiyan, R, Rahim, MA, Kalantar-Zadeh, K, Allioux, F-M, Nazari, S, Ghasemian, MB, Zavabeti, A, Pei, Z, Leverett, J, Rafiezadeh, S, Salih, AK, Irvine, CP, Baharfar, M, Bardet, L, Widjajana, MS, Chi, Y, Esrafilzadeh, D, Jalili, AR, Haghdadi, N, Tang, J, Laws, KJ, Ton-That, C, Daeneke, T, Daiyan, R, Rahim, MA, and Kalantar-Zadeh, K
Abstract: Gallium‐based liquid metal alloys exhibit unconventional and intriguing properties as metallic solvents, demonstrating an exceptional potential to dissolve and reconfigure a vast array of elements within the liquid metal matrix. Leveraging on these distinctive characteristics of gallium‐based alloys, the synthesis of high‐entropy liquid metal alloys (HELMAs) in low dimensions is reported. The nanoscale HELMAs offer advantages including the solvation of multiple metallic elements at room temperature, while promoting their atomic dispersion at elevated concentrations. Entropy estimations for HELMAs surpass those of high‐temperature molten metals, leading to the realization of high‐entropy liquid metal systems at room temperature. Through a proof‐of‐concept hydrogen evolution reaction comparison, the potential of these HELMAs in enhancing the activities of nanocatalysts is demonstrated. In this case, atomic dispersion of Pt is shown in senary GaIn‐AuCuPtPd HELMA, contrasting with lower entropy systems in which Pt forms discernible clusters. These presented features can lead to catalytic systems with enhanced and tailored activities.
Published: 2024

2. A comprehensive assessment of carbon dioxide removal options for Germany

Author: Borchers, Malgorzata, Förster, Johannes, Thrän, Daniela, Beck, Silke, Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Korte, Klaas, Gawel, Erik, Markus, Till, Schaller, Romina Luz, Rhoden, I., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Kalhori, A., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Li, Z., Oschlies, A., Reusch, T.B.H., Sachs, T., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Stevenson, A., Wu, J., Yeates, C., Mengis, N., Borchers, Malgorzata, Förster, Johannes, Thrän, Daniela, Beck, Silke, Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Korte, Klaas, Gawel, Erik, Markus, Till, Schaller, Romina Luz, Rhoden, I., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Kalhori, A., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Li, Z., Oschlies, A., Reusch, T.B.H., Sachs, T., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Stevenson, A., Wu, J., Yeates, C., and Mengis, N.
Abstract: To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, including three chemical carbon capture options, six options for bioenergy combined with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and five options that aim to increase ecosystem carbon uptake. The assessment addresses technological, economic, environmental, institutional, social-cultural and systemic considerations using a traffic-light system to evaluate implementation opportunities and hurdles. We find that in Germany CDR options like cover crops or seagrass restoration currently face comparably low implementation hurdles in terms of technological, economic, or environmental feasibility and low institutional or social opposition but show comparably small CO2 removal potentials. In contrast, some BECCS options that show high CDR potentials face significant techno-economic, societal and institutional hurdles when it comes to the geological storage of CO2. While a combination of CDR options is likely required to meet the net-zero target in Germany, the current climate protection law includes a limited set of options. Our analysis aims to provide comprehensive information on CDR hurdles and possibilities for Germany for use in further research on CDR options, climate, and energy scenario development, as well as an effective decision support basis for various actors.
Published: 2024

3. Evaluating Large Language Models for Public Health Classification and Extraction Tasks

Author: Harris, Joshua, Laurence, Timothy, Loman, Leo, Grayson, Fan, Nonnenmacher, Toby, Long, Harry, WalsGriffith, Loes, Douglas, Amy, Fountain, Holly, Georgiou, Stelios, Hardstaff, Jo, Hopkins, Kathryn, Chi, Y-Ling, Kuyumdzhieva, Galena, Larkin, Lesley, Collins, Samuel, Mohammed, Hamish, Finnie, Thomas, Hounsome, Luke, Riley, Steven, Harris, Joshua, Laurence, Timothy, Loman, Leo, Grayson, Fan, Nonnenmacher, Toby, Long, Harry, WalsGriffith, Loes, Douglas, Amy, Fountain, Holly, Georgiou, Stelios, Hardstaff, Jo, Hopkins, Kathryn, Chi, Y-Ling, Kuyumdzhieva, Galena, Larkin, Lesley, Collins, Samuel, Mohammed, Hamish, Finnie, Thomas, Hounsome, Luke, and Riley, Steven
Abstract: Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant interest in their potential to support human experts across a range of domains, including public health. In this work we present automated evaluations of LLMs for public health tasks involving the classification and extraction of free text. We combine six externally annotated datasets with seven new internally annotated datasets to evaluate LLMs for processing text related to: health burden, epidemiological risk factors, and public health interventions. We initially evaluate five open-weight LLMs (7-70 billion parameters) across all tasks using zero-shot in-context learning. We find that Llama-3-70B-Instruct is the highest performing model, achieving the best results on 15/17 tasks (using micro-F1 scores). We see significant variation across tasks with all open-weight LLMs scoring below 60% micro-F1 on some challenging tasks, such as Contact Classification, while all LLMs achieve greater than 80% micro-F1 on others, such as GI Illness Classification. For a subset of 12 tasks, we also evaluate GPT-4 and find comparable results to Llama-3-70B-Instruct, which scores equally or outperforms GPT-4 on 6 of the 12 tasks. Overall, based on these initial results we find promising signs that LLMs may be useful tools for public health experts to extract information from a wide variety of free text sources, and support public health surveillance, research, and interventions., Comment: 33 pages. Feedback and comments are highly appreciated
Published: 2024

4. Netto-Null-2050 Wegweiser - Strategische Handlungsempfehlungen und mögliche Wege für ein CO2-neutrales Deutschland bis 2050, Forschung von 2019 bis 2021 - Version 1.0

Author: Abetz, V., Baetcke, L., Ball, C., Bauer, F., Beck, Silke, Berkel, M., Blome, T., Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, T., Bruhn, D., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Dornheim, M., El Zhobi, J., Fogel, S., Förster, Johannes, Fuchs, S., Gardian, H., Gawel, Erik, Görl, K., Groth, M., Hamedimastanabad, H., Hampel, U., Harpprecht, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Jacob, D., Kalhori, A., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Klassen, T., Köhnke, F., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Korte, Klaas, Kuckshinrichs, W., Li, Z., Markus, Till, Mayer, M., Mengis, N., Monnerie, N., O Corcora, T., Oschlies, A., Pardo Parez, L.C., Prats Salvado, E., Pregger, T., Preuschmann, S., Rau, B., Rechid, D., Reusch, T., Rhoden, I., Riehm, J., Roeb, M., Rolletter, M., Sachs, T., Sattler, C., Sauer, J., Schaller, Romina Luz ; orcid:0000-0003-2245-046X, Schätzler, K., Schill, E., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Schultz, M., Simon, S., Steiner, U., Steuri, B., Stevenson, A., Sun, J., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Thrän, Daniela, Unger, S., Vögele, S., Waczowicz, S., Weihermüller, L., Xiao, M., Yeates, C., Zwickel, P., Abetz, V., Baetcke, L., Ball, C., Bauer, F., Beck, Silke, Berkel, M., Blome, T., Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, T., Bruhn, D., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Dornheim, M., El Zhobi, J., Fogel, S., Förster, Johannes, Fuchs, S., Gardian, H., Gawel, Erik, Görl, K., Groth, M., Hamedimastanabad, H., Hampel, U., Harpprecht, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Jacob, D., Kalhori, A., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Klassen, T., Köhnke, F., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Korte, Klaas, Kuckshinrichs, W., Li, Z., Markus, Till, Mayer, M., Mengis, N., Monnerie, N., O Corcora, T., Oschlies, A., Pardo Parez, L.C., Prats Salvado, E., Pregger, T., Preuschmann, S., Rau, B., Rechid, D., Reusch, T., Rhoden, I., Riehm, J., Roeb, M., Rolletter, M., Sachs, T., Sattler, C., Sauer, J., Schaller, Romina Luz ; orcid:0000-0003-2245-046X, Schätzler, K., Schill, E., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Schultz, M., Simon, S., Steiner, U., Steuri, B., Stevenson, A., Sun, J., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Thrän, Daniela, Unger, S., Vögele, S., Waczowicz, S., Weihermüller, L., Xiao, M., Yeates, C., and Zwickel, P.
Published: 2023

5. Mechanical and fracture properties of sugar beetroot-based nanosheets (SNS) doped cementitious composites

Author: Huang, B., Chi, Y., Wang, J., Wang, G., Ye, J., Whale, E., Hepworth, D., Saafi, M., Huang, B., Chi, Y., Wang, J., Wang, G., Ye, J., Whale, E., Hepworth, D., and Saafi, M.
Abstract: This paper examines the mechanical and fracture properties of cementitious composites doped with a new type of 2D bio-nanoplatelets sheets, synthesized from sugar beet pulp waste. The sugar beetroot nanosheets (SNS) were added to the cement pastes at different concentrations. The influence of SNS treatment and water-to-cement (w/c) ratio on the performance of the cementitious composites was elucidated. The experimental results showed that 0.2- wt% and 0.35 were the optimal SNS concentration and w/c ratio for increasing the compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength, flexural modulus, fracture energy and fracture toughness. These properties were enhanced by as much as 12.15%, 36.87%, 39.91%, 32.69%, 69.01% and 49.06%, respectively. This enhancement was due to crack deflection and crack bridging mechanisms in the cementitious composites as a result of the high specific surface area of SNS and the strong chemical and physical bonding of SNS with the hydration phases. The SNS materials offers strong advantages over graphene-based materials on improving the engineering properties of cementitious materials and reducing their cost and CO2 emissions.
Published: 2023

6. Influence of sugar beetroot microsheets on the hydration kinetics of cementitious composites : Electrochemical characterization

Author: Huang, B., Chi, Y., Almotlaq, T., Wang, J., Saafi, M., Ye, J., Sun, J., Wang, Y., Ye, Jianqiao, Huang, B., Chi, Y., Almotlaq, T., Wang, J., Saafi, M., Ye, J., Sun, J., Wang, Y., and Ye, Jianqiao
Abstract: This paper examines the influence of novel sugar beetroot-based micro sheets (SMSs) on the hydration of cement. The SMS material was added to cement pastes in different concentrations and the hydration kinetics of the cementitious composites were studied via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The effect of SMS on the hydration development of cement, change in the pore size distribution and microstructural evolution were also quantified. The CV and EIS results revealed that the synergetic effect of the reactive SMS surface functional groups and tricalcium silicate (C3S) increased the ionic strength of the pore solution, ion diffusion rate and charge transport properties within the cementitious pastes. The CV and EIS measurements correlated well with the two main indicators of the cement hydration rate: the degree of hydration (DOH) and the calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) content. The delineated hydration kinetics suggested that the SMS sheets accelerate the dissolution of C3S and increase the hydration depth by channelling water from the pore solution to the unhydrated cement core thereby amplifying the growth of the hydration phases. As a result, the mechanical properties of the SMS doped cementitious composites were improved. The proposed SMS sheets are a potential sustainable and renewable biomaterial for improving the performance and reducing the carbon footprint of cementitious materials.
Published: 2023

7. Netto-Null-2050 Wegweiser - Strategische Handlungsempfehlungen und mögliche Wege für ein CO2-neutrales Deutschland bis 2050, Forschung von 2019 bis 2021 - Version 1.0

Author: Abetz, V., Baetcke, L., Ball, C., Bauer, F., Beck, Silke, Berkel, M., Blome, T., Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, T., Bruhn, D., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Dornheim, M., El Zhobi, J., Fogel, S., Förster, Johannes, Fuchs, S., Gardian, H., Gawel, Erik, Görl, K., Groth, M., Hamedimastanabad, H., Hampel, U., Harpprecht, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Jacob, D., Kalhori, A., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Klassen, T., Köhnke, F., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Korte, Klaas, Kuckshinrichs, W., Li, Z., Markus, Till, Mayer, M., Mengis, N., Monnerie, N., O Corcora, T., Oschlies, A., Pardo Parez, L.C., Prats Salvado, E., Pregger, T., Preuschmann, S., Rau, B., Rechid, D., Reusch, T., Rhoden, I., Riehm, J., Roeb, M., Rolletter, M., Sachs, T., Sattler, C., Sauer, J., Schaller, Romina Luz, Schätzler, K., Schill, E., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Schultz, M., Simon, S., Steiner, U., Steuri, B., Stevenson, A., Sun, J., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Thrän, Daniela, Unger, S., Vögele, S., Waczowicz, S., Weihermüller, L., Xiao, M., Yeates, C., Zwickel, P., Abetz, V., Baetcke, L., Ball, C., Bauer, F., Beck, Silke, Berkel, M., Blome, T., Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, T., Bruhn, D., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Dornheim, M., El Zhobi, J., Fogel, S., Förster, Johannes, Fuchs, S., Gardian, H., Gawel, Erik, Görl, K., Groth, M., Hamedimastanabad, H., Hampel, U., Harpprecht, C., Herbst, M., Heß, D., Jacob, D., Kalhori, A., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Klassen, T., Köhnke, F., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Korte, Klaas, Kuckshinrichs, W., Li, Z., Markus, Till, Mayer, M., Mengis, N., Monnerie, N., O Corcora, T., Oschlies, A., Pardo Parez, L.C., Prats Salvado, E., Pregger, T., Preuschmann, S., Rau, B., Rechid, D., Reusch, T., Rhoden, I., Riehm, J., Roeb, M., Rolletter, M., Sachs, T., Sattler, C., Sauer, J., Schaller, Romina Luz, Schätzler, K., Schill, E., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Schultz, M., Simon, S., Steiner, U., Steuri, B., Stevenson, A., Sun, J., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Thrän, Daniela, Unger, S., Vögele, S., Waczowicz, S., Weihermüller, L., Xiao, M., Yeates, C., and Zwickel, P.
Published: 2023

8. Scoping carbon dioxide removal options for Germany–What is their potential contribution to Net-Zero CO2?

Author: Borchers, Malgorzata, Thrän, Daniela, Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Förster, Johannes, Herbst, M., Heß, D., Kalhori, A., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Li, Z., Mengis, N., Reusch, T.B., Rhoden, I., Sachs, T., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Stevenson, A., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Wu, J., Yeates, C., Borchers, Malgorzata, Thrän, Daniela, Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Förster, Johannes, Herbst, M., Heß, D., Kalhori, A., Koop-Jakobsen, K., Li, Z., Mengis, N., Reusch, T.B., Rhoden, I., Sachs, T., Schmidt-Hattenberger, C., Stevenson, A., Thoni, Terese Elisabeth, Wu, J., and Yeates, C.
Abstract: The Paris climate agreement outlines that, to meet its temperature goal, we need to balance anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions with sinks. Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) is considered a key element to reaching that goal. There are currently a wide variety of CDR measures available. Their implementation, and accordingly their potential, however, depends on site specific conditions, such as biophysical conditions, availability of infrastructure, social acceptance, regulatory frameworks and policy instruments in place. In our study we investigated various near-to-market CDR options for Germany, which we present in the form of thirteen dedicated model concepts. They cover technical CO2 removal (two models of direct air carbon capture, i.e. DACC), hybrid solutions (six bioenergy with carbon capture technologies, i.e., BECC) and five options for natural sink enhancement, so-called Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). Our estimates for their CO2 removal potentials in 2050 range from 0.4 to 30 million tonnes CO2, depending on the option. Ten of thirteen model concepts provide technical removal potentials higher than 1 million tonnes CO2 per year. To complement the necessary information on technology-based and hybrid options we also provide an overview on possible solutions for CO2 storage for Germany. Taking biophysical conditions and infrastructure into account, northern Germany seems a preferable area for deployment of many concepts. However, for their successful implementation further socio-economic analysis, clear regulations, and policy incentives are necessary.
Published: 2022

9. Considering equity in priority setting using transmission models:Recommendations and data needs

Author: Quaife, M., Medley, G. F., Jit, M., Drake, T., Asaria, M., van Baal, P., Baltussen, R., Bollinger, L., Bozzani, F., Brady, O., Broekhuizen, H., Chalkidou, K., Chi, Y. L., Dowdy, D. W., Griffin, S., Haghparast-Bidgoli, H., Hallett, T., Hauck, K., Hollingsworth, T. D., McQuaid, C. F., Menzies, N. A., Merritt, M. W., Mirelman, A., Morton, A., Ruiz, F. J., Siapka, M., Skordis, J., Tediosi, F., Walker, P., White, R. G., Winskill, P., Vassall, A., Gomez, G. B., Quaife, M., Medley, G. F., Jit, M., Drake, T., Asaria, M., van Baal, P., Baltussen, R., Bollinger, L., Bozzani, F., Brady, O., Broekhuizen, H., Chalkidou, K., Chi, Y. L., Dowdy, D. W., Griffin, S., Haghparast-Bidgoli, H., Hallett, T., Hauck, K., Hollingsworth, T. D., McQuaid, C. F., Menzies, N. A., Merritt, M. W., Mirelman, A., Morton, A., Ruiz, F. J., Siapka, M., Skordis, J., Tediosi, F., Walker, P., White, R. G., Winskill, P., Vassall, A., and Gomez, G. B.
Abstract: Objectives: Disease transmission models are used in impact assessment and economic evaluations of infectious disease prevention and treatment strategies, prominently so in the COVID-19 response. These models rarely consider dimensions of equity relating to the differential health burden between individuals and groups. We describe concepts and approaches which are useful when considering equity in the priority setting process, and outline the technical choices concerning model structure, outputs, and data requirements needed to use transmission models in analyses of health equity. Methods: We reviewed the literature on equity concepts and approaches to their application in economic evaluation and undertook a technical consultation on how equity can be incorporated in priority setting for infectious disease control. The technical consultation brought together health economists with an interest in equity-informative economic evaluation, ethicists specialising in public health, mathematical modellers from various disease backgrounds, and representatives of global health funding and technical assistance organisations, to formulate key areas of consensus and recommendations. Results: We provide a series of recommendations for applying the Reference Case for Economic Evaluation in Global Health to infectious disease interventions, comprising guidance on 1) the specification of equity concepts; 2) choice of evaluation framework; 3) model structure; and 4) data needs. We present available conceptual and analytical choices, for example how correlation between different equity- and disease-relevant strata should be considered dependent on available data, and outline how assumptions and data limitations can be reported transparently by noting key factors for consideration. Conclusions: Current developments in economic evaluations in global health provide a wide range of methodologies to incorporate equity into economic evaluations. Those employing infectious disease models n
Published: 2022

10. Many-objective robust optimization for dynamic VAR planning to enhance voltage stability of a wind-energy power system

Author: Chi, Y, Xu, Y, Zhang, R, Chi, Y, Xu, Y, and Zhang, R
Abstract: Growing integration of wind power and increasing use of induction motor loads dramatically affect a power system's dynamic performance. To address the challenges, this paper proposes a robust dynamic VAR planning method to enhance the voltage stability of wind energy power systems under uncertainty. Firstly, two indices are developed to evaluate the steady-state and the short-term voltage stability of the system. Then, a robustness index is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the robust optimality of the solutions, considering the uncertainties from wind power output and STATCOMs initial state before a contingency. Four objectives are optimized simultaneously: 1) total planning cost, 2) short-term voltage stability index, 3) steady-state voltage stability index, and 4) robustness of the solutions. Finally, an Adaptive Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-III based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (A-NSGA-III-LHS)is designed to solve this many-objective optimization problem with 3 improvements over the standard NSGA-III: 1) adaptive mutation rate, 2) Differential Evolution operator, 3) Latin Hypercube Sampling based initial population generation. The proposed method is tested on the New England 39-bus system with an industry-standard complex load model, showing high robust optimality and computational efficiency over conventional methods.
Published: 2021

11. Treatment of electric vehicle battery waste in China: A review of existing policies

Author: Li, W, Yang, M, Long, R, Mamaril, K, Chi, Y, Li, W, Yang, M, Long, R, Mamaril, K, and Chi, Y
Abstract: This paper reviews existing policies for supporting the treatment of electric vehicle (EV) battery waste in China, and identifies some of their major shortcomings that policy makers may like to consider while making policy decisions. The shortcomings of existing policies identified in this paper include: 1) no clear provisions for historical and orphan batteries; 2) no target for battery collection; 3) unclear definition of the scope of authority among various central and local agencies involved in the regulation of waste battery treatment; 4) unclear requirements for data auditing and verification for tracking the entire life cycle of EV batteries; 5) limited consideration of the challenges to ensure stakeholder cooperation; and 6) no explicit specification of the mechanisms for financing waste battery treatment. This paper also makes some practical policy suggestions for overcoming these shortcomings.
Published: 2021

12. Experimental study and DEM modelling of bolted composite lap joints subjected to tension

Author: Yu, M., Yang, B., Chi, Y., Xie, J., Ye, J., Yu, M., Yang, B., Chi, Y., Xie, J., and Ye, J.
Abstract: This paper presents a numerical approach using the discrete element method to predict strength and damage propagation of plates and bolted lap joints subjected to axial tension. Tensile tests on GFRP plates and bolted joints are carried to obtained their overall stiffness and strength. A new three-dimensional discrete element model constructed by a 19-ball assembly is proposed and the relationships between the macro and the micro mechanical properties of FRP is established through calibrations using the test results. The calibrated DEM model is then used to reproduce the test results. Excellent agreements are achieved between the numerical and the experimental results in terms of not only the overall failure loads, but also the detailed failure modes, including cracking and delamination. The research shows great potential of the DEM model in predicting strength of composite materials and presenting detailed local damage and damage propagation at micro-scale, which represents a significant advantage over the conventional numerical methods, such as the finite element method. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Published: 2020

13. A unified method for calculating the fire resistance of concrete-filled steel tube with fire protection under combined loading

Author: Yu, M., Hu, X., Chi, Y., Ye, J., Yu, M., Hu, X., Chi, Y., and Ye, J.
Abstract: Prediction of temperature field is a critical step in the fire resistance design of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST). Theoretically, this step is to solve a transient heat conduction problem defined in a composite medium, of which analytical solutions are either very complex or not available in an explicit form. Though the problem can be solved satisfactorily by various numerical methods, it is not easy and convenient for engineers to implement the methods in practical design or include them in design codes. It has been shown recently, instead of calculating the distribution of temperature, the average temperature over the cross section of a CFST can be used in the calculation of its fire resistance. Based on the average temperature, this paper aims at providing a unified analytical solution for calculating fire resistance of circular and equilateral polygonal CFST columns with or without protection. A simplified method for calculating average temperature over a CFST cross section with or without protective coating is developed and validated, which can take the effect of cross sectional shape and material thermal properties into consideration. The simple temperature calculation method is incorporated into the unified method to calculate the fire resistance of CFST columns with or without protective coating. Comparisons are made between the calculation results using the new equations with those from other existing methods and experiments, which suggest that the newly developed unified method can predict the average temperature and the fire resistance f CFST columns satisfactorily.
Published: 2020

14. Experimental study and DEM modelling of bolted composite lap joints subjected to tension

Author: Yu, M., Yang, B., Chi, Y., Xie, J., Ye, J., Yu, M., Yang, B., Chi, Y., Xie, J., and Ye, J.
Abstract: This paper presents a numerical approach using the discrete element method to predict strength and damage propagation of plates and bolted lap joints subjected to axial tension. Tensile tests on GFRP plates and bolted joints are carried to obtained their overall stiffness and strength. A new three-dimensional discrete element model constructed by a 19-ball assembly is proposed and the relationships between the macro and the micro mechanical properties of FRP is established through calibrations using the test results. The calibrated DEM model is then used to reproduce the test results. Excellent agreements are achieved between the numerical and the experimental results in terms of not only the overall failure loads, but also the detailed failure modes, including cracking and delamination. The research shows great potential of the DEM model in predicting strength of composite materials and presenting detailed local damage and damage propagation at micro-scale, which represents a significant advantage over the conventional numerical methods, such as the finite element method. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Published: 2020

15. A unified method for calculating the fire resistance of concrete-filled steel tube with fire protection under combined loading

Author: Yu, M., Hu, X., Chi, Y., Ye, J., Yu, M., Hu, X., Chi, Y., and Ye, J.
Abstract: Prediction of temperature field is a critical step in the fire resistance design of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST). Theoretically, this step is to solve a transient heat conduction problem defined in a composite medium, of which analytical solutions are either very complex or not available in an explicit form. Though the problem can be solved satisfactorily by various numerical methods, it is not easy and convenient for engineers to implement the methods in practical design or include them in design codes. It has been shown recently, instead of calculating the distribution of temperature, the average temperature over the cross section of a CFST can be used in the calculation of its fire resistance. Based on the average temperature, this paper aims at providing a unified analytical solution for calculating fire resistance of circular and equilateral polygonal CFST columns with or without protection. A simplified method for calculating average temperature over a CFST cross section with or without protective coating is developed and validated, which can take the effect of cross sectional shape and material thermal properties into consideration. The simple temperature calculation method is incorporated into the unified method to calculate the fire resistance of CFST columns with or without protective coating. Comparisons are made between the calculation results using the new equations with those from other existing methods and experiments, which suggest that the newly developed unified method can predict the average temperature and the fire resistance f CFST columns satisfactorily.
Published: 2020

16. Filament rotation in the California L1482 cloud

Author: Álvarez-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo H., Stutz, Amelia M., Law, Chi Y., Reissl, Stefan, Klessen, Ralf S., Leigh, Nathan W. C., Liu, Hong-Li, Reeves, Rodrigo A., Álvarez-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo H., Stutz, Amelia M., Law, Chi Y., Reissl, Stefan, Klessen, Ralf S., Leigh, Nathan W. C., Liu, Hong-Li, and Reeves, Rodrigo A.
Abstract: We analyze the gas mass distribution, the gas kinematics, and the young stellar object (YSO) content of the California Molecular Cloud (CMC) L1482 filament. We derive a Gaia DR2 YSO distance of 511$^{+17}_{-16}$ pc. We derive scale-free power-laws for the mean gas line-mass (M/L) profiles; we calculate the gravitational potential and field profiles consistent with these. We present IRAM 30 m C$^{18}$O (1-0) (and other tracers) position-velocity (PV) diagrams that exhibit complex velocity twisting and turning structures. We find a rotational profile in C$^{18}$O perpendicular to the southern filament ridgeline. The profile is regular, confined ($r\lesssim0.4$ pc), anti-symmetric, and to first order linear with a break at $r\sim0.25$ pc. The timescales of the inner (outer) gradients are $\sim$0.7 (6.0) Myr. We show that the centripetal force, compared to gravity, increases toward the break; when the ratio of forces approaches unity, the profile turns over, just before filament breakup is achieved. The timescales and relative roles of gravity to rotation indicate that the structure is stable, long lived ($\sim$ a few times 6 Myr), and undergoing outside-in evolution. Moreover, this filament has practically no star formation, a perpendicular Planck plane-of-the-sky (POS) magnetic field morphology, and POS "zig-zag" morphology, which together with the rotation profile lead to the suggestion that the 3D shape is a corkscrew filament with a helical magnetic field. These results, combined with results in Orion and G035.39-00.33, suggest evolution toward higher densities as rotating filaments shed angular momentum. Thus, magnetic fields may be an essential feature of high-mass (M $\sim10^5$ M$_{\odot}$) cloud filament evolution toward cluster formation., Comment: 23 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2020
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17. Communication-based approach for promoting energy consumer switching: some evidence from ofgem⇔s database trials in the United Kingdom

Author: Yang, M, Chi, Y, Mamaril, K, Berry, A, Shi, X, Zhu, L, Yang, M, Chi, Y, Mamaril, K, Berry, A, Shi, X, and Zhu, L
Abstract: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Prompted by rising concern about weak consumer switching and the practice of price discrimination, over the period of 2016–2019, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) undertook a series of trials on communication-based interventions to encourage consumer switching in the United Kingdom. The main purpose of this paper is to assess the experience of these Ofgem trials with a view to draw some lessons for policy makers. The analytical framework adopted for this purpose is informed by existing literature on the barriers for consumer switching. The results of the analysis suggest that while the Ofgem trials have made positive impacts on consumer switching, these impacts varied significantly across the trials, suggesting that some interventions were more effective than others. Further, the overall impacts of the Ofgem trials were moderate, as around 70% of participants did not switch suppliers even in the most impactful trial. This reflects a general lack of understanding in the literature about the behaviour-influencing factors, their impacts, and their context-connects. By implication, the difficulty in stimulating consumer switching, as demonstrated by the Ofgem trials, suggests that weak consumer switching and the practice of price discrimination may simply reflect significant competition, rather than a lack of it, especially if retail margins are not greater than the competitive level. In this case, the communication-based intervention aimed at encouraging consumer switching may lead to further price discrimination, especially for the most vulnerable consumers, who are more likely to stay with their incumbent suppliers.
Published: 2020

18. A governance perspective on electricity industry development: The case of Papua New Guinea

Author: Sandu, S, Yang, M, Shi, X, Chi, Y, Sandu, S, Yang, M, Shi, X, and Chi, Y
Abstract: © 2020 Elsevier Ltd Premised on our contention about the narrowness of the contemporary, industry-centric, focus to understanding the causes for the underdeveloped state of electricity industry in PNG, this paper develops a governance perspective for facilitating such an understanding. The analytical framework employed for this purpose is informed by core tenets of the state-society relational theory. The analysis undertaken in this paper suggests that the development of electricity industry in PNG has been ad hoc in nature, typified by the prevalence of piecemeal efforts for redressing electricity issues of the time. Further, this ad hoc development is essentially reflective of the underlying crisis of governability, as indicated by persistent political instability and frequent changes of government. This crisis has arisen from the ubiquity of conflicts, at the local level, between the western-style formal governance framework adopted after independence, and the culturally-attuned informal governance framework that has existed in the local communities for centuries. In such environments, the government tends to focus on redressing the immediate threat of political survival. The question of long-term development of the country (including, electricity industry development) has therefore assumed a dormant role. Outcome is the persistence of underdevelopment of the electricity industry.
Published: 2020

19. Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cluster-Reinforced Precast Concrete Columns with Grouting-Anchor Connections

Author: Xu, L.H., Wang, Q.L., Yu, M., Chi, Y., Yang, B., Liu, M., Ye, J.Q., Xu, L.H., Wang, Q.L., Yu, M., Chi, Y., Yang, B., Liu, M., and Ye, J.Q.
Abstract: The prefabricated residential buildings have become one of the most dominating construction methods in the modern construction industry. The seismic behavior of prefabricated components is crucial in the limit state design of the precast structure. This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a new type precast concrete column that has clustered steel reinforcement with grouting connection. Quasi-static tests are carried out on three cast-in-situ columns and seven precast columns. Axial compression ratio, lap length and lap space are the main variables considered. The failure process, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, stiffness degradation, displacement ductility and energy dissipation are elaborated. The experimental results show that the precast columns with cluster reinforcement have similar seismic behavior to the cast-in-situ columns. Reducing the axial pressure can improve the ductility and energy consumption performance of the cluster-reinforced columns and exert its ductility to improve its seismic performance. During the assembly, a moderate increase in lap length can improve the seismic behavior of precast columns, whereas the lap space has an insignificant effect on the seismic behavior which indicates that the lap space is not an important factor during construction. The research outcome can serve as a reference for further development and application of precast structures.
Published: 2019

20. Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cluster-Reinforced Precast Concrete Columns with Grouting-Anchor Connections

Author: Xu, L.H., Wang, Q.L., Yu, M., Chi, Y., Yang, B., Liu, M., Ye, J.Q., Xu, L.H., Wang, Q.L., Yu, M., Chi, Y., Yang, B., Liu, M., and Ye, J.Q.
Abstract: The prefabricated residential buildings have become one of the most dominating construction methods in the modern construction industry. The seismic behavior of prefabricated components is crucial in the limit state design of the precast structure. This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a new type precast concrete column that has clustered steel reinforcement with grouting connection. Quasi-static tests are carried out on three cast-in-situ columns and seven precast columns. Axial compression ratio, lap length and lap space are the main variables considered. The failure process, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, stiffness degradation, displacement ductility and energy dissipation are elaborated. The experimental results show that the precast columns with cluster reinforcement have similar seismic behavior to the cast-in-situ columns. Reducing the axial pressure can improve the ductility and energy consumption performance of the cluster-reinforced columns and exert its ductility to improve its seismic performance. During the assembly, a moderate increase in lap length can improve the seismic behavior of precast columns, whereas the lap space has an insignificant effect on the seismic behavior which indicates that the lap space is not an important factor during construction. The research outcome can serve as a reference for further development and application of precast structures.
Published: 2019

21. Experimental and numerical investigation on the irregularity of carbonation depth of concrete under supercritical condition

Author: Basheer, P. A. Muhammed, Bao, H., Yu, M., Ye, J., Xu, L., Chi, Y., Basheer, P. A. Muhammed, Bao, H., Yu, M., Ye, J., Xu, L., and Chi, Y.
Abstract: The heterogeneity of a cement-based material results in a random spatial distribution of carbonation depth, which may significantly affect the mechanical properties and durability of the material. Currently, there is a lack of both experimental and numerical investigations aiming at a statistical understanding of this important phenomenon. This paper presents both experimental and numerical supercritical carbonation results of concrete blocks. The random fields of porosity and two-dimension random aggregate model of concrete were proposed for the simulation. The carbonation depths are measured and distributed along the carbonation boundary by the proposed rapid image processing technique, which are then statistically studied. The study has shown that considering the random distribution of coarse aggregates and using a random field of porosity with due consideration of spatial correlation and variance, the irregularity of carbonation depth can be realistically captured by the numerical model. Overall the methodology adopted in the paper can provide a foundation for future investigations on probability analysis of carbonation depth and other similar work based on multi-scale and-physics modelling.
Published: 2018

22. Experimental and numerical investigation on the irregularity of carbonation depth of concrete under supercritical condition

Author: Basheer, P. A. Muhammed, Bao, H., Yu, M., Ye, J., Xu, L., Chi, Y., Basheer, P. A. Muhammed, Bao, H., Yu, M., Ye, J., Xu, L., and Chi, Y.
Abstract: The heterogeneity of a cement-based material results in a random spatial distribution of carbonation depth, which may significantly affect the mechanical properties and durability of the material. Currently, there is a lack of both experimental and numerical investigations aiming at a statistical understanding of this important phenomenon. This paper presents both experimental and numerical supercritical carbonation results of concrete blocks. The random fields of porosity and two-dimension random aggregate model of concrete were proposed for the simulation. The carbonation depths are measured and distributed along the carbonation boundary by the proposed rapid image processing technique, which are then statistically studied. The study has shown that considering the random distribution of coarse aggregates and using a random field of porosity with due consideration of spatial correlation and variance, the irregularity of carbonation depth can be realistically captured by the numerical model. Overall the methodology adopted in the paper can provide a foundation for future investigations on probability analysis of carbonation depth and other similar work based on multi-scale and-physics modelling.
Published: 2018

23. Social science data repositories in data deluge A case study of ICPSR's workflow and practices

Author: Jeng, W, He, D, Chi, Y, Jeng, W, He, D, and Chi, Y
Abstract: Purpose - Owing to the recent surge of interest in the age of the data deluge, the importance of researching data infrastructures is increasing. The open archival information system (OAIS) model has been widely adopted as a framework for creating and maintaining digital repositories. Considering that OAIS is a reference model that requires customization for actual practice, this paper aims to examine how the current practices in a data repository map to the OAIS environment and functional components. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted two focus-group sessions and one individual interview with eight employees at the world's largest social science data repository, the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). By examining their current actions (activities regarding their work responsibilities) and IT practices, they studied the barriers and challenges of archiving and curating qualitative data at ICPSR. Findings - The authors observed that the OAIS model is robust and reliable in actual service processes for data curation and data archives. In addition, a data repository's workflow resembles digital archives or even digital libraries. On the other hand, they find that the cost of preventing disclosure risk and a lack of agreement on the standards of text data files are the most apparent obstacles for data curation professionals to handle qualitative data; the maturation of data metrics seems to be a promising solution to several challenges in social science data sharing. Originality/value - The authors evaluated the gap between a research data repository's current practices and the adoption of the OAIS model. They also identified answers to questions such as how current technological infrastructure in a leading data repository such as ICPSR supports their daily operations, what the ideal technologies in those data repositories would be and the associated challenges that accompany these ideal technologies. Most importantly
Published: 2017

24. Deep keyphrase generation

Author: Meng, R, Zhao, S, Han, S, He, D, Brusilovsky, P, Chi, Y, Meng, R, Zhao, S, Han, S, He, D, Brusilovsky, P, and Chi, Y
Abstract: Keyphrase provides highly-summative information that can be effectively used for understanding, organizing and retrieving text content. Though previous studies have provided many workable solutions for automated keyphrase extraction, they commonly divided the to-be-summarized content into multiple text chunks, then ranked and selected the most meaningful ones. These approaches could neither identify keyphrases that do not appear in the text, nor capture the real semantic meaning behind the text. We propose a generative model for keyphrase prediction with an encoder-decoder framework, which can effectively overcome the above drawbacks. We name it as deep keyphrase generation since it attempts to capture the deep semantic meaning of the content with a deep learning method. Empirical analysis on six datasets demonstrates that our proposed model not only achieves a significant performance boost on extracting keyphrases that appear in the source text, but also can generate absent keyphrases based on the semantic meaning of the text. Code and dataset are available at https://github.com/memray/seq2seqkeyphrase.
Published: 2017

25. Deep keyphrase generation

Author: Meng, R, Zhao, S, Han, S, He, D, Brusilovsky, P, Chi, Y, Meng, R, Zhao, S, Han, S, He, D, Brusilovsky, P, and Chi, Y
Abstract: Keyphrase provides highly-summative information that can be effectively used for understanding, organizing and retrieving text content. Though previous studies have provided many workable solutions for automated keyphrase extraction, they commonly divided the to-be-summarized content into multiple text chunks, then ranked and selected the most meaningful ones. These approaches could neither identify keyphrases that do not appear in the text, nor capture the real semantic meaning behind the text. We propose a generative model for keyphrase prediction with an encoder-decoder framework, which can effectively overcome the above drawbacks. We name it as deep keyphrase generation since it attempts to capture the deep semantic meaning of the content with a deep learning method. Empirical analysis on six datasets demonstrates that our proposed model not only achieves a significant performance boost on extracting keyphrases that appear in the source text, but also can generate absent keyphrases based on the semantic meaning of the text. Code and dataset are available at https://github.com/memray/seq2seqkeyphrase.
Published: 2017

26. Social science data repositories in data deluge A case study of ICPSR's workflow and practices

Author: Jeng, W, He, D, Chi, Y, Jeng, W, He, D, and Chi, Y
Abstract: Purpose - Owing to the recent surge of interest in the age of the data deluge, the importance of researching data infrastructures is increasing. The open archival information system (OAIS) model has been widely adopted as a framework for creating and maintaining digital repositories. Considering that OAIS is a reference model that requires customization for actual practice, this paper aims to examine how the current practices in a data repository map to the OAIS environment and functional components. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted two focus-group sessions and one individual interview with eight employees at the world's largest social science data repository, the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). By examining their current actions (activities regarding their work responsibilities) and IT practices, they studied the barriers and challenges of archiving and curating qualitative data at ICPSR. Findings - The authors observed that the OAIS model is robust and reliable in actual service processes for data curation and data archives. In addition, a data repository's workflow resembles digital archives or even digital libraries. On the other hand, they find that the cost of preventing disclosure risk and a lack of agreement on the standards of text data files are the most apparent obstacles for data curation professionals to handle qualitative data; the maturation of data metrics seems to be a promising solution to several challenges in social science data sharing. Originality/value - The authors evaluated the gap between a research data repository's current practices and the adoption of the OAIS model. They also identified answers to questions such as how current technological infrastructure in a leading data repository such as ICPSR supports their daily operations, what the ideal technologies in those data repositories would be and the associated challenges that accompany these ideal technologies. Most importantly
Published: 2017

27. Updated baseline for a staged Compact Linear Collider

Author: University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics (-2009), Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., He, X., Pei, G., Pei, S., Shu, G., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, F., Zhou, Z., Chen, H., Gao, Y., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Li, B., Li, Y., Shao, J., Shi, J., Tang, C., Wu, X., Ma, L., Han, Y., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Huang, X., Tan, J., Wang, Z., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Garcia, F., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Kolk, N. van der, Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Mitri, S. Di, Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., Graaf, H. van der, Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Asghar, M. I., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S, Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Gutierrez, J. L., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Barnes, M. J., Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., Michele, G. De, Oliveira, L. De, Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Fowler, A., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F, Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C, Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I, Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Martin, R., Mazzoni, S., Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Busto, E. Nebot Del, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M, Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Shipman, N., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Watson, N., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Green, S., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Robson, A., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Gibson, S., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Jones, R., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Roberts, J., Clarke, J. A., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., Wang, J., White, G., Woodley, M., University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics (-2009), Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., He, X., Pei, G., Pei, S., Shu, G., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, F., Zhou, Z., Chen, H., Gao, Y., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Li, B., Li, Y., Shao, J., Shi, J., Tang, C., Wu, X., Ma, L., Han, Y., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Huang, X., Tan, J., Wang, Z., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Garcia, F., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Kolk, N. van der, Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Mitri, S. Di, Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., Graaf, H. van der, Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Asghar, M. I., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S, Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Gutierrez, J. L., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Barnes, M. J., Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., Michele, G. De, Oliveira, L. De, Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Fowler, A., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F, Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C, Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I, Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Martin, R., Mazzoni, S., Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Busto, E. Nebot Del, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M, Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Shipman, N., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Watson, N., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Green, S., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Robson, A., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Gibson, S., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Jones, R., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Roberts, J., Clarke, J. A., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., Wang, J., White, G., and Woodley, M.
Abstract: The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a multi-TeV high-luminosity linear e+e- collider under development. For an optimal exploitation of its physics potential, CLIC is foreseen to be built and operated in a staged approach with three centre-of-mass energy stages ranging from a few hundred GeV up to 3 TeV. The first stage will focus on precision Standard Model physics, in particular Higgs and top-quark measurements. Subsequent stages will focus on measurements of rare Higgs processes, as well as searches for new physics processes and precision measurements of new states, e.g. states previously discovered at LHC or at CLIC itself. In the 2012 CLIC Conceptual Design Report, a fully optimised 3 TeV collider was presented, while the proposed lower energy stages were not studied to the same level of detail. This report presents an updated baseline staging scenario for CLIC. The scenario is the result of a comprehensive study addressing the performance, cost and power of the CLIC accelerator complex as a function of centre-of-mass energy and it targets optimal physics output based on the current physics landscape. The optimised staging scenario foresees three main centre-of-mass energy stages at 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV and 3 TeV for a full CLIC programme spanning 22 years. For the first stage, an alternative to the CLIC drive beam scheme is presented in which the main linac power is produced using X-band klystrons.
Published: 2016

28. Updated baseline for a staged Compact Linear Collider

Author: The, CLIC, collaborations, CLICdp, Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., Pei, G., Shu, G., Zhao, F., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Tang, C., Ma, L., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Tan, J., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Kolk, N. van der, Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Mitri, S. Di, Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., Graaf, H. van der, Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S, Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., Michele, G. De, Oliveira, L. De, Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F, Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C, Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I, Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Busto, E. Nebot Del, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M, Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., Woodley, M., The, CLIC, collaborations, CLICdp, Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., Pei, G., Shu, G., Zhao, F., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Tang, C., Ma, L., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Tan, J., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Kolk, N. van der, Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Mitri, S. Di, Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., Graaf, H. van der, Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S, Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., Michele, G. De, Oliveira, L. De, Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F, Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C, Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I, Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Busto, E. Nebot Del, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M, Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., and Woodley, M.
Abstract: The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a multi-TeV high-luminosity linear e+e- collider under development. For an optimal exploitation of its physics potential, CLIC is foreseen to be built and operated in a staged approach with three centre-of-mass energy stages ranging from a few hundred GeV up to 3 TeV. The first stage will focus on precision Standard Model physics, in particular Higgs and top-quark measurements. Subsequent stages will focus on measurements of rare Higgs processes, as well as searches for new physics processes and precision measurements of new states, e.g. states previously discovered at LHC or at CLIC itself. In the 2012 CLIC Conceptual Design Report, a fully optimised 3 TeV collider was presented, while the proposed lower energy stages were not studied to the same level of detail. This report presents an updated baseline staging scenario for CLIC. The scenario is the result of a comprehensive study addressing the performance, cost and power of the CLIC accelerator complex as a function of centre-of-mass energy and it targets optimal physics output based on the current physics landscape. The optimised staging scenario foresees three main centre-of-mass energy stages at 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV and 3 TeV for a full CLIC programme spanning 22 years. For the first stage, an alternative to the CLIC drive beam scheme is presented in which the main linac power is produced using X-band klystrons.
Published: 2016

29. Exploring knowledge learning in collaborative information seeking process

Author: Chi, Y, Han, S, He, D, Meng, R, Chi, Y, Han, S, He, D, and Meng, R
Abstract: Knowledge learning is recognized as an important component in people's search process. Existing studies on this topic usually measure the knowledge growth before and after a search. However, there still lacks a fine-grained understanding of users' knowledge change patterns within a search process and users' adoption of different sources for learning. In this on-going project, we are exploring answers to both questions in collaborative information seeking (CIS) since the CIS tasks are usually exploratory, which triggers learning, and involve diverse learning resources such as self-explored search content, partners' search content and explicit communication between them. Through analyzing the data from a controlled laboratory user study with both collaborative and individual information seeking conditions, we demonstrated that users' knowledge keeps growing in both conditions, but they issue significantly more diverse queries in the collaborative condition. Our analysis of users' queries also revealed that the adoption of different learning resources varies at different information seeking stages, and the adoption is influenced by the nature of search tasks too. Finally, we propose several insights for system design to enhance knowledge learning in collaborative information seeking process.
Published: 2016

30. Exploring knowledge learning in collaborative information seeking process

Author: Chi, Y, Han, S, He, D, Meng, R, Chi, Y, Han, S, He, D, and Meng, R
Abstract: Knowledge learning is recognized as an important component in people's search process. Existing studies on this topic usually measure the knowledge growth before and after a search. However, there still lacks a fine-grained understanding of users' knowledge change patterns within a search process and users' adoption of different sources for learning. In this on-going project, we are exploring answers to both questions in collaborative information seeking (CIS) since the CIS tasks are usually exploratory, which triggers learning, and involve diverse learning resources such as self-explored search content, partners' search content and explicit communication between them. Through analyzing the data from a controlled laboratory user study with both collaborative and individual information seeking conditions, we demonstrated that users' knowledge keeps growing in both conditions, but they issue significantly more diverse queries in the collaborative condition. Our analysis of users' queries also revealed that the adoption of different learning resources varies at different information seeking stages, and the adoption is influenced by the nature of search tasks too. Finally, we propose several insights for system design to enhance knowledge learning in collaborative information seeking process.
Published: 2016

31. Updated baseline for a staged Compact Linear Collider

Author: CLIC, The, collaborations, CLICdp, Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., He, X., Pei, G., Pei, S., Shu, G., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, F., Zhou, Z., Chen, H., Gao, Y., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Li, B., Li, Y., Shao, J., Shi, J., Tang, C., Wu, X., Ma, L., Han, Y., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Huang, X., Tan, J., Wang, Z., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Garcia, F., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., van der Kolk, N., Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Di Mitri, S., Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., van der Graaf, H., Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Asghar, M. I., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S., Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Gutierrez, J. L., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Barnes, M. J., Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., De Michele, G., De Oliveira, L., Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Fowler, A., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F., Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C., Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I., Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Martin, R., Mazzoni, S., Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Del Busto, E. Nebot, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M., Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Shipman, N., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Watson, N., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Green, S., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Robson, A., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Gibson, S., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Jones, R., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Roberts, J., Clarke, J. A., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., Wang, J., White, G., Woodley, M., CLIC, The, collaborations, CLICdp, Boland, M. J., Felzmann, U., Giansiracusa, P. J., Lucas, T. G., Rassool, R. P., Balazs, C., Charles, T. K., Afanaciev, K., Emeliantchik, I., Ignatenko, A., Makarenko, V., Shumeiko, N., Patapenka, A., Zhuk, I., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Gutierrez, M. A. Diaz, Gonzalez, M. Vogel, Chi, Y., He, X., Pei, G., Pei, S., Shu, G., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, F., Zhou, Z., Chen, H., Gao, Y., Huang, W., Kuang, Y. P., Li, B., Li, Y., Shao, J., Shi, J., Tang, C., Wu, X., Ma, L., Han, Y., Fang, W., Gu, Q., Huang, D., Huang, X., Tan, J., Wang, Z., Zhao, Z., Laštovička, T., Uggerhoj, U., Wistisen, T. N., Aabloo, A., Eimre, K., Kuppart, K., Vigonski, S., Zadin, V., Aicheler, M., Baibuz, E., Brücken, E., Djurabekova, F., Eerola, P., Garcia, F., Haeggström, E., Huitu, K., Jansson, V., Karimaki, V., Kassamakov, I., Kyritsakis, A., Lehti, S., Meriläinen, A., Montonen, R., Niinikoski, T., Nordlund, K., Österberg, K., Parekh, M., Törnqvist, N. A., Väinölä, J., Veske, M., Farabolini, W., Mollard, A., Napoly, O., Peauger, F., Plouin, J., Bambade, P., Chaikovska, I., Chehab, R., Davier, M., Kaabi, W., Kou, E., LeDiberder, F., Pöschl, R., Zerwas, D., Aimard, B., Balik, G., Baud, J. -P., Blaising, J. -J., Brunetti, L., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Geoffroy, N., Jacquemier, J., Jeremie, A., Karyotakis, Y., Nappa, J. M., Vilalte, S., Vouters, G., Bernard, A., Peric, I., Gabriel, M., Simon, F., Szalay, M., van der Kolk, N., Alexopoulos, T., Gazis, E. N., Gazis, N., Ikarios, E., Kostopoulos, V., Kourkoulis, S., Gupta, P. D., Shrivastava, P., Arfaei, H., Dayyani, M. K., Ghasem, H., Hajari, S. S., Shaker, H., Ashkenazy, Y., Abramowicz, H., Benhammou, Y., Borysov, O., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Rosenblat, O., D'Auria, G., Di Mitri, S., Abe, T., Aryshev, A., Higo, T., Makida, Y., Matsumoto, S., Shidara, T., Takatomi, T., Takubo, Y., Tauchi, T., Toge, N., Ueno, K., Urakawa, J., Yamamoto, A., Yamanaka, M., Raboanary, R., Hart, R., van der Graaf, H., Eigen, G., Zalieckas, J., Adli, E., Lillestøl, R., Malina, L., Pfingstner, J., Sjobak, K. N., Ahmed, W., Asghar, M. I., Hoorani, H., Bugiel, S., Dasgupta, R., Firlej, M., Fiutowski, T. A., Idzik, M., Kopec, M., Kuczynska, M., Moron, J., Swientek, K. P., Daniluk, W., Krupa, B., Kucharczyk, M., Lesiak, T., Moszczynski, A., Pawlik, B., Sopicki, P., Wojtoń, T., Zawiejski, L., Kalinowski, J., Krawczyk, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Firu, E., Ghenescu, V., Neagu, A. T., Preda, T., Zgura, I-S., Aloev, A., Azaryan, N., Budagov, J., Chizhov, M., Filippova, M., Glagolev, V., Gongadze, A., Grigoryan, S., Gudkov, D., Karjavine, V., Lyablin, M., Olyunin, A., Samochkine, A., Sapronov, A., Shirkov, G., Soldatov, V., Solodko, A., Solodko, E., Trubnikov, G., Tyapkin, I., Uzhinsky, V., Vorozhtov, A., Levichev, E., Mezentsev, N., Piminov, P., Shatilov, D., Vobly, P., Zolotarev, K., Jelisavcic, I. Bozovic, Kacarevic, G., Lukic, S., Milutinovic-Dumbelovic, G., Pandurovic, M., Iriso, U., Perez, F., Pont, M., Trenado, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Calero, J., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gavela, D., Gutierrez, J. L., Lopez, D., Toral, F., Moya, D., Jimeno, A. Ruiz, Vila, I., Argyropoulos, T., Gutierrez, C. Blanch, Boronat, M., Esperante, D., Faus-Golfe, A., Fuster, J., Martinez, N. Fuster, Muñoz, N. Galindo, García, I., Navarro, J. Giner, Ros, E., Vos, M., Brenner, R., Ekelöf, T., Jacewicz, M., Ögren, J., Olvegård, M., Ruber, R., Ziemann, V., Aguglia, D., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Andersson, A., Andrianala, F., Antoniou, F., Artoos, K., Atieh, S., Sune, R. Ballabriga, Barnes, M. J., Garcia, J. Barranco, Bartosik, H., Belver-Aguilar, C., Morell, A. Benot, Bett, D. R., Bettoni, S., Blanchot, G., Garcia, O. Blanco, Bonnin, X. A., Brunner, O., Burkhardt, H., Calatroni, S., Campbell, M., Lasheras, N. Catalan, Bastos, M. Cerqueira, Cherif, A., Chevallay, E., Constance, B., Corsini, R., Cure, B., Curt, S., Dalena, B., Dannheim, D., De Michele, G., De Oliveira, L., Deelen, N., Delahaye, J. P., Dobers, T., Doebert, S., Draper, M., Ramos, F. Duarte, Dubrovskiy, A., Elsener, K., Esberg, J., Esposito, M., Fedosseev, V., Ferracin, P., Fiergolski, A., Foraz, K., Fowler, A., Friebel, F., Fuchs, J-F., Rojas, C. A. Fuentes, Gaddi, A., Fajardo, L. Garcia, Morales, H. Garcia, Garion, C., Gatignon, L., Gayde, J-C., Gerwig, H., Goldblatt, A. N., Grefe, C., Grudiev, A., Guillot-Vignot, F. G., Gutt-Mostowy, M. L., Hauschild, M., Hessler, C., Holma, J. K., Holzer, E., Hourican, M., Hynds, D., Levinsen, Y. Inntjore, Jeanneret, B., Jensen, E., Jonker, M., Kastriotou, M., Kemppinen, J. M. K., Kieffer, R. B., Klempt, W., Kononenko, O., Korsback, A., Platia, E. Koukovini, Kovermann, J. W., Kozsar, C-I., Kremastiotis, I., Kulis, S., Latina, A., Leaux, F., Lebrun, P., Lefevre, T., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Maier, A. A., Durand, H. Mainaud, Manosperti, E., Marelli, C., Lacoma, E. Marin, Martin, R., Mazzoni, S., Mcmonagle, G., Mete, O., Mether, L. M., Modena, M., Münker, R. M., Muranaka, T., Del Busto, E. Nebot, Nikiforou, N., Nisbet, D., Nonglaton, J-M., Nuiry, F. X., Nürnberg, A., Olvegard, M., Osborne, J., Papadopoulou, S., Papaphilippou, Y., Passarelli, A., Patecki, M., Pazdera, L., Pellegrini, D., Pepitone, K., Codina, E. Perez, Fontenla, A. Perez, Persson, T. H. B., Petrič, M., Pitters, F., Pittet, S., Plassard, F., Rajamak, R., Redford, S., Renier, Y., Rey, S. F., Riddone, G., Rinolfi, L., Castro, E. Rodriguez, Roloff, P., Rossi, C., Rude, V., Rumolo, G., Sailer, A., Santin, E., Schlatter, D., Schmickler, H., Schulte, D., Shipman, N., Sicking, E., Simoniello, R., Skowronski, P. K., Mompean, P. Sobrino, Soby, L., Sosin, M. P., Sroka, S., Stapnes, S., Sterbini, G., Ström, R., Syratchev, I., Tecker, F., Thonet, P. A., Timeo, L., Timko, H., Garcia, R. Tomas, Valerio, P., Vamvakas, A. L., Vivoli, A., Weber, M. A., Wegner, R., Wendt, M., Woolley, B., Wuensch, W., Uythoven, J., Zha, H., Zisopoulos, P., Benoit, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Bopp, M., Braun, H. H., Divall, M. Csatari, Dehler, M., Garvey, T., Raguin, J. Y., Rivkin, L., Zennaro, R., Aksoy, A., Nergiz, Z., Pilicer, E., Tapan, I., Yavas, O., Baturin, V., Kholodov, R., Lebedynskyi, S., Miroshnichenko, V., Mordyk, S., Profatilova, I., Storizhko, V., Watson, N., Winter, A., Goldstein, J., Green, S., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Xu, B., Gillespie, W. A., Pan, R., Tyrk, M. A, Protopopescu, D., Robson, A., Apsimon, R., Bailey, I., Burt, G., Constable, D., Dexter, A., Karimian, S., Lingwood, C., Buckland, M. D., Casse, G., Vossebeld, J., Bosco, A., Karataev, P., Kruchinin, K., Lekomtsev, K., Nevay, L., Snuverink, J., Yamakawa, E., Boisvert, V., Boogert, S., Boorman, G., Gibson, S., Lyapin, A., Shields, W., Teixeira-Dias, P., West, S., Jones, R., Joshi, N., Bodenstein, R., Burrows, P. N., Christian, G. B., Gamba, D., Perry, C., Roberts, J., Clarke, J. A., Collomb, N. A., Jamison, S. P., Shepherd, B. J. A., Walsh, D., Demarteau, M., Repond, J., Weerts, H., Xia, L., Wells, J. D., Adolphsen, C., Barklow, T., Breidenbach, M., Graf, N., Hewett, J., Markiewicz, T., McCormick, D., Moffeit, K., Nosochkov, Y., Oriunno, M., Phinney, N., Rizzo, T., Tantawi, S., Wang, F., Wang, J., White, G., and Woodley, M.
Abstract: The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a multi-TeV high-luminosity linear e+e- collider under development. For an optimal exploitation of its physics potential, CLIC is foreseen to be built and operated in a staged approach with three centre-of-mass energy stages ranging from a few hundred GeV up to 3 TeV. The first stage will focus on precision Standard Model physics, in particular Higgs and top-quark measurements. Subsequent stages will focus on measurements of rare Higgs processes, as well as searches for new physics processes and precision measurements of new states, e.g. states previously discovered at LHC or at CLIC itself. In the 2012 CLIC Conceptual Design Report, a fully optimised 3 TeV collider was presented, while the proposed lower energy stages were not studied to the same level of detail. This report presents an updated baseline staging scenario for CLIC. The scenario is the result of a comprehensive study addressing the performance, cost and power of the CLIC accelerator complex as a function of centre-of-mass energy and it targets optimal physics output based on the current physics landscape. The optimised staging scenario foresees three main centre-of-mass energy stages at 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV and 3 TeV for a full CLIC programme spanning 22 years. For the first stage, an alternative to the CLIC drive beam scheme is presented in which the main linac power is produced using X-band klystrons., Comment: 57 pages, 27 figures, 12 tables, published as CERN Yellow Report. Updated version: Minor layout changes for print version
Published: 2016
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32. Society for Vascular Surgery and American Venous Forum Guidelines on the management of venous leg ulcers : the point of view of the International Union of Phlebology

Author: Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzén, Olle, Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., Scuderi, A., Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzén, Olle, Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., and Scuderi, A.
Published: 2015

33. Recurrent DGCR8, DROSHA, and SIX Homeodomain Mutations in Favorable Histology Wilms Tumors

Author: Walz, A.L. (Amy L.), Ooms, A.H.A.G. (Ariadne), Gadd, S. (Samantha), Gerhard, D.S. (Daniela S.), Smith, M.A. (Malcolm A.), GuidryAuvil, J.M. (Jamie M.), Meerzaman, D. (Daoud), Chen, Q.-R. (Qing-Rong), Hsu, C. (ChihHao), Yan, C. (Chunhua), Nguyen, C. (Cu), Hu, Y. (Ying), Bowlby, R. (Reanne), Brooks, D. (Denise), Ma, Y.P. (Yussanne), Mungall, A.A. (Andrew J.), Moore, R.A. (Richard A.), Schein, J. (Jacqueline), Marra, M.A. (Marco A.), Huff, V. (Vicki), Dome, J.S. (Jeffrey), Chi, Y.-Y. (Yueh-Yun), Mullighan, C.G. (Charles), Ma, J. (Jing), Wheeler, D.A. (David A.), Hampton, O.A. (Oliver A.), Jafari, N. (Nadereh), Ross, N. (Nicole), Gastier-Foster, J.M. (Julie), Perlman, E.J. (Elizabeth J.), Walz, A.L. (Amy L.), Ooms, A.H.A.G. (Ariadne), Gadd, S. (Samantha), Gerhard, D.S. (Daniela S.), Smith, M.A. (Malcolm A.), GuidryAuvil, J.M. (Jamie M.), Meerzaman, D. (Daoud), Chen, Q.-R. (Qing-Rong), Hsu, C. (ChihHao), Yan, C. (Chunhua), Nguyen, C. (Cu), Hu, Y. (Ying), Bowlby, R. (Reanne), Brooks, D. (Denise), Ma, Y.P. (Yussanne), Mungall, A.A. (Andrew J.), Moore, R.A. (Richard A.), Schein, J. (Jacqueline), Marra, M.A. (Marco A.), Huff, V. (Vicki), Dome, J.S. (Jeffrey), Chi, Y.-Y. (Yueh-Yun), Mullighan, C.G. (Charles), Ma, J. (Jing), Wheeler, D.A. (David A.), Hampton, O.A. (Oliver A.), Jafari, N. (Nadereh), Ross, N. (Nicole), Gastier-Foster, J.M. (Julie), and Perlman, E.J. (Elizabeth J.)
Abstract: We report the most common single-nucleotide substitution/deletion mutations in favorable histology Wilms tumors (FHWTs) to occur within SIX1/. 2 (7% of 534 tumors) and microRNA processing genes (miRNAPGs) DGCR8 and DROSHA (15% of 534 tumors). Comprehensive analysis of 77 FHWTs indicates that tumors with SIX1/. 2 and/or miRNAPG mutations show a pre-induction metanephric mesenchyme gene expression pattern and are significantly associated with both perilobar nephrogenic rests and 11p15 imprinting aberrations. Significantly decreased expression of mature Let-7a and the miR-200 family (responsible for mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition) in miRNAPG mutant tumors is associated with an undifferentiated blastemal histology. The combination of SIX and miRNAPG mutations in the same tumor is associated with evidence of RAS activation and a higher rate of relapse and death.
Published: 2015
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34. Society for Vascular Surgery and American Venous Forum Guidelines on the management of venous leg ulcers: the point of view of the International Union of Phlebology

Author: Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzen, O., Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., Scuderi, A., Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzen, O., Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., and Scuderi, A.
Published: 2015

35. Molecular properties in the Tamm–Dancoff approximation:indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constants

Author: Cheng, Chi Y., Ryley, Matthew S., Peach, Michael, Tozer, David J., Helgaker, Trygve, Teale, Andrew M., Cheng, Chi Y., Ryley, Matthew S., Peach, Michael, Tozer, David J., Helgaker, Trygve, and Teale, Andrew M.
Abstract: The Tamm–Dancoff approximation (TDA) can be applied to the computation of excitation energies using time-dependent Hartree–Fock (TD-HF) and time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT). In addition to simplifying the resulting response equations, the TDA has been shown to significantly improve the calculation of triplet excitation energies in these theories, largely overcoming issues associated with triplet instabilities of the underlying reference wave functions. Here, we examine the application of the TDA to the calculation of another response property involving triplet perturbations, namely the indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constant. Particular attention is paid to the accuracy of the triplet spin–dipole and Fermi-contact components. The application of the TDA in HF calculations leads to vastly improved results. For DFT calculations, the TDA delivers improved stability with respect to geometrical variations but does not deliver higher accuracy close to equilibrium geometries. These observations are rationalised in terms of the ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces and, in particular, the severity of the triplet instabilities associated with each method. A notable feature of the DFT results within the TDA is their similarity across a wide range of different functionals. The uniformity of the TDA results suggests that some conventional evaluations may exploit error cancellations between approximations in the functional forms and those arising from triplet instabilities. The importance of an accurate treatment of correlation for evaluating spin–spin coupling constants is highlighted by this comparison.
Published: 2015

36. Molecular properties in the Tamm–Dancoff approximation:indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constants

Author: Cheng, Chi Y., Ryley, Matthew S., Peach, Michael, Tozer, David J., Helgaker, Trygve, Teale, Andrew M., Cheng, Chi Y., Ryley, Matthew S., Peach, Michael, Tozer, David J., Helgaker, Trygve, and Teale, Andrew M.
Abstract: The Tamm–Dancoff approximation (TDA) can be applied to the computation of excitation energies using time-dependent Hartree–Fock (TD-HF) and time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT). In addition to simplifying the resulting response equations, the TDA has been shown to significantly improve the calculation of triplet excitation energies in these theories, largely overcoming issues associated with triplet instabilities of the underlying reference wave functions. Here, we examine the application of the TDA to the calculation of another response property involving triplet perturbations, namely the indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling constant. Particular attention is paid to the accuracy of the triplet spin–dipole and Fermi-contact components. The application of the TDA in HF calculations leads to vastly improved results. For DFT calculations, the TDA delivers improved stability with respect to geometrical variations but does not deliver higher accuracy close to equilibrium geometries. These observations are rationalised in terms of the ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces and, in particular, the severity of the triplet instabilities associated with each method. A notable feature of the DFT results within the TDA is their similarity across a wide range of different functionals. The uniformity of the TDA results suggests that some conventional evaluations may exploit error cancellations between approximations in the functional forms and those arising from triplet instabilities. The importance of an accurate treatment of correlation for evaluating spin–spin coupling constants is highlighted by this comparison.
Published: 2015

37. Society for Vascular Surgery and American Venous Forum Guidelines on the management of venous leg ulcers: the point of view of the International Union of Phlebology

Author: Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzen, O., Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., Scuderi, A., Mosti, G., De Maeseneer, M., Cavezzi, A., Parsi, K., Morrison, N., Nelzen, O., Rabe, E., Partsch, H., Caggiati, A., Simka, M., Obermayer, A., Malouf, M., Flour, M., Maleti, O., Perrin, M., Reina, L., Kalodiki, E., Mannello, F., Rerkasem, K., Cornu-Thenard, A., Chi, Y. W., Soloviy, M., Bottini, O., Mendyk, N., Tessari, L., Varghese, R., Etcheverry, R., Pannier, F., Lugli, M., Carvallo Lantz, A. J., Zamboni, P., Zuolo, M., Godoy, M. F. G., Godoy, J. M. P., Link, D. P., Junger, M., and Scuderi, A.
Published: 2015

38. High Strength, Nano-Structured Mg-Al-Zn Alloy

Author: ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE, Zheng, Baolong, Ertorer, Osman, Li, Ying, Zhou, Yizhang, Mathaudhu, Suveen N, Tso, Chi Y, Lavernia, Enrique J, ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE, Zheng, Baolong, Ertorer, Osman, Li, Ying, Zhou, Yizhang, Mathaudhu, Suveen N, Tso, Chi Y, and Lavernia, Enrique J
Abstract: The mechanical behavior and microstructure of nanocrystalline (nc) Mg AZ80 alloy, synthesized via a cryomilling and spark plasma sintering (SPS) approach are reported and discussed. The effects of cryomilling processing on chemistry, particle morphology, and microstructure of the Mg alloy powder are described and discussed. The experimental results show that cryomilling for 8 h yields nc Mg agglomerates, approximately 30 micro m in size, with an internal average grain size of approximately 40 nm. The mechanisms that are thought to be responsible for deformation twins that were observed in the cryomilled AZ80 powder are discussed. The cryomilled Mg powder was subsequently consolidated using SPS at 250, 300 and 350 deg C. The consolidated material consisted of a bimodal microstructure with nc fine and coarse grains formed in the SPS ed Mg AZ80 microstructure. Inside of the coarse grains, nano-sized Mg17Al12 precipitates were observed. A maximum microhardness of 140 HV, compressive yield strength of 442.3 MPa, and ultimate strength of 546MPa are measured, which compare favorably to published values for conventional Mg alloys., Published in Materials Science and Engineering, v528 p2180-2191, 2011. Prepared in cooperation with the Dept. Chem. Eng. Mater. Sci., University of California, Davis, the Dept. Mater. Sci. Eng., National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Frontier Materials and Micro/Nano Science and Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Published: 2011

39. Comparison and evaluation of methods for liver segmentation from CT datasets.

Author: Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., Wolf, I., Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., and Wolf, I.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 81757.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), This paper presents a comparison study between 10 automatic and six interactive methods for liver segmentation from contrast-enhanced CT images. It is based on results from the "MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge" workshop, where 16 teams evaluated their algorithms on a common database. A collection of 20 clinical images with reference segmentations was provided to train and tune algorithms in advance. Participants were also allowed to use additional proprietary training data for that purpose. All teams then had to apply their methods to 10 test datasets and submit the obtained results. Employed algorithms include statistical shape models, atlas registration, level-sets, graph-cuts and rule-based systems. All results were compared to reference segmentations five error measures that highlight different aspects of segmentation accuracy. All measures were combined according to a specific scoring system relating the obtained values to human expert variability. In general, interactive methods reached higher average scores than automatic approaches and featured a better consistency of segmentation quality. However, the best automatic methods (mainly based on statistical shape models with some additional free deformation) could compete well on the majority of test images. The study provides an insight in performance of different segmentation approaches under real-world conditions and highlights achievements and limitations of current image analysis techniques.
Published: 2009

40. Comparison and evaluation of methods for liver segmentation from CT datasets.

Author: Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., Wolf, I., Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., and Wolf, I.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 81757.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), This paper presents a comparison study between 10 automatic and six interactive methods for liver segmentation from contrast-enhanced CT images. It is based on results from the "MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge" workshop, where 16 teams evaluated their algorithms on a common database. A collection of 20 clinical images with reference segmentations was provided to train and tune algorithms in advance. Participants were also allowed to use additional proprietary training data for that purpose. All teams then had to apply their methods to 10 test datasets and submit the obtained results. Employed algorithms include statistical shape models, atlas registration, level-sets, graph-cuts and rule-based systems. All results were compared to reference segmentations five error measures that highlight different aspects of segmentation accuracy. All measures were combined according to a specific scoring system relating the obtained values to human expert variability. In general, interactive methods reached higher average scores than automatic approaches and featured a better consistency of segmentation quality. However, the best automatic methods (mainly based on statistical shape models with some additional free deformation) could compete well on the majority of test images. The study provides an insight in performance of different segmentation approaches under real-world conditions and highlights achievements and limitations of current image analysis techniques.
Published: 2009

41. Comparison and evaluation of methods for liver segmentation from CT datasets.

Author: Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., Wolf, I., Heimann, T., Ginneken, B. van, Styner, M.A., Arzhaeva, Y., Aurich, V., Bauer, C., Beck, A., Becker, C., Beichel, R., Bekes, G., Bello, F. de, Binnig, G., Bischof, H., Bornik, A., Cashman, P.M., Chi, Y., Cordova, A., Dawant, B.M., Fidrich, M., Furst, J.D., Furukawa, D., Grenacher, L., Hornegger, J., Kainmuller, D., Kitney, R.I., Kobatake, H., Lamecker, H., Lange, T., Lee, J., Lennon, B., Li, R., Li, S., Meinzer, H.P., Nemeth, G., Raicu, D.S., Rau, A.M., Rikxoort, E.M. van, Rousson, M., Rusko, L., Saddi, K.A., Schmidt, G, Seghers, D., Shimizu, A., Slagmolen, P., Sorantin, E., Soza, G., Susomboon, R., Waite, J.M., Wimmer, A., and Wolf, I.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 81757.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access), This paper presents a comparison study between 10 automatic and six interactive methods for liver segmentation from contrast-enhanced CT images. It is based on results from the "MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge" workshop, where 16 teams evaluated their algorithms on a common database. A collection of 20 clinical images with reference segmentations was provided to train and tune algorithms in advance. Participants were also allowed to use additional proprietary training data for that purpose. All teams then had to apply their methods to 10 test datasets and submit the obtained results. Employed algorithms include statistical shape models, atlas registration, level-sets, graph-cuts and rule-based systems. All results were compared to reference segmentations five error measures that highlight different aspects of segmentation accuracy. All measures were combined according to a specific scoring system relating the obtained values to human expert variability. In general, interactive methods reached higher average scores than automatic approaches and featured a better consistency of segmentation quality. However, the best automatic methods (mainly based on statistical shape models with some additional free deformation) could compete well on the majority of test images. The study provides an insight in performance of different segmentation approaches under real-world conditions and highlights achievements and limitations of current image analysis techniques.
Published: 2009

42. Semliki Forest virus strongly reduces mosquito host defence signaling

Author: Fragkoudis, R, Chi, Y, Siu, RWC, Barry, G, Attarzadeh-Yazdi, G, Merits, A, Nash, AA, Fazakerley, JK, Kohl, A, Fragkoudis, R, Chi, Y, Siu, RWC, Barry, G, Attarzadeh-Yazdi, G, Merits, A, Nash, AA, Fazakerley, JK, and Kohl, A
Abstract: The Alphavirus genus within the Togaviridae family contains several important mosquito-borne arboviruses. Other than the antiviral activity of RNAi, relatively little is known about alphavirus interactions with insect cell defences. Here we show that Semliki Forest virus (SFV) infection of Aedes albopictus-derived U4.4 mosquito cells reduces cellular gene expression. Activation prior to SFV infection of pathways involving STAT/IMD, but not Toll signaling reduced subsequent virus gene expression and RNA levels. These pathways are therefore not only able to mediate protective responses against bacteria but also arboviruses. However, SFV infection of mosquito cells did not result in activation of any of these pathways and suppressed their subsequent activation by other stimuli.
Published: 2008

43. Evaluation of maintenance schedules on railway traction power system

Author: Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, Slu, L K, Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, and Slu, L K
Abstract: In electrified railways, the traction power systems carry power to trains and their reliability is vital to the quality of train services. There are many components in the traction power system, from interface with ultility distribution netowrk to contacts with trains and they are physically located along the rail line. Subject to usage environment, and ageing, conditions of components deteriorate with time. Regular maintenance has to be carried out to restore their conditions and prevent them from failure. However, the decisions on the suitable length of maintenance intervals often lead railway operators to the dilemma of minimising both risk of failure and operation cost. On the basis of a stochastic lifetime model, this article presents a generic software evaluation tool that enables the operators to manage risk of failure and cost quantitatively in order to match their prefered levels of service quality. The lifetime model includes the effects of condition restoration because ofj maintenance of regular intervals and ageing acceleration because of the electical stress from traffic demands. Examplos of simulation results are given to illustrate the applicability of this lifetime model.
Published: 2006

44. Evaluation of Maintenance Schedules on Railway Traction Power Systems

Author: Ho, Mark, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, Luis, Leung, Kwok, Siu, L K, Ho, Mark, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, Luis, Leung, Kwok, and Siu, L K
Abstract: In electrified railways, the traction power systems carry power to trains and their reliability is vital to the quality of train services. There are many components in the traction power system, from interface with utility distribution network to contacts with trains, and they are physically located along the rail line. Subject to usage, environment, and ageing, conditions of components deteriorate with time. Regular maintenance has to be carried out to restore their conditions and prevent them from failure. However, the decisions on the suitable length of maintenance intervals often lead railway operators to the dilemma of minimizing both risk of failure and operation cost. On the basis of a stochastic lifetime model, this article presents a generic software evaluation tool that enables the operators to manage risk of failure and cost quantitatively in order to match their preferred levels of service quality. The lifetime model includes the effects of condition restoration because of maintenance of regular intervals and ageing acceleration because of electrical stress from traffic demands. Examples of simulation results are given to illustrate the applicability of this lifetime model.
Published: 2006

45. Evaluation of maintenance schedules on railway traction power system

Author: Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, Slu, L K, Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, and Slu, L K
Abstract: In electrified railways, the traction power systems carry power to trains and their reliability is vital to the quality of train services. There are many components in the traction power system, from interface with ultility distribution netowrk to contacts with trains and they are physically located along the rail line. Subject to usage environment, and ageing, conditions of components deteriorate with time. Regular maintenance has to be carried out to restore their conditions and prevent them from failure. However, the decisions on the suitable length of maintenance intervals often lead railway operators to the dilemma of minimising both risk of failure and operation cost. On the basis of a stochastic lifetime model, this article presents a generic software evaluation tool that enables the operators to manage risk of failure and cost quantitatively in order to match their prefered levels of service quality. The lifetime model includes the effects of condition restoration because ofj maintenance of regular intervals and ageing acceleration because of the electical stress from traffic demands. Examplos of simulation results are given to illustrate the applicability of this lifetime model.
Published: 2006

46. Evaluation of maintenance schedules on railway traction power system

Author: Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, Slu, L K, Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Ferreira, L, Leung, K K, and Slu, L K
Abstract: In electrified railways, the traction power systems carry power to trains and their reliability is vital to the quality of train services. There are many components in the traction power system, from interface with ultility distribution netowrk to contacts with trains and they are physically located along the rail line. Subject to usage environment, and ageing, conditions of components deteriorate with time. Regular maintenance has to be carried out to restore their conditions and prevent them from failure. However, the decisions on the suitable length of maintenance intervals often lead railway operators to the dilemma of minimising both risk of failure and operation cost. On the basis of a stochastic lifetime model, this article presents a generic software evaluation tool that enables the operators to manage risk of failure and cost quantitatively in order to match their prefered levels of service quality. The lifetime model includes the effects of condition restoration because ofj maintenance of regular intervals and ageing acceleration because of the electical stress from traffic demands. Examplos of simulation results are given to illustrate the applicability of this lifetime model.
Published: 2006

47. Traction Power System Simulation in Electrical Railways

Author: Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Siu, L K, Ferreira, Luis, Ho, T K, Chi, Y L, Siu, L K, and Ferreira, Luis
Published: 2005

48. Cdc53/cullin and the essential Hrt1 RING-H2 subunit of SCF define a ubiquitin ligase module that activates the E2 enzyme Cdc34.

Author: Seol, JH, Seol, JH, Feldman, RM, Zachariae, W, Shevchenko, A, Correll, CC, Lyapina, S, Chi, Y, Galova, M, Claypool, J, Sandmeyer, S, Nasmyth, K, Deshaies, RJ, Seol, JH, Seol, JH, Feldman, RM, Zachariae, W, Shevchenko, A, Correll, CC, Lyapina, S, Chi, Y, Galova, M, Claypool, J, Sandmeyer, S, Nasmyth, K, and Deshaies, RJ
Abstract: SCFCdc4 (Skp1, Cdc53/cullin, F-box protein) defines a family of modular ubiquitin ligases (E3s) that regulate diverse processes including cell cycle, immune response, and development. Mass spectrometric analysis of proteins copurifying with Cdc53 identified the RING-H2 finger protein Hrt1 as a subunit of SCF. Hrt1 shows striking similarity to the Apc11 subunit of anaphase-promoting complex. Conditional inactivation of hrt1(ts) results in stabilization of the SCFCdc4 substrates Sic1 and Cln2 and cell cycle arrest at G1/S. Hrt1 assembles into recombinant SCF complexes and individually binds Cdc4, Cdc53 and Cdc34, but not Skp1. Hrt1 stimulates the E3 activity of recombinant SCF potently and enables the reconstitution of Cln2 ubiquitination by recombinant SCFGrr1. Surprisingly, SCF and the Cdc53/Hrt1 subcomplex activate autoubiquitination of Cdc34 E2 enzyme by a mechanism that does not appear to require a reactive thiol. The highly conserved human HRT1 complements the lethality of hrt1Delta, and human HRT2 binds CUL-1. We conclude that Cdc53/Hrt1 comprise a highly conserved module that serves as the functional core of a broad variety of heteromeric ubiquitin ligases.
Published: 1999

49. The age of the carbonates in martian meteorite ALH84001

Author: Borg, Lars E., Connelly, James N., Nyquist, Larry E., Shih, Chi Y., Wiesmann, Henry, Reese, Young, Borg, Lars E., Connelly, James N., Nyquist, Larry E., Shih, Chi Y., Wiesmann, Henry, and Reese, Young
Abstract: The age of secondary carbonate mineralization in the martian meteorite ALH84001 was determined to be 3.90 ± 0.04 billion years by rubidium- strontium (Rb-Sr) dating and 4.04 ± 0.10 billion years by lead-lead (Pb-Pb) dating. The Rb-Sr and Pb-Pb isochrons are defined by leachates of a mixture of high-graded carbonate (visually estimated as ~5 percent), whitlockite (trace), and orthopyroxene (~95 percent). The carbonate formation age is contemporaneous with a period in martian history when the surface is thought to have had flowing water, but also was undergoing heavy bombardment by meteorites. Therefore, this age does not distinguish between aqueous and impact origins for the carbonates.
Published: 1999

50. Cdc53/cullin and the essential Hrt1 RING-H2 subunit of SCF define a ubiquitin ligase module that activates the E2 enzyme Cdc34.

Author: Seol, JH, Seol, JH, Feldman, RM, Zachariae, W, Shevchenko, A, Correll, CC, Lyapina, S, Chi, Y, Galova, M, Claypool, J, Sandmeyer, S, Nasmyth, K, Deshaies, RJ, Seol, JH, Seol, JH, Feldman, RM, Zachariae, W, Shevchenko, A, Correll, CC, Lyapina, S, Chi, Y, Galova, M, Claypool, J, Sandmeyer, S, Nasmyth, K, and Deshaies, RJ
Abstract: SCFCdc4 (Skp1, Cdc53/cullin, F-box protein) defines a family of modular ubiquitin ligases (E3s) that regulate diverse processes including cell cycle, immune response, and development. Mass spectrometric analysis of proteins copurifying with Cdc53 identified the RING-H2 finger protein Hrt1 as a subunit of SCF. Hrt1 shows striking similarity to the Apc11 subunit of anaphase-promoting complex. Conditional inactivation of hrt1(ts) results in stabilization of the SCFCdc4 substrates Sic1 and Cln2 and cell cycle arrest at G1/S. Hrt1 assembles into recombinant SCF complexes and individually binds Cdc4, Cdc53 and Cdc34, but not Skp1. Hrt1 stimulates the E3 activity of recombinant SCF potently and enables the reconstitution of Cln2 ubiquitination by recombinant SCFGrr1. Surprisingly, SCF and the Cdc53/Hrt1 subcomplex activate autoubiquitination of Cdc34 E2 enzyme by a mechanism that does not appear to require a reactive thiol. The highly conserved human HRT1 complements the lethality of hrt1Delta, and human HRT2 binds CUL-1. We conclude that Cdc53/Hrt1 comprise a highly conserved module that serves as the functional core of a broad variety of heteromeric ubiquitin ligases.
Published: 1999

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